Simplified method of designing FIR filter with controllable center frequency

A novel simplified method is presented to design FIR filter with controllable center frequency. The properties of transfer curves for all-phase filters are illustrated under 3 windowing conditions. By combining single-window all-phase filter design steps and double phase-shift combination, a series of design formulas for point-pass filter, notch filter, band-pass filter and band-stop filter are derived, thus the design computation complexity is greatly reduced. Experiments prove that the center frequency of all the filters can be accurately specified at arbitrary position by adjusting frequency parameters m and λ.     

Governing through guidance: an analysis of educational guidance practices in an Italian lower secondary school

ABSTRACT

Current social policy discourse defines educational and career guidance as a key tool to enhance individual self-realisation while pursuing collective social objectives (economic growth, reduction of drop-out rate, social inclusion). Relying on Foucault’s concept of governmentality, critical research has long destabilised this mainstream narrative by stressing that guidance polices constitute a technology of government through which the political ambition to govern is realised by shaping citizens’ desires and ambitions. This article aims to provide an in-depth empirical analysis of how governing practices unfold within a concrete guidance setting. Based on ethnographic data, the essay focuses on guidance practices addressing 13–14-year-old students in Italy moving from comprehensive education to a tracked educational level. Particular emphasis is given to the role played by guidance forms, questionnaires and exercises. These materials, it is argued, enable particular technologies of the self that are key to involving individual in practices of self-government.     

即时合成层状双氢氧化物法去除阴离子染料活性艳蓝

利用层状双氢氧化物(LDH)合成原理,提出了即时合成LDH处理染料废水的新方法,并对其可行性进行了实验研究。其基本原理是,在废水处理中,由于Mg2+、Al3+水解共沉淀形成LDH,阴离子染料优先进入LDH结构层间平衡结构电荷,从而使阴离子染料以LDH沉淀的形式被去除。这一原理已通过模拟废水实验和沉淀物结构分析证实。文章探讨了反应时间、pH值、Mg/Al比值、温度对染料去除率的影响。结果表明,在常温下,最佳pH值为9.0,反应时间为2小时,Mg/Al比值为3:1,对活性艳蓝染料的去除率效果十分显著。     

Wittgenstein's ‘Relativity’: Training in language‐games and agreement in Forms of Life

Taking Wittgenstein's love of music as my impetus, I approach aporetic problems of epistemic relativity through a round of three overlapping (canonical) inquiries delivered in contrapuntal (higher and lower) registers. I first take up the question of scepticism surrounding ‘groundless knowledge’ and contending paradigms in On Certainty (physics versus oracular divination, or realism versus idealism) with attention given to the role of ‘bedrock’ certainties in providing stability amidst the Heraclitean flux. I then look into the formation of sedimented bedrock knowledge, or practices of knowing, by comparing Wittgenstein's remarks on animal habituation and initiate training into human forms of life. In the latter case, mastery of techniques—our common education—secures agreement in judgment. Finally, I entertain Wittgenstein's obscure references to Einstein's Relativity in Zettel, showing initiate training as a way of ‘setting the clocks’ with variable degrees of certainty, relative to the language‐games played. Together, these three approaches help us to stop the ‘endless circling’ when philosophers try to address knowledge questions through the logic of object and designation, or verification of correspondence between propositions and things. Instead, attention moves to the way we educate our children and how we employ agreements and bedrock certainties in practices.     

对河南省体育健身娱乐市场消费群体现状的调查分析

运用社会学研究方法对河南省郑州、开封、洛阳3市体育健身娱乐市场消费群体的消费行为、消费动机、消费结构以及消费形式进行了调查。结果表明：其消费结构女性比例超过男性,主要分布在20至35岁之间;消费动机主要是健身健美、减肥治病;消费形式主要在收费中等偏下的体育娱乐场所;消费行为有70％以上消费者有相对固定的消费场所,并认可市场价格。总体对比目前处于国内平均水平。     

有关汉字文化研究的几个基本理论问题

汉字并不是独立于文化体系之外的 ,而是整个文化体系中诸多文化项的一员。研究汉字文化 ,就是要以汉字为核心 ,探讨汉字与其他文化项之间的关系。“汉字文化”与“汉语文化”是两个不同范畴的概念 ,前者来源于汉字自身的形体 ,后者来源于汉字所记录的词 ,不能将二者混为一谈。尽管汉字形体与其他文化项之间存在着密切的关系 ,但它并不具备细致描写文化的功能 ,更不具备最终确认文化的功能 ,因此 ,进行汉字文化研究必须准确把握汉字文化功能的量度 ,而不能随意加以夸大。     

博兰尼眼中的“市场”与“社会”

市场与社会是《巨变》一书的基础性范畴，博兰尼通过批判市场乌托邦揭示了十九世纪文明崩溃的根源就在于经济自由主义者企图去建立一个自律性市场制度的空幻努力之上，认为市场与社会之间的双重运动才是合乎历史事实的。然而，他对市场、社会所作的剖析与批判，并不能使其摆脱选择社会作为出发点所带来的固有性缺陷。     

论手语的基本要素——语形

手语是聋人重要的交际工具,它作为一种语言,已逐渐为人们所接受。作为聋校教育教学重要手段的手语,其作用是有声语言无法替代的,为了让聋生更好地学习掌握手语,对手语基本要素——语形研究和分析显得尤其必要。手语中的语形相当于有声语言中的语音,构成它的基本要素是手形、位置、动作、方向等。本文以《中国手语》为研究蓝本,对手语的基本要素语形进行了分析,以期推动中国手语工作的研究进程。     

复式体育课立论

强调体育课的复式教学特点,引入复式教学的基本思想,分析复式体育课的可行性,提出大体育课的概念。     

新西兰“人体五种基本运动形式”的体育教学内容分类研究

新西兰体育与健康课程主要包括身体活动、运动学习、户外教育、食物与营养、心理健康、性教育,以及身体保护与安全7个关键的学习领域。其中身体活动按照人体五种基本运动形式进行分类,分为移动、跳跃、旋转、摆动和平衡,1-8年级都按照这种分类组织教学内容,并提出教学案例和教学建议。