Evaluation of usage of virtual microscopy for the study of histology in the medical,dental, and veterinary undergraduate programs of a UK University

This article describes the introduction of a virtual microscope (VM) that has allowed preclinical histology teaching to be fashioned to better suit the needs of approximately 900 undergraduate students per year studying medicine, dentistry, or veterinary science at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom. Features of the VM implementation include: (1) the facility for students and teachers to make annotations on the digital slides; (2) in‐house development of VM‐based quizzes that are used for both formative and summative assessments; (3) archiving of teaching materials generated each year, enabling students to access their personalized learning resources throughout their programs; and (4) retention of light microscopy capability alongside the VM. Student feedback on the VM is particularly positive about its ease of use, the value of the annotation tool, the quizzes, and the accessibility of all components off‐campus. Analysis of login data indicates considerable, although variable, use of the VM by students outside timetabled teaching. The median number of annual logins per student account for every course exceeded the number of timetabled histology classes for that course (1.6–3.5 times). The total number of annual student logins across all cohorts increased from approximately 9,000 in the year 2007–2008 to 22,000 in the year 2010–2011. The implementation of the VM has improved teaching and learning in practical classes within the histology laboratory and facilitated consolidation and revision of material outside the laboratory. Discussion is provided of some novel strategies that capitalize on the benefits of introducing a VM, as well as strategies adopted to overcome some potential challenges. Anat Sci Educ 7: 389–398. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

Determination of clinically relevant content for a musculoskeletal anatomy curriculum for physical medicine and rehabilitation residents

To address the need for more clinical anatomy training in residency education, many postgraduate programs have implemented structured anatomy courses into their curriculum. Consensus often does not exist on specific content and level of detail of the content that should be included in such curricula. This article describes the use of the Delphi method to identify clinically relevant content to incorporate in a musculoskeletal anatomy curriculum for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) residents. A two round modified Delphi involving PM&R experts was used to establish the curricular content. The anatomical structures and clinical conditions presented to the expert group were compiled using multiple sources: clinical musculoskeletal anatomy cases from the PM&R residency program at the University of Toronto; consultation with PM&R experts; and textbooks. In each round, experts rated the importance of each curricular item to PM&R residency education using a five‐point Likert scale. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was used to determine consensus at the end of each round and agreement scores were used as an outcome measure to determine the content to include in the curriculum. The overall internal consistency in both rounds was 0.99. A total of 37 physiatrists from across Canada participated and the overall response rate over two rounds was 97%. The initial curricular list consisted of 361 items. After the second iteration, the list was reduced by 44%. By using a national consensus method we were able to objectively determine the relevant anatomical structures and clinical musculoskeletal conditions important in daily PM&R practice. Anat Sci Educ 7: 135–143. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

论人文主义哲学在高等教育中的文化角色变迁

人文主义哲学在高等教育史中的文化角色经历了从边缘到中心、从自我到他者的变易过程。人文主义与科学主义的矛盾演替,不仅影响了其文化角色的历史变迁,也造成了其在高等教育当下时空中的异化与悬空,其价值、理想、教育与空间正逐渐被科学功利主义及其衍生的“科学至上论”、“效率第一论”、“现代优越论”和“适者生存论”文化所异化。未来高等教育所亟需的,并不是人文主义哲学的虚幻繁荣,而应该是其文化角色的真实复归。     

黑龙江世居少数民族文化传承的教育对策

黑龙江世居少数民族学校在民族文化传承、民族文化教育自觉、民族文化教育政策落实、制度保障、课程建设、教学、师资队伍、民族文化教育研究等方面存在不同程度的问题与不足,应采取明确民族文化教育的定位,创新民族教育制度,加强民族文化课程开发,综合利用民族文化教育的途径,坚持民族语言教学,加强民族文化课程师资队伍建设等教育对策以促进黑龙江世居少数民族文化传承。     

高职院校社团文化育人功能提升路径

社团文化为大学生思想政治工作开辟了新领域和新载体,在一定程度上实现了与人才培养目标的有机结合。基于"90后"高职学生的个性特征和需求,高职院校社团文化育人实践中存在结构发展不平衡、联动机制不健全、资源整合不给力、特色打造不明显、激励措施不到位等短板和问题。为此,高职院校社团文化育人功能的提升需要进一步优化社团结构、建立联动机制、整合现有资源、强化示范引领、完善激励机制。     

基于组织特征的独立学院教育质量保障分析

独立学院的组织起源、组织结构、组织制度、组织属性等方面具有明显的特征,这给独立学院教育质量保障既带来了积极的影响,也带来了消极的影响.独立学院必须针对组织特征完善教育质量保障系统,不断提高教育质量.     

论教育共同体的内涵与构建原则

在教育改革不断深化的大背景下,教育共同体的构建与完善被赋予了新的意蕴.教育共同体的内涵特征十分鲜明：具有关联性,以共同的精神信仰、一致的教育目标为支撑,是本质意志的结合体;规则、制度的维系是教育共同体运行的必要条件;教育共同体以开放共享、自治为特征.同时,构建教育共同体的主要原则包括：保障共同利益;注重个性教育,保持教育共同体的自身活力;民主建设是重构现代公共生活,创设真正的教育共同体的必经之路.     

材料成形原理课程教学模式探讨

为提高材料成形原理教学效果,从课程定位、教学内容、教学方法、考核形式四个方面对教学模式进行探讨。通过建立以学生为主体的开放式互动教学模式,同时结合案例教学和因材施教方针,确立实践教学环节在学习中的重要地位,采用多元化的考核方式,充分调动学生学习的积极主动性,激发学生的学习兴趣,大幅度提高学生的学习效率。     

通过大学生创新性实验计划提高学生创新能力

国家大学生创新性实验计划是高等学校本科教学质量与教学改革工程的重要组成部分。结合近几年指导创新性实验计划的经验和体会,从项目选题、学生选择、项目指导等方面分析了对项目开展有重要影响的因素。     

教育分流视角下高职教育发展的优化路径研究

高职教育的发展现状及表现特征,与主导高等教育分流的国家政策紧密相关。目前,由于我国高等教育分流手段不完善、终身教育体制没有实现贯通、高职教育的发展水平有待提高以及传统观念束缚的影响,我国高等教育分流中“职普比”失衡现象依然存在。通过借鉴教育分流的理念,梳理我国高职教育在教育分流方面存在的问题,进而尝试对我国高职教育发展的路径提出优化建议。