Childhood trauma and neighborhood-level crime interact in predicting adult posttraumatic stress and major depression symptoms

Previous research has identified several individual-level factors that modify the risk of childhood trauma on adult psychiatric symptoms, including symptoms of major depression (MD) and posttraumatic stress (PTS). Neighborhood-level factors also influence the impact of individual-level exposures on adult psychopathology. However, no prior studies to our knowledge have explored cross-level interactions between childhood trauma and neighborhood-level factors on MD and PTS symptoms. The purpose of this study was therefore to explore cross-level interactions between a neighborhood-level factor – neighborhood-level crime – and childhood trauma on MD and PTS symptoms. Participants in this study (N = 3192) were recruited from a large public hospital, and completed self-report inventories of childhood trauma and MD and PTS symptoms. Participant addresses were mapped onto 2010 census tracts, and data on crime within each tract were collected. Multilevel models found a significant cross-level interaction between childhood trauma and neighborhood crime on MD symptoms, such that the influence of high levels of childhood trauma on MD symptoms was enhanced for participants living in high-crime neighborhoods. Supplementary analyses found variation in the strength of cross-level interaction terms by types of childhood trauma and crime, with the strongest associations including emotional neglect paired with personal and property crime. The results provide preliminary support for interventions that help childhood trauma survivors find housing in less vulnerable neighborhoods and build skills to cope with neighborhood crime.     

沪深股市证券投资组合的实证研究

1996年5月6日至12月6日,我国股市正处于价值回归阶段,股份的信息含量较高,选择这一区间沪深股市各30只股票作样本数据,是迄今为止进行证券投资组合研究的最佳原始资料。若以均值－方差模型为理论基础、以二次规划为研究工具,在上述样本股范围内沪深股市各打出13组有效资产组合,并能勾画出沪深股市各自的有效边界以及由沪深股市有效边界共同构成的“新有效边界”。在此基础上则可对沪深股市有效边界及“新有效边界、的范围和特点、投资的最佳证券组合的变化及其相应折市场选择策略、有效证券组合的市场表面等问题作更深入的探讨。     

可见光谱法研究铜锌超氧化物歧化酶与精氨酸钴(Ⅱ)的相互作用

采用可见光谱（ＶＩＳ）及酶活性测定等方法,研究铜锌超氧化歧化酶 （Ｃｕ_２Ｚｎ_２ＳＯＤ）与精氨酸钴（Ⅱ）（Ｃｏ（Ａｒｇ）ｎ）的直接相互作用以及外加精氨酸钻（Ⅱ）的量、溶液ｐＨ值对此类相互作用的影响．结果发现：在水溶液中原酶活性中心处的Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）离子可被外加的精氨酸钻（Ⅱ）部分诱导、交换出来,而溶液中外加的 Ｃｏ（Ａｒｇ）ｎ中的 Ｃｏ（ Ⅱ）进入酶的活性中心,形成“Ｃｏ－ＳＯＤ”酶衍生物,并相应影响了酶的催化活性．与此同时,外加精氨酸钴（Ⅱ）的量、溶液ｐＨ值对此类相互作用进行有重要的影响．     

论董仲舒的天人观

董仲舒从自然,神性、人伦等方面论述了天的含义,并在此基础上,建构起他的一种独特的定宙模式。在这一定宙中,天、人乃至万物都是同源同类,它们以气中为中介,人循在应人事,相互感应,形成了从天地自然到人伦世事的一个完整世界。     

‘Children’s clans’; social organisation and interpretive reconstruction as aspects on development of peer-groups in outdoor play

The focus of this article is children’s self-organisation of peer-groups through play. The play was initiated by encounters with the environment. The use of ethnographic methods in early childhood research has proved helpful to elucidate, interpret, and understand children’s experiences and the creation of meaning in their everyday lives. This inquiry draws on field notes, informal conversations with the children, and photos from a study of kindergarten children’s experiences of outdoor places and landscapes in Norway. Going out of doors together with the children regularly over a period of 10 months revealed aspects of how children’s interactions in play connect to their use of natural landscapes and its place in peer-group social organisation. The data are presented as ‘narrative maps’ and episodes written as ‘emplotted’ narratives.     

基于LPC1752和ATT7022C的三相智能仪表的设计

随着我国经济的高速发展,电力已然成为我国最重要的能源.为了满足我国新能源的建设需求,设计了一种三相智能仪表.该仪表主要采用了高精度三相电能专用计量芯片ATT7022C以及飞利浦公司的LPC1752,本智能仪表集电能采集、显示、通信于一体,同时具备DSP的高效计算能力.实现了智能仪表的多功能、人机交互、纯软件校表等优点,具有很高的使用价值.     

CD-ROM talking books: what do they promise?

This study describes one teacher's use of multimedia, specifically CD-ROM talking books, in the classroom. The goal of the investigation was to reveal and analyse how a primary (Grade 3) teacher integrated CD-ROM books into her curriculum. Issues emerging from the study included how features of the software interact with features of classrooms, how patterns of instruction are affected by the infusion of technology, and how students interact with the software, and each other, while reading the CD- ROM books     

智慧学习环境下学习画面情感的自适应调整

为了在智慧学习环境下实现自适应情感交互,文章首先构建了基于学习者情感的学习画面情感自适应调整模型,并依托此模型开发了原型系统。随后,文章以济南市X中学的98名学生为研究对象,采用准实验研究法,通过学习者情感所占比例分析和问卷数据统计分析,验证了文章提出的假设成立,即智慧学习环境下学习画面情感自适应调整能够提高学习过程中学习者积极情感所占的比例,并能激发学习者的学习兴趣。在智慧学习环境下自适应调整学习画面情感,为解决智慧学习环境情感层面的自适应交互问题提供了新的思路与方法。     

混龄走班游戏中无结构小组对幼儿同伴交往的影响

同伴交往是幼儿社会学习的重要内容。混龄走班游戏有助于创设一种无结构小组活动形式,有利于促进不同年龄幼儿在游戏过程中的自由结伴、协同合作与交往沟通。为探究此种无结构小组对幼儿同伴交往行为的具体影响,本研究采取观察法与访谈法,对实施混龄走班游戏的H市B园进行研究,结果发现,在B园实施混龄走班游戏之后,由于幼儿在这一游戏模式下能够组成无结构小组,所以他们更偏向于选择积极的同伴交往策略,在交往方式的选择上也呈现出多样化的特点,幼儿的游戏体验以正面和积极的体验为主,不同年龄、不同性别幼儿之间能够形成交往默契与协同合作意识,促使交往多朝着成功的方向发展。社会网络分析结果进一步表明班级幼儿没有形成以某些幼儿为中心的社交活动模式,相反,每个幼儿都能在同伴交往中找准自己的位置,积极参与到各种活动中,形成了多个相对独立的团聚子群,同时又通过群体共享成员紧密联系在一起。幼儿园应创设具有无结构小组特征的游戏环境,激发幼儿的交往热情,正确发挥教师的引导作用,提升幼儿的交往水平。     

试论打造信息技术高效课堂的策略

信息技术课程实践性、操作性较强,旨在培养学生收集、存储、处理、评价、发布信息的基本能力。信息技术教师应以提高课堂教学质量为切入点,注重创设适合的教学情境,调动学生学习积极性,注重采用合适的教学方法,发挥学生在教学中的主导作用,注重科学评价,提高学生综合能力,以打造信息技术高效课堂,实现既定的教学目标。