The diversity of university disciplinary profiles in research and teaching

Is the ideal of a one-size-fits-all university model—where universities are capable of successfully performing all competencies simultaneously—ever achievable? Has the balance between teaching and research activities grown even more fragile or is such a balance unfeasible? In this paper, we review studies of institutional diversity in higher education and bibliometric analyses. We prose a two-dimensional typology based on diversity in teaching and research by scientific fields. We investigate the diversity in teaching and research, respectively, at the disciplinary level and address whether these primary activities mirror each other. As a measure of mismatch between the two activities, we assess the distribution of students and publications by scientific fields through a clustering analysis. Our study of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Russia reveals that private universities are less diverse both in research and teaching and have high teaching intensity compared to state universities. Expectedly, universities in the rankings have more diverse profiles and they have a higher research intensity.     

“Listen louder”: Counselor trainee understanding of diversity in diagnosis

Using grounded theory methodology, authors utilized four online focus groups to explore counselor trainees’ understanding of diversity in a mental health diagnosis course. Four overarching themes, each embodied by two subthemes, emerged from the data. Implications for counselor educators teaching diversity in diagnosis to counselor trainees are provided.     

波特间隔线性反馈微波通信分集接收技术

在微波通信中,采用微波通信分集接收技术能很好实现信道均衡和多径干扰抑制,增加发射功率或带宽。传统方法采用自适应均衡技术进行微波通信分集跟踪,两点间直线距离内无障碍时,信号分集效果较好,但不能适用于多途分集接收,信道交叉时对信号源的跟踪效果不好。提出一种基于波特间隔线性反馈的微波通信分集接收技术,建立微波通信信道模型和微波通信协议设计,同一信号的不同独立衰落复制品加以合并处理,在信号分离的同时采用波特间隔线性反馈技术实现支路信号同相相加,正好抵消衰落的相位偏移,达到瞬态集中的目的。从而大幅度改进无线链路性能,实现强有力的接收。仿真实验表明,采用该算法能有效提高波束形成的垂直指向性,能在强混响复杂深海通信环境中实现对微弱多径衰落微波信号的分集接收,误码率从16.21%降低为0.98%。     

包容性、人才迁移与城市创新

探讨城市包容性对城市创新的影响,为包容性如何影响城市创新以及人才区位选择动因提供证据和解释。根据新经济地理学构建一个包括两区域、五部门、三要素的区域创新增长模型,分析城市包容性通过影响人才迁移进而影响城市创新的作用机理,并利用“百度迁徙”大数据对我国277个地级市进行实证检验。研究结果表明,城市包容性不仅会对城市创新水平产生直接的正向影响,还会通过促进人才流动对城市创新水平产生间接影响;同时,对具有不同外商投资水平、工资水平及高铁通达性的区域来说,包容性对城市创新水平的影响呈现出显著的差异性;此外,文化多样性在人才促进城市创新的过程中起到催化剂作用,但对其他群体来说却表现为抑制作用。最后提出重视提升城市软实力作用、因城施策,以提升地方生活品质为重点提升城市包容性和吸引力,以及注重增强文化多样性和文化交流、强化包容性对创新的带动作用等对策建议。     

语言Q值与小语种语言存亡边界——基于语言经济学的模型

基于语言的人力资本性质,引入语言"Q值"量化其经济价值,并以此修正Grin模型分析小语种语言存在的必要性。分析结果表明:(1)语言的Q值越大时,也即这种语言的生命力越强时,人们投入这种语言的时间就会越多;(2)基于文化和政治上的原因,在小语种语言有必要保护的前提下,刻画出小语种语言存亡边界、改变小语种语言的语言态度以及小语种语言的使用人数,可以使小语种语言从死亡区进入生存区;(3)在对小语种语言保护的制度安排中,持久增加使用小语种语言的人数十分重要。     

天水地区鱼类资源多样性研究

天水位于世界两大动物地理区古北界和东洋界在我国分界线的秦岭西端,属我国华北、华中、蒙新、青藏四大动物地理分布区的交汇地带,鱼类资源比较丰富。有鱼类31种,隶属于4目6科24属,其中野生鱼类26种,渭河水系有15种,嘉陵江水系有9种,两大水系鱼类相似性指数为16.67%,区系构成非常复杂。通过对天水地区鱼类的地理分布及有关分布情况的调查、资料收集、整理,研究了天水地区鱼类资源的多样性。     

梁陈规讽诗探讨

规讽诗以含蓄的手法规劝、嘲讽不合理的社会现象 ,以兴治济身、振危释惫为创作目的。梁陈规讽诗的选题多讽谏朝政 ,从不同阶层诗人的感情角度出发 ,多向性地揭示了统治阶级的内部矛盾 ,披露了门阀士族与寒门庶族之间的派别之争。其特点以刺官为主。在艺术上 ,因受儒家诗教、诗人社会地位的影响 ,梁陈规讽诗呈现出婉曲隐晦的创作特点。     

机械加工实践教学要以培养能力为主线

实训教师是实践教学的组织者和实施者,要有很高的道德水准和娴熟的技术能力。在课题选择上要紧紧把握住从书本知识转化为实践技能这一环节。让学生在实践中进一步加深对理论的理解,培养学生成为有能力的高级技术人才。     

数字通信中空间分集均衡技术仿真研究

在数字通信中，信道的多径传播和衰落特性常在接收端引起码间干扰（ISI）并降低信噪比，严重影响了通信质量。本文研究了空间分集与盲均衡相结合的空间分集均衡技术（SDE），提出了一种基于等增益合并和判决反馈盲均衡的空间分集均衡算法，以克服码间干扰并消除衰落对通信系统所带来的不利影响。通过计算机仿真对空间分集均衡算法和传统盲均衡算法的性能进行了对比，结果表明空间分集均衡技术优于传统的盲均衡技术，提高了数字通信性能。     

On Media Concentration and the Diversity Question

Corporate mergers and the consolidation of ownership in the American communications arena have long been sources of concern. U.S. regulatory and antitrust policy traditionally attempted to secure a “diversity of voices” structurally, largely through rules regarding ownership. Although the meaning of diversity was always problematic and undertheorized, the Federal Communications Commission long set ceilings on the numbers of broadcast outlets any single person or corporation could own and enacted cross-ownership rules such as a prohibition against a corporation owning a newspaper and broadcast outlets in the same market. These rules, and the FCC's authority to make them, were upheld, occasionally even compelled, by the federal appellate courts. In the last 20 years, however, legal trends, in conjunction with political developments, have undermined the diversity rationales behind ownership rules and associated structural regulations of mass media. Paradoxically, even as media corporations are becoming larger and presumably more powerful, ownership regulations are being rescinded or struck down. This article explains this history. It concludes with a suggestion that the First Amendment metaphor of a marketplace of ideas is misplaced, and of how our thinking about media ownership and diversity might be better served by the metaphor of a mixed media system.