讨价还价的博弈分析及对策研究

从经济学的角度运用博弈论的方法可以对买东西讨价还价的情形进行分析。对销售者来说，给商品定高价是其占优战略（dominantstrategy），消费者也意识到这一点，所以在买东西时一定会选择讨价还价。但是讨价还价对于购销双方来说都是一件费时费力的事情，造成不必要的效率损耗，实际上陷入一种囚徒困境。如果销售者合理运用超市经营、结伙购买、批量购买、实行会员制度等对策，就可以帮助自己解脱消费者讨价还价困境。     

社会支配取向量表在中国的信度和效度研究

本研究尝试修订西方的社会支配取向量表。359名大学本科生参与了研究。结果表明，社会支配取向量表修订后包含14个项目，量表具有较好的内部一致性、重测信度和一定的预测效度；中国被试社会支配取向得分普遍比西方的高；中文修订量表不同于西方的单因素或者双因素结构，它包括4个因素，即“反对群体平等”、“赞同优势群体的支配性”、“赞同劣势群体的较低地位”、“赞同维持等级差异”。     

"镜像"中的《离婚》--爱姑形象新析及其他

在巴赫金“镜像”理论的观照下,鲁迅的《离婚》再度焕发出巨大生命力,文本承载着作者丰厚的思想底蕴及其对于女性命运的清醒审视和深层关注,忠实地再现了女性婚姻的历史境况,并超前揭示了两性解放进程中所遭遇的真正困境。     

中国法制现代化进程中传统法律文化的转型

传统法律文化是法制现代化的内在动力。中国的法制现代化进程并不单单是法律制度的变革，也是传统法律文化的重塑过程。法律制度的有效建构和运作依赖于相应的法律文化的存在，法治的成长必须依赖于相应的法律文化土壤。要建立法治社会，实现法制的现代化，就必须从传统法律文化中发掘精华，找寻中国法治建设的有效资源。本文通过对传统法律文化特征的阐述分析了传统法律文化与现代法治的排拒性与相通性，提出了传统法律文化转型的实现方式。     

GS-SDD矩阵的逆矩阵的无穷范数和最小奇异值的估计(英文)

本文给出了GS-SDD矩阵的逆矩阵的‖A-1‖∞的一个新上界和最小奇异值的一个新下界。数值算例表明所得结论是有效的。     

Problems in the Training of Research Workers

ABSTRACT

The authors examined the nature of dominant students in Grades 3–5 in a midwestern school system in the United States. Previous research has indicated 2 ways a student may gain dominance—through bullying and prosocial behaviors. A cluster analysis for dominant children was conducted using social interdependence attitude scores, children's self-reports of bullying and prosocial behaviors, and teacher reports of bullying and prosocial behaviors. Dominant children were clustered into cooperative-prosocial, competitive-aggressive, and individualistic groups. Competitive-aggressive children received higher teacher ratings of dominance than did cooperative-prosocial children, there was no significant among the clusters on perceived leadership by peers, and cooperative-prosocial children tended to have teachers who used more cooperative learning in their classroom.     

认同教育与思想政治理论课教学实效性探析

教学实效性是思想政治理论课教学效果评价的主要指标。目前国内关于思想政治理论课教学效果的质疑和反思,体现出来的实质问题是对于教学实效性的认识和把握不足,特别是忽略了认同教育这个基础问题。认同教育的实质就是让学生能够更轻松、快乐地学习,无负担地学习,把课程的学习变成一种自身成长成才的需要,进而在潜移默化中达成课程的教学目标,实现教学实效性。     

Differences in Sensorimotor Processing of Visual and Proprioceptive Stimuli

Abstract

The present study sought to determine whether individuals could be trained to attenuate the visual dominance effect by selecting a proprioceptive stimulus for attention. Using a reaction time (RT) task, subjects received either: (a) visual (V), (b) proprioceptive (P), or (c) combined V and P (VP) stimuli during the first four days. Each subject was then tested under all three stimuli conditions. Results showed that reaction time to the P cue was always faster than that to V or combined VP stimuli. The order in which subjects were tested under each stimulus modality significantly affected the results such that those subjects who received initial exposure to the V stimulus produced the slowest premotor time scores but the fastest motor time scores. These results suggest that the nature of the stimulus which initiates the volitional task can affect both the central processing requirements to initiate the response, and the qualitative manner in which the motor command is executed.     

‘Rude speech’ and ‘ignorant audience’: power of ignorance and language politics at an Aotearoa/New Zealand school

In studies of minority language education, researchers tend to base their arguments on the assumption that knowledge empowers and ignorance disempowers. In this article, however, I show two alternative dynamics of knowledge and relations of dominance by drawing on my ethnographic fieldwork at a secondary school in Aotearoa/New Zealand in 1997–8. First, by analyzing the ways some Pākehā (white) parents complained about Māori speeches at school by saying ‘not everyone understands it’, I argue that relations of dominance can create the legitimacy even in ignorance and work to marginalize an already repressed minority language. Second, by showing how other Pākehā accepted the speeches even though they did not understand them, I argue that an acknowledgement of ignorance can be an act of embracing the unknowable cultural others by abandoning a sense of entitlement to know. From these observations, this paper suggests a reformulation of the understanding of the relationship between knowledge and power and calls for investigating various contours of ignorance situated in specific relations of dominance.     

我国学前教育的中长期发展方向应该是加快普及进程——对全国人大常委、国家督学、北京师范大学教授庞丽娟的深度访谈

我国教育中长期改革发展规划正处于起草与征求意见阶段。考虑到我国国情,学前教育中长期发展方向应该是加快普及进程,争取到2020年在全国基本普及学前三年教育。为此,我国应建立政府主导、社会广泛参与、公共财政支撑、多渠道投入相结合的学前教育发展机制;明确以公办为主,公办和民办共同、协调发展的学前教育办园体制;重点支持中西部和农村地区学前教育发展,在这些地区坚持以政府办园为主,以公办教师为主,以财政投入为主,大力推进农村乡镇中心幼儿园建设。