A re‐consideration of rates of ‘social mobility’ in Britain: or why research impact is not always a good thing

This paper re‐considers some of the evidence for low and declining social mobility in Britain, showing that one study based on a re‐analysis of cohort figures appears to have had an impact on policy‐makers out of all proportion to its scale and rigour. The study claimed to show that the income of parents and children were more closely related for sons born in 1970 than in 1958, and that therefore social mobility was declining. It also claimed to show that the incomes of fathers and sons were more closely related in Britain than in countries such as Norway. However, a reconsideration of the same results in this paper leads to very different conclusions. This example is considered in detail here to illustrate the point that it is not always a good thing for research to have influence. The most important and ethical challenge facing social research in education is to improve its quality rather than its impact.     

引证分析法作为科学评价的局限

引证研究存在着“质量”和“影响力”缺失的局限．通过对造成引证研究“质量”和“影响力”缺失因素的定量分析，进一步探讨了“质量”和“影响力”缺失的内在联系，并初步提出了弥补引证研究“质量”和“影响力”缺失的对策．     

Verbal Fluency and Verbal Short-Term Memory in Adults with Down Syndrome and Unspecified Intellectual Disability

The purpose of this study was to examine verbal fluency and verbal short-term memory in 12 adults with Down syndrome (DS) and 12 adults with Intellectual Disability (ID) of unspecified origin, matched for receptive vocabulary and chronological age. Participants’ performance was assessed on two conditions of a verbal fluency test, namely, semantic and phonemic fluency. In addition to the total number of correct words produced, the use of clustering and switching strategies was also evaluated. In order to investigate the likely relations of verbal short-term memory with the test variables, a digit span task was administered. According to the results of the study, the two groups differed significantly on the average phonemic cluster size, with the ID group outperforming the DS group. Regarding the within-group comparisons, a relatively similar pattern of results was found for the two groups, indicating higher scores on all the measures involved in the semantic test than the phonemic one. The examination of the relation of verbal short-term memory with the verbal fluency test measures revealed that, in the DS group, only the total words produced in the semantic and the phonemic test and the number of phonemic switches were significantly associated with verbal short-term memory. Additionally, in both groups, word productivity in the semantic and the phonemic test was positively associated with the number of switches. The observed similarities and differences in the performance of the two groups, as well as the associations that emerged among the test variables in each group, are discussed.     

视障人员考试平台的设计与开发

基于读屏技术成功开发了视障人员考试平台。包括出卷、考试、评判与分析等功能模块,实现了主观题的考试和评判。其考试模块是针对视障人员开发的,操作全部使用键盘,简捷、方便,信息反馈全部通过语音给出,实现了针对视觉缺陷的听觉补偿。该系统是一个面向视障人员的课程考试平台,可以用来处理任何课程,实现了考试管理的自动化和客观化。     

Configuring the teacher as data user: public-private sector mediations of national test data

ABSTRACT

Datafication of student learning has carved out an influential space for public and private actors who design technologies for visualizing data. As data visualizations shape how teachers’ interpret data, they are powerful devices. This paper examines how teachers get configured as data users in the making of Danish national test data visualizations for municipal primary and lower secondary schools. The paper is based on a qualitative study of the Danish Ministry of Education, which develops the official visualizations, and NordicMetrics, a private consultancy offering a supplementing visualization of student progression. We draw on science and technology studies (STS) to theorize techno-organizational dynamics of developing visualizations. We propose to understand data visualizations as contingent, situated and socio-material achievements that configure teacher as data users. Comparing two institutions’ respective negotiations of different concerns when developing data visualizations enables us to consider the otherwise ‘hidden’ data mediators and the entwined relations between public and private data mediators.     

Framing Cross-Cultural Ethical Practice in Adapt[ive] Physical Activity

ABSTRACT

Academics and practitioners are often at a loss when it comes to understanding the ethical socio-political and cultural contexts that invade the world of adapted physical activity. Ethical practice is situated in the local and the specific. In this article we highlight the reality that both academics and practitioners need to be ever mindful that the cultures surrounding the education, sport and rehabilitation components of adapted physical activity are distinctive environments that vary across the globe. Because of the cultural diversity surrounding adapted physical activity, we set out an embryonic framework for ethically thinking about practice in our field. Ultimately, we hope that this framework will go some way to illuminate questions of situated ethical importance that are becoming increasing conundrums within adapted physical activity.     

异质空间与乌托邦——一种都市文化批评的视角

1967年,福柯阐述了异质空间在(后)现代文化语境中的意义和价值,他的论述同列斐伏尔的理论共同开启了文化研究领域中的“空间转向”,对文化研究领域产生了深远的影响。究其根源,一方面是社会理论家在不断寻找能够适应(后)现代语境中空间问题的新方法模式及框架;另一方面则是源于乌托邦作为空间模式及思想方法的自身嬗变。这两方面的原因促成了异质空间、乌托邦与都市文化批评之间的机缘。     

When differences do not matter: inclusion in a Mexican primary school / Cuando las diferencias no importan: la inclusión en una escuela primaria mexicana

Studies show that disability is a cause of educational exclusion worldwide. Different countries adopt different views of the inclusion movement. Different variables seem to be associated with the success or failure of inclusion. This study takes place in a primary school located in Mexico. It aims to identify how inclusion is experienced by children with and without special needs, and the connections between inclusion and quality of life. Measures utilized were the questionnaire My Primary School from the Index for Inclusion and the Questionnaires on Assessment of Quality of Life for Children, self-report, and parents’ report. Participants are 69 regular students and 15 students with special education needs. Self-reports from regular children and proxy reports from the mothers of the special education needs students were analysed. Results indicated that there is an association between perceived inclusion and experiencing quality of life; having special needs does not impact on scores on QoL or inclusion; educational level does not impact on perceived QoL or inclusion for special education students. These results are discussed in light of a culture that appreciates diversity.     

新时代高等教育科学研究的使命担当——著名教育家潘懋元先生访谈录

2019年11月30日,《大学教育科学》编辑部结合教育部《关于加强新时代教育科学研究工作的意见》,就“新时代高等教育科学研究的使命担当”的主题对潘懋元先生进行了专访。潘先生认为,该《意见》的颁发体现了国家对教育科研工作的高度重视,意义重大。改革开放以后,教育科研工作为我国高等教育的改革发展作出了突出贡献,但也存在着脱离实际和中国国情等问题。新时代的高等教育科研,应该推动建设具有中国特色、世界水平的教育科学理论体系,不断提升教育科学研究质量和服务水平,为加快推进教育现代化、建设教育强国、办好人民满意的教育提供有力的智力支持和知识贡献。高等教育研究工作者应当立足中国国情,增强文化自信,努力建立具有中国特色的社会主义高等教育学,使中国高等教育在世界上拥有更大话语权。潘先生认为,“一枝独放不是春”,学术研究和学科发展必须百花齐放才能春色满园。教育理论学术期刊应该有自己的职业操守和学术品格,办出特色,注重办刊质量和水平。潘先生寄语年轻的高等教育研究工作者,既要仰望星空,也要脚踏实地。     

论译学形成的漫长过程

以人们对译学(或翻译学)认识的变化为依据,把译学的形成过程分为起始/初创、过渡/初级、发达/科学研究和成熟4个阶段并进行了讨论,按照时间顺序,列出该阶段的主要代表人物及其基本观点,还提到一些国家出版的有关刊物和相关专业在高校中的设置情况,为读者提供译学形成过程的概况.