曾巩的救灾理念与实践

曾巩历任八州地方官,两度组织指挥救灾活动,一次是1069年任越州(今绍兴)通判时,救助旱灾;另一次是1075年任洪州(今南昌)知州时,救助瘟疫。他写过四篇救灾的文章。1068年河北大地震后作《救灾议》和《议仓》,稍后又作《瀛州兴造记》,记述河北李肃救地震经验。1079年作《越州赵公救灾记》,记赵救助绍兴大旱大疫的措施,曾巩的救灾理念和实践经验,至今仍有现实意义。     

两朵不同的罂粟花--霍女形象与鲁菲拉形象比较

蒲松龄<聊斋志异·霍女>中的霍女与西班牙作家卡·索洛沙诺<塞维利亚的石貂女>中的鲁菲拉是两个颇具共性又各有个性的人物形象,本文对她们的共性及个性进行了梳理,并从二位作家身后的历史文化背景及他们创作这两篇小说的动机及方法入手,分别挖掘了这两个人物形象共性及个性形成的根源.     

When Disaster Strikes: Opportunities for Community and Institutional Renewal at Elliot Lake Public Library

On June 23, 2012, the Algo Centre Mall in Elliot Lake, Ontario, collapsed suddenly, killing two people, injuring many more, and destroying many of the community’s services, including the public library. After describing the events leading up to, during, and following the destruction of Elliot Lake Public Library, I discuss five opportunities for community and institutional renewal that are not currently being realized by the library. The destruction of the library need not be an entirely negative experience but, rather, a catalyst for refocusing the library’s role and improving its services and facilities in order to better meet the changing information needs of the community.     

中美档案灾难备份工作比较研究

档案是国家和社会的宝贵文化财富,确保档案信息的齐全完整,是档案工作的基本保障和内在要求.档案灾难备份工作作为确保档案安全的有效途径之一,是十分重要和有必要的.通过对中美档案灾难备份理论与实践的对比研究,分析我国目前档案灾备工作中存在的问题,并借鉴美国的相关理论研究成果和实践经验,为我国档案灾难备份体系的建设提供理论支持与实践指导.     

图书馆联盟下的数据容灾研究与构建

基于图书馆容灾的意义,论文分析图书馆联盟对数据容灾的优势和图书馆联盟数据容灾的运行机制,并构想了成员馆间的容灾系统。     

The Disaster Information Specialist: An Emerging Role for Health Librarians

ABSTRACT

This article describes the emergence of disaster information (DI) specialists, with particular focus on their presence in health libraries. Although literature on the subject of disasters and libraries is dominated by accounts of librarians preserving collections and ensuring continuity of library operations following a flood, fire, or other disaster event, the work of DI specialists extends beyond these traditional roles. DI specialists conduct outreach in the community, providing information services to emergency managers and other disaster workers. This article recounts a history of disaster information service in which public librarians served communities during disaster recovery periods, and health librarians became involved in organizational disaster planning activities. DI products from the National Library of Medicine are introduced in addition to federal funding opportunities for DI outreach projects. The development of the Medical Library Association's Disaster Information Specialization Program is presented, and the article shares recommendations for library administrators to encourage DI training for librarians and support the development of outreach services to disaster workers.     

灾难社会工作的角色评估:"三个阶段"的理论维度与实践展望

以汶川地震紧急救援、临时安置和灾后重建三阶段为时间维度和理论框架,对各不同阶段社会工作承担的角色以及发挥的功能进行具体分析。在紧急救援阶段,由于"社工的不成熟和不自信,当地政府的不接纳,民政不放心,国家没政策",社会工作者没有采取实质的行动和举措;临时安置阶段为社会工作者的"需求评估和零散行动"阶段,社工们在资源链接、个案管理、冲突协调、政策倡导等方面积累了一些经验;灾后重建阶段为社会工作的"星星之火可以燎原"阶段,从最初的深圳、上海、广州三家社工站发展到30多家社工站,期间,运用社会心理能力建设模式开展灾后社区工作和学校社会工作进行了"摸着石头过河的探索",标志着中国社会工作走上了本土化和专业化的道路。"三个阶段"的社会工作评析和总结也为中国社会工作教育、灾难社会工作的实务发展和理论框架的进一步发展提供了新的思路。     

印尼中小学灾难教育实施样态的分析与启示

在全球自然环境不断恶劣以及人口急剧膨胀的背景下,自然灾害和人为灾害发生的频率越来越大,世界各国被迫进入灾害频发的风险性社会。印尼政府高度重视灾难教育,2010年制定了一项“减少灾害风险”的国家战略,构建了颇具特色的灾难教育体系。该国的灾难教育确立了以提升学生灾难素养为宗旨的目标,兼顾知识性目标、技能性目标以及情感态度性目标;选取海啸、洪水、地震、滑坡、火灾等灾害为主要教学内容,以螺旋式分模块、分学段地组织教学内容;借助学科课程渗透、专门课程、“自我发展项目”等多样化的途径实施灾难教育;着力开发“境域化”与“多样化”的灾难教育资源。这对于我国灾难教育目标的设置、内容的选择与编排、实施模式的选择以及资源的开发具有一定的借鉴意义。