The development of female Muslim life-savers

This teaching case illustrates the use of community development strategies to increase and enhance community sport participation of a targeted minority group. Royal Life Saving Society of Australia is presented here as an example of an organisation that embraced cultural change and developed a strategic approach to inclusive provision for individuals from marginalised population groups. The case is based on a community development framework that includes multiple facets: a shared concern about a social problem requiring action; encouraging the active participation of a marginalised group; forming public sector partnerships to pool resources and build political support; adopting collaborative principles of organising; collectively developing and implementing action plans; and re-conceptualising traditional ideas around accountability. The case facilitates the examination of the theoretical and practical considerations of adopting a community development approach in sport management.     

Managing sport for social change: The state of play

Sport-for-development (SFD) provides a platform for sport to be used as a tool or “hook” to contribute to positive outcomes in areas including economic development, social inclusion, cultural cohesion, healthy lifestyles, education, gender equity, as well as reconciliation and peacebuilding. The area of sport for social change (SFSC) represents a sub-field of SFD that uses sport as a catalyst to build social capacity and develop socially and physically healthy communities. The Managing Sport for Social Change special issue of Sport Management Review brings together a collection of conceptual advances, empirical research papers and teaching case studies from a range of social and cultural perspectives, with a focus on managing sport for social change; aimed at engaging critically with sport management theory and praxis, and discussing associated practical and policy implications. Theoretical gaps and recommendations for future research, including: local engagement, innovative research methodology, and a broadening of the scope of research are also discussed.     

产学研联盟中知识流的动力学模型构建与仿真

为进一步揭示产学研联盟中的知识流动规律,将流体力学引入到产学研联盟的知识流研究中,定义知识流的密度、压力等概念,结合联盟中知识分流和知识粘滞的情况,建立的联盟知识流的连续性方程和运动微分方程,构造出联盟知识流的动力学模型。对模型数值模拟结果表明,加强外部驱动力、降低知识粘性能够促进联盟知识的流动,异质知识的流入会对当前渠道的知识流产生粘滞阻力影响。     

基于TVCSE拟合的网络入侵预测方法

针对传统算法网络入侵预测中,网络检测数据相关性不强,大规模网络入侵导致预测准确性不高的问题。提出了一种基于时序变化率曲面极值(Time-series variation curved surface extremum:TVC-SE)拟合的网络入侵预测算法。对网络流量信息数据进行实时获取,以时序为时间度量构建变化率曲面模型;分别对时序变化率曲面模型的局部极值进行迭代计算,将共有的局部极值作为最终的预测极值进行存储,同时以该时刻的协同局部极值为参考,提高了网络入侵预测的准确性。仿真实验表明,该测试方法能够达到较高的测量精度,虚警率比传统算法平均降低了12.4%,预测时间减少在2.5 s左右,在不增加成本,符合网络程序计算复杂度的情况下,满足了网络入侵预测的要求。     

中外科技期刊英文摘要文体格式的变化及建议

【目的】分析中外科技期刊使用不同中英文摘要形式的变化趋势,探讨相关原因,为提高我国科技期刊英文摘要的表达水平提出建设。【方法】通过查阅Medline、ESI及CNKI等数据库,统计部分学科的中外主要科技期刊的英文摘要格式,进行一段式及结构式摘要使用情况的数据分析,解读摘要文体的演变过程及摘要形式使用情况的变化趋势。【结果】从国际整体科技期刊英文摘要格式看,两种文体格式共存,一段式摘要为主,且有逐步增加的趋势;在生物医学领域期刊中结构式摘要的使用仍有较大比例。【结论】为了更好地适应科技期刊国际化的需要,建议国内科技期刊按中英文刊的不同,选择不同的英文摘要形式。     

