大学生心理危机预警探究

近年来频发的大学生心理危机事件,表明做好大学生心理危机预警已经刻不容缓。在对大学生心理危机预警现状、造成大学生心理危机的主要原因、大学生心理危机特点及表现形式进行分析的基础上,提出了做好大学生心理危机预警工作的建议。     

Tutor feedback on draft essays: developing students’ academic writing and subject knowledge

Providing feedback on draft essays is an accepted means of enacting a social-constructivist approach to assessment, aligning with current views on the value of formative feedback and assessment for learning (AFL). However, the use of this process as a means of improving not only content but also students' academic writing skills has not been widely studied, despite a widespread perception that there is scope for intervention at university level. This article explores the developmental potential of a drafting/tutor feedback/redrafting process on a first-year undergraduate course for trainee English language teachers at a UK university. The aims of this small-scale, largely qualitative study were to ascertain students' perceptions of the process and to determine the extent to which the process could contribute to the development of students' academic writing. Data are derived from first and second draft essay marks and questionnaires administered to 32 students. Findings suggest that feedback on drafts is acted on and can contribute to improved work when it is timely and detailed and when it raises students' metacognitive awareness, as was the case in this project. Also noteworthy, however, are the students' perceptions that redrafting is cognitively challenging and time-consuming. Comments from a less academically confident student with regard to the quantity of feedback and its detrimental impact are of particular concern. Questions are raised regarding the use of tutor reformulation, the sustainability of AFL and the provision of feedback to – and its interpretation by – weaker students. Finally, some key indicators for improved future practice are presented.     

How Moroccan mothers and fathers view child development and their role in their children's education

Despite the documented importance of parental engagement in early learning, little is known about how parents in the Middle East and North Africa understand child development. To inform the literature, a small-scale study involving four focus groups was conducted with parents of children aged six years and under living in Casablanca. The purpose of this study was to explore parents' understanding of and support for their children's early development. Results reveal that parents see a vital role for themselves in their children's upbringing as supporters and nurturers, but little role as teachers. Across different education and income levels, parents in this small-scale qualitative study believe that children's experiences in their first years of life do not affect their longer-term intellectual development or school success and see little value in early intellectual stimulation or formal preschool education. Our results suggest that parents need to understand their role as their child's first educators. Also, it is essential that parents are taught how to promote their children's early cognitive development without undermining their nurturing roles.     

Engaging with holistic curriculum outcomes: deconstructing ‘working theories’

International debates persist about what constitutes desirable outcomes from early childhood education experiences. The New Zealand early childhood curriculum brings together academic and social-pedagogic outcomes as interdependent holistic constructs named ‘dispositions’ and ‘working theories’. These constructs are complex notions that require interpretation by researchers and teachers in order to be recognised as outcomes by those with a vested interest in children's education: parents and policy-makers. This paper engages with the construct of working theories. It explains its genesis and outlines research activity thus far. The paper draws on findings from a two-year qualitative research project exploring children's interests, inquiries and working theories. The paper analyses two vignettes of working theories into mutually constitutive components of knowledge, skills and strategies, and attitudes and expectations. It argues that deconstructing working theories into elements able to be recognised by those outside early childhood education provides a way to demystify these innovative outcomes. Such scrutiny may assist parents and policy-makers to understand ways that the learning they value is present in the early years. Further, holistic outcomes are responsive to research and scholarship on appropriate pedagogy that encourages children to develop identities as learners, identities critical to living in the twenty-first century.     

基于语言输入假说和建构主义理论的大学英语写作教学模式浅探

目前大学英语写作中学生无话可说、缺乏想象力和创造力的现象普遍存在。而有效激发学生英语写作的兴趣,解决创造性思维缺乏的问题,关键在于写作前为学生提供一系列能触发想象力与写作话题相关的问题和线索。主要依据语言输入假说和建构主义理论,探讨写作教学中课前语言最佳输入、课堂输入模式的多样化,提出创建优秀作文库和实行"10+30+5"多形式课堂输入的模式。     

阅读与写作能力的互动原理及教学策略

阅读奠定写作的基础,写作提高阅读能力和阅读教学水平,这是阅读与写作的互动原理。要促成阅读与写作能力的共同提高增加教学效率,就一定要运用它们之间的互补机制促成的互动。而阅读与写作互动原理的实施,要求教师除了具备阅读和写作能力之外,还必须具备语文课程内容的整体观念。     

商务英语专业学生写作中的母语负迁移研究及其认知分析

在语言习得过程中,母语的迁移对习得者语言能力的影响是不可避免的.当母语与目标语的规则相近时,迁移通常是正面的;反之,则容易导致负面的迁移.而负迁移往往导致学生输出性语言错误的产生.以学生的写作文本为语料,收集学生的写作错误并进行分析,探讨母语对学生英语写作的负迁移及其认知原因,以期对二语写作教学有所启发.     

词层的对等在英语写作教学中的功用

通过阐述英汉双语之间词的不对等现象,利用英国学者Mona Baker的"词层的对等"理论,分析汉语在英语写作学习中的迁移作用,提出有效的教学策略。     

论大学公共英语写作教学的优化策略

针对四级考试的写作的命题趋势和社会对实用型英语人才的需求,本文试图通过分析英语教学中的四大症结,从教学管理和教学实施两个层面探讨写作教学的增效问题,提出了教学管理和教学实施中实现学习环境和教学效果优化的具体措施。     

Discourse measures for Basque summary grading

In the context of Learning Technologies, the need to be able to assess the learning and domain comprehension in open-ended learner responses has been present in artificial intelligence and education since its beginnings. The advantage of using summaries is that they allow teachers to diagnose comprehension and the amount of information remembered from text in the learning process. This study addresses the issue of automatically obtaining overall discourse scores from surface discourse measures for Basque language. Global measures have been studied for cohesion, adequacy and use of language. The approach taken was to estimate the presence of the automatically gathered surface discourse measures in expert grading decisions in cohesion, adequacy and use of language. As a consequence, three grading decision-making regression models were obtained to estimate overall grades from text written in Basque. Next, the obtained regression models were tested in corpus-containing summaries written by learners with different degrees of summarisation maturity. The results show that the obtained grading frameworks significantly reflect human decisions and are able to discriminate summarisation maturity differences.