中国体育行业协会的法理分析

从体育行业协会的本质入手，分析了我国体育行业协会的起源、发展、现状及未来走向；运用经济法基础理论阐释其法律地位、法律性质、社会责任；研究了如何解决体育行业协会与市场主体的争端以及如何充分发挥其自治功能，探讨体育行业协会对我国体育事业发展的积极意义。     

晚明时期走私贸易对社会经济发展的危害———以广州府为例

晚明时期的广州是中国最主要的海外贸易港口，同时也是走私贸易最猖獗地区之一。广州府的走私贸易大量侵吞国家关税收入，摧残守法商人的正当贸易，引起广州物价的异常波动，损害人民群众利益，侵蚀社会风气，加剧官场腐败，激化社会矛盾。晚明时期走私贸易给广州地区社会发展带来严重危害。由于，当时广州官绅大多与走私贸易有着共同利益关系，所以，尽管曾经有颜俊彦这样的个别中下级官员的努力缉私，却是无法从根本上制止广州地区的走私活动。     

明代"门摊课"考

明代门摊课是明朝政府向商铺经营者征收的一种定额营业税。门摊课自始至终通行于有明一朝。嘉靖至万历年间，江南地区实行以门摊课为中心的税制改革，把按营业额比率而定的商税并入到定额营业税的门摊课中，实现了两税合征。这次税制改革，既减轻了商人负担，又确保了国家的营业税收入，是中国古代税制改革一次较为成功的范例。     

我国体育界诚信缺失的成因分析及其对策研究

在我国体育运行机制向市场化转轨的进程中,体育界出现了较为严重的诚信缺失现象,这势必会对我国体育事业的可持续发展产生负面影响。根据我国经济文化背景、转轨过程中的体育管理机制以及体育界的激励机制,探讨了我国体育界诚信缺失的成因,在此基础上,提出了有针对性的治理措施。     

Portugal and the Mediterranean trade: A Prelude to the discovery of the “new world”

Before the century of great discoveries, and during most of the fifteenth century, the Portuguese developed important commercial activity in the Mediterranean. This is the central issue of this article as seen through two themes: the first is an assessment of the Portuguese organization of Mediterranean trade, with special attention given to the foodstuffs which were, and continued to be, a feature of such trade; and second, is to observe how Portuguese faced competition from others nations’ merchants in the region. The study of these two aspects will provide a better understanding of the re-orientation of Portuguese trade towards the Atlantic.     

后配额时期我国体育用品的发展

对后配额时期我国体育用品制造业的现状和存在的问题进行探讨,并针对贸易自由化给体育用品企业带来的机遇和挑战进行阐述,提出采取理性的出口策略,努力优化产品结构,加大科技投入,增加产品附加值,建立体育用品贸易摩擦预警机制,加大集约化力度,组建大型企业集团,借鉴发达国家经验、营造国际品牌形象的应对策略,进而促使我国体育用品业在新的形势下继续保持健康的发展态势。     

“国际贸易壁垒”——民营企业如何跨越

改革开放以来,民营企业积极开展跨国经营,呈现出起步晚、发展快、投资方式多元化、外贸依存度迅速提高等特点,但同时也面临着技术、道德、文化等多种贸易壁垒。要更好地实施"走出去"战略,民营企业应通过实施技术创新战略、绿色营销战略、本土化经营战略等多方培育核心竞争力,并同时发挥行业协会的服务协调功能和政府的宏观调控功能,营造良好的跨国经营外部环境。     

经济全球化对我国收入分配的影响

在生活水平提高的同时，我国居民收入差距扩大的问题日益突出。随着改革开放的深入，我国融入全球化的深度、广度在增强，将对我国收入差距的扩大产生重大影响。     

The Integration of Innovation Policies: The Case of Canada1

Innovation is by definition a complex process, but policies geared towards stimulating innovation have tended to focus too narrowly on the production of new knowledge—on the funding and performance of research and development. Successful innovation is a matter of the identification, application and diffusion of knowledge—of creativity. It is therefore not simply a function of gross investments in science nor is it a function of the new production of knowledge. Innovation becomes more than a matter of ‘science policy’ and increasingly a matter to be integrated into trade, investment, monetary, industrial, labor, tax and competition policies. Yet this is extremely problematic for governments interested in creating a ‘knowledge‐based economy’. The integration of innovation into the core raison d'?tre of traditional policy is key.     

INDUSTRY PROTECTION AND ADJUSTMENT: THE AUSTRALIAN EXPERIENCE

Australian industrial policy is primarily concerned with protecting the manufacturing sector by the use of tariffs and quotas. Over the last decade and a half successive governments have announced an intention to move towards lower tariffs. The result has been lower tariffs on average, but the introduction ofimport quotas in response to the 1974–75 recession has resulted in large increases in protection for the textile, clothing, footwear and motor vehicle industries. These sectors are covered by Industry Plans. There is a stated intention to liberalize trade, but for a decade the market share of imports has been fixed. On the basis of past experience, there is a low probability that significant trade liberalization will occur. Australian industrial policy has failed to create a more efficient manufacturing sector. It is reactive and has slowed the rate of structural change. It is a good example of the way in which initiatives to restrict trade flows by ‘temporary’ quotas — intended to provide a breathing space so an industry can reorganise and compete more effectively against imports — can result in import quotas becoming a near permanent feature of the economic environment. The Australian economy has also been subject to largeexchange rate appreciations. Our experience is that unusual appreciations bring to the forefront of structural change those industries which have already set out upon a path of long run decline. Once the appreciations have passed, these troubled industries are not placed back in their original position relative to imports.