Validity and Reliability of Three Self-Report Instruments for Assessing Attainment of Physical Activity Guidelines in University Students

The purpose of this study was to compare the validity and reliability of three short physical activity self-report instruments to determine their potential for use with university student populations. The participants (N = 155; 44.5% male; 22.9 ± 5.13 years) wore an accelerometer for 9 consecutive days and completed a single-item measure, the a brief two item measure and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form questionnaires on day 1 and 9. Correlations between self-reported and accelerometer derived moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels were moderate for the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form, while poor for the single-item measure and the a brief two item measure. The agreement level was high with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form (77.4%) and moderate for both the single-item measure (45.2 %) and a brief two item measure (44.5 %). The intraclass correlations between the two administrations were moderate to strong across all measures (0.52–0.70) in 133 participants. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form is the most suitable of these three self-report instruments for use with this population due to higher correlations and levels of agreement with accelerometry.     

西部大开发战略实施的转型升级效果评价*--采用合成控制法对技术进步和生态环境保护的考察

从技术进步和生态环境保护两方面切入,运用合成控制法对我国西部大开发战略实施的转型升级效果进行评价,分析结果表明：在技术进步方面,自西部大开发战略以来,西部地区总体的全要素生产率（TFP ）要高于合成西部地区,2000—2013年西部地区TFP 的年均增长率也高于合成西部地区,西部大开发战略的实施总体上促进了西部地区TFP的提高;在生态环境方面,西部地区的废气排放强度在2005年开始低于合成西部地区,废水排放强度在2010年开始低于合成西部地区,而固体废物排放强度持续高于合成西部地区,西部大开发战略的实施对西部地区生态环境的影响有正面的,也有负面,总体上看是积极的。进一步考虑生态环境的外部性及“中部崛起”和“振兴东北老工业基地”战略的实施等因素,西部大开发战略的实施对西部地区经济发展的转型升级是具有促进作用的。     

当今农业、农村环境新变化、新难题及治理对策研究*--重庆案例

重庆市农业、农村环境治理和保护,是推进生态文明建设,实现绿色发展、共享发展的重要环节,是建设长江上游生态屏障的面域支撑。重庆市未来时期农业、农村环境治理及保护形势较为严峻。根据重庆基本市情特征,农村发展态势对环境治理和保护带来的新的压力和威胁,以及未来面临的机遇及挑战。“十三五”期间,重庆市农业、农村环境治理和保护的总体思路是：共享为本,生态积累;乡城联动,全程渗透;创新驱动,多元集成。要着力构建产权清晰、多元参与、激励约束并重、系统完整的生态文明制度体系。     

城市河流的生态功能与生态化建设途径分析

河流在人类的生产生活中发挥着重要的作用,但目前我国由于城市化的快速发展,城市天然河流水系遭到较大破坏,引发了一系列的生态环境问题,已经和正在受到人们的广泛关注。为此,本文首先分析了城市河流的生态功能,然后以南京市为例,论述了城市化对天然河流的影响,探讨了城市河流的生态化建设途径。认为从生态学的角度认识河流、整治河流,维护并增强城市河流的生态结构和功能,是生态环境保护和河流整治达到双赢的新思路。     

Important Considerations for Assessment to Function in the Service of Education

Professor Gordon argues for a significant reorientation in the focus and impact of assessment in education. For the types of assessment activities that he advocates to prosper and positively impact education, serious attention must be paid to two important topics: (1) the conceptual underpinnings of the assessment practices we develop and use to support learning and instruction, and (2) the arguments and evidence we establish for their validity given the intended interpretive use. Such a focus highlights fundamental concepts that have long existed in the broader assessment literature – carefully defining and operationalizing our constructs and then validating the assessments of those constructs. What differs now are the conceptual frameworks, briefly outlined here, that can and must be used to guide both aspects of such work.     

“生态体育”教学模式下高校体育改革与可持续发展

为促进大学生的身心健康、个性发展,培养学生创新意识和创造能力,本文针对目前高校体育教学改革发展的现状,对现行体育教学模式进行了整合与创新,并运用教育学、生态学、心理学等多学科知识构建出“生态体育”教学模式。     

海南国际旅游岛背景下社会体育公共服务体系的构建研究

采用文献资料法对海南国际旅游岛背景下社会体育公共服务体系的构建进行探讨,研究认为:海南国际旅游岛背景下社会体育公共服务体系应该从生态休闲旅游服务建设、体育主题公园服务建设、"候鸟"老人社会体育公共服务建设三个维度进行构建,社会体育服务体系构建能有力的推进海南国际旅游的建设,且唤醒全民参与到体育运动之中。     

Is a single question of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) valid for measuring sedentary behaviour in the Chilean population?

A study was conducted to assess the validity of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) for measuring sedentary behaviour (SB) in the Chilean adult population. About 217 adults (93/124 male/female, 43.8 ± 15.75 years) who were randomly selected during National Health Survey 2009–2010 completed the protocol. The participants wore an ActiGraph GT3X (AG) for 7 consecutive days and then completed the GPAQ (single-item question for measuring time spent sitting in a usual day). Validity was examined using Spearman’s correlation, mean bias and limits of agreement (LoA), with AG (vertical axis <100 counts · min^?1) as the reference standard for estimates of SB in bouts of 1 (AG1), 5 (AG5) and 10 (AG10) min. Agreement between the GPAQ and AG for classifying data into quartiles and tertiles was assessed with kappa method. The GPAQ showed fair correlation with AG1, AG5 and AG10 (range = 0.23–0.26), with large mean biases (range = ?293.9, ?76.12 min · day^?1). Agreement between the GPAQ and AG1, AG5 and AG10 was poor for categorising time spent in SB into tertiles and quartiles. The single question from the GPAQ has shown fair validity for measuring SB and poor ability for correctly classifying individuals into tertiles or quartiles of SB in a Chilean population.     

Psychometric Properties of a Parental Questionnaire for Assessing Correlates of Toddlers’ Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior

This study examined the psychometric properties of a questionnaire developed with the guidance of the socialization model of child behaviour to understand modifiable correlates of toddlers’ physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Findings are based on 118 parents (33.7 ± 4.9 years; 86% female) of toddlers (19.3 ± 2.7 months; 48% female) from Edmonton, Canada in The Parents’ Role in Establishing healthy Physical activity and Sedentary behaviour habits study (PREPS). The PREPS questionnaire encompassed 21 variables across the constructs of the socialization model of child behaviour. Of the nine variables assessed for internal consistency reliability, eight had good (α ≥ 0.70) reliability. Of the 15 continuous variables assessed for 1-week test–retest reliability, 10 had moderate (intra-class correlation = 0.50–0.74) and 5 had good (intra-class correlation ≥ 0.75) reliability. Of the six categorical variables assessed for 1-week test–retest reliability, two had fair (К = 0.21–0.40), one had moderate (К = 0.41–0.60), one had substantial (К = 0.61–0.80), and two had almost perfect (К = 0.81–1.00) reliability. Of the 12 sedentary behaviour variables assessed for convergent validity, 7 were significantly correlated with children’s screen time, of which three were small (r ≤ 0.29), two were medium (r = 0.30–0.49), and two were large (r ≥ 0.50) effect sizes.