我国文化变迁与教育关系问题研究：回顾与反思

文化变迁与教育的关系作为文化与教育动态联系的一个主要方面,具有重要的理论与实践意义,20世纪80年代末至今我国学者对于文化变迁与教育关系问题的探讨大致经历了初步探索与系统化、多样化发展两个阶段。研究内容主要包括文化变迁与教育的一般关系、文化变迁与课程等具体教育因素的关系、少数民族文化变迁与教育发展、乡村文化变迁与教育发展等,相关研究在取得进展的同时,尚存在理论研究与经验研究结合不够,经验研究的对象选取不够广泛,对文化变迁与家庭教育、文化变迁与学生缺乏应有研究等问题。为此,今后该领域的研究需在拓展研究对象、主题的同时,注重理论研究与经验研究的结合。     

草地管理利用方式转变对生态系统蒸散耗水的影响

为了解草地管理利用方式对生态系统与大气间水汽交换量的影响程度和影响机制,本研究在内蒙古典型温性草原区域选取相互毗邻的三块不同管理利用方式(放牧,围封禁牧和开垦)草地,利用连有同化箱的便携式红外气体分析仪(LI-6 400),对生态系统蒸散过程进行了全天测定。结果显示,草地围封禁牧和开垦均显著改变了植被群落特征,相比放牧样地,围封禁牧样地蒸散增加了28.01%(P0.01),而生长C4作物的开垦样地的蒸散量则下降18.62%(P0.05)。各利用管理方式草地的气温,空气湿度和饱和水汽压差在日间的动态变化均能较好解释蒸散速率的动态变化,其中气温对生态系统蒸散速率的影响具有昼夜差异性,夜间蒸散速率对气温变化的响应敏感性显著低于白天。研究表明,草原区域人类管理利用方式差异造成的生态系统结构、功能变化可能会显著影响区域地表与大气间的水汽交换。     

喷射火灾下LPG储罐裂纹生长研究

LPG储罐在遭受热冲击时通常会面临较为恶劣的环境,在高温和内压作用下,金属材料强度下降,罐体将会出现局部屈服变形,严重时可能会发生破裂甚至爆炸。文章建立了喷射火灾下LPG储罐的裂纹开口生长模型,计算了75%充装率的水平圆柱体LPG储罐,从裂纹开口开始发生到最终状态下裂纹宽度和裂纹面积的变化趋势。     

由M_w7.8昆仑山地震地表位错推断滑动位移

2001年MW7.8昆仑山口西地震形成约400 km的地震破裂带,主震断层为一长度350 km、呈东西走向且近直立的走滑断层.主震断层附近的同震滑动位错为研究断层内部的力学性质及几何形态提供了重要参考.本文根据Freund的III-型位错模型,以实地测量和卫星测量的地表错动数据为约束条件,求取沿主震断层走向断层内部各点的滑动位移分布以及破裂面沿断层深度方向的扩展宽度.计算结果表明:III-型位错模拟结果所得断层面滑动位移分布特征和由有限断层模型体波反演得到的结果有较高的吻合程度,且在深度方向上呈现强烈的不均匀性.由III-型位错模型给出的断层内部的破裂宽度小于20 km,其平均值为8.4 km.进一步的对比分析表明:地表同震位移量的大小同断层的破裂宽度在尺度上存在明确的比例关系,沿断层走滑方向各点的滑动位移随深度的变化特征具有自相似性的分形特征.结合III-型位错模拟和体波反演结果,基于Andrews方法计算断层面上静态应力变化的分布,其分布特征同样具有很高的吻合度.     

Shifting the Perspective of the Research Librarian: A CoResearch Paradigm

This article proposes the coresearch engagement model (CoRE), which addresses how the academic research librarian can become a coresearch partner with any patron. The CoRE model is an interpersonal process and is founded upon the concepts of mutual respect, collaboration, reciprocity, and empowerment. Grounded in Howard Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory, Malcolm Knowles’ andragogical model, and guidelines from the Reference and User Services Association, CoRE has the potential to result in engagement for the librarian and patron. The CoRE model can be utilized in many ways including self-awareness and development for those who need and want to expand their abilities as a research librarian. It provides a theoretical framework and a knowledge base, in addition to giving a context for further development by expanding, comparing the related theories for further research, and implementing various applications suggested by this article.