The client company marginally utilises the knowledge of highly skilled temporary staff

This study is based on the presumption that there is often an underuse of temporary staff in client companies (CC) with highly skilled professionals. The study combines theories of the flexible organisation and a sociocultural perspective on learning within the framework of an inter-organisational context. The data are based partly on 17 transcribed, semi-structured interviews with individuals in various types of health care and social services. The data are also based on two semi-structured focus group interviews with managers responsible for hiring social workers, nurses and doctors in two different temporary work agencies (TWA) as well as semi-structured focus group interviews with eight managers from a large health care organisation. The results show that CCs only use a limited amount of the highly skilled personnel’s capacity and exclude preconditions for taking over and absorbing knowledge from temporary workers. This contradicts the idea that staffing allows temps to increase their skills and enhance their employability. In addition, both TWA and the CC pronounce an interest in and readiness for deepening the business relationships between them, but they claim the other is responsible for initiation. The results reflect information not only about temporary workers with higher education but also the new business relationship between TWA and CC in the form of combined skills and workplace validation.     

Using the known to chart the unknown: A review of first-language influence on the development of English-as-a-second-language spelling skill

Currently, there is a practical demand and necessity for research on how English-as-a-second language (ESL) learners acquire literacy skills, such as spelling. One important issue of this research agenda is how ESL learners apply first-language knowledge to learning to spell in English. Twenty-seven studies were reviewed that investigated the influence of the first language on ESL learners’ development of English spelling skill. Evidence was found for both positive and negative transfer of first-language knowledge and processes to ESL learners’ English spelling. These results are in agreement with theoretical propositions about the interdependence between first- and second-language academic skills [e.g., Cummins, J. (1981). In California State Department of Education (Ed.), Schooling and language minority students: A theoretical framework (pp. 3–49). Los Angeles: Evaluation, Dissemination, and Assessment Center, California State University, Los Angeles]. The findings are discussed in relation to the ESL learner’s first-language proficiency level and distance between first language and English. Comparisons are drawn between ESL learners’ and English monolinguals’ spelling development and suggestions for future research are provided.     

语言迁移与广西粤方言区学生英语语音习得

通过对广西粤方言区的30名大学生的测查实验分析,实验,母语为粤方言的学生在英语语音学习过程中因为母语负迁移而造成学习英语的诸多障碍。为了改善粤方言区学生学习英语语言学习现状,应该根据语音习得的特点进行英汉对比、创造语言环境、培养良好的学习动机。     

地质类专业野外实习教学中学生角色的转换——以2011年秭归教学实习为例

本文以2011年秭归专业教学实习为例,提出地质类专业野外实习教学中角色转换教学方法,突出学生在专业教学实习中的重要地位,以学生为主角,以问题为导向,充分发挥学生的主动性和创造性,取得良好的教学效果。     

内蒙古西部方言对英语语音学习的影响

该文依据语言迁移理论和方言发音特点,探讨了内蒙古西部方言对方言区学生英语语音学习的消极影响,并针对一些问题给出相应的解决策略,以期在教学中有的放矢,有目的地提高本地学生语音水平。     

The Post-Modern Student

Abstract

The differences between present-day post-modern students and educators from older generations require changes in educational approach, but also challenge post-modern trends. Students' postmodern experiences may lead them to seek individuality among diverse sources of identity, seeing knowledge as a throwaway consumption good, and education promotes flexibility and “edutainment.” However, professional education trains people for structured managerialist organisations and the accumulation of shared professional knowledge. Social work education needs to be reframed as a process of emergence in which educators and students work jointly to create knowledge and identity in their professional area. To operate in an increasingly complex and changing society, students need to create a strong professional identity and learn how to transfer knowledge and values from one situation to another. In this way, social work education connects with the Danish managerial concept of “chaos pilots” in which students are prepared to deal with cultural and social change.     

合理行动理论视角下农户土地经营权流转意愿及其影响因素分析

以合理行动理论（TRA）为依据,基于河南省726户农户的调查数据,运用结构方程模型（ SEM ）对农户土地经营权流转意愿及其影响因素进行了实证分析。结果表明,农户行为态度、主观规范、感知行为控制对土地经营权流转意愿有显著影响,农户土地经营权流转决策理性仍然处于由“生存理性”时期至“价值理性”时期的过渡阶段,家人意见及已流转者的意见对农户土地经营权流转决策有显著正向影响。因此,农村生产用地流转政策制定要注意区分不同阶层农户特点,并与我国现阶段农户多样化的潜在需求相适应。     

进城农民工就业培训管理问题及对策

进城农民工就业培训存在管理不完善、培训效果不理想、培训所需的经费没有较固定的来源等问题。为了较好地解决这些问题,可以采取以下措施：第一,完善农民工就业培训管理。加强进城农民工组织化;建立多层次培训模式,满足不同群体的培训需求;完善农民工就业培训监督管理制度。第二,消除社会排斥,优化培训供给效能。加大宣传,营造培训氛围;培训机制优化,资金使用效率提高;建立多元化的农民工培训经费筹措机制实施多元化的培训补贴方式;合理利用社会力量培训资源,引入竞争机制。第三、完善配套措施,保障培训福利供给效能发挥。政府应建立相应的农民工就业培训配套措施;逐步建立和完善就业准入制度;逐步完善农民工就业培训的宏观政策和法律法规。     

相转移催化在有机化工生产中的应用

相转移催化是一种有机合成新方法,在有机化工生产的烃化反应、亲核取代反应、加成及缩合反应,二氯卡宾的形成及反应、氧化还原等方面得到了广泛应用,本文对其进行了简述。     

The effects of first language orthographic features on word recognition processing in English as a second language

This study investigated the possible effects of first language (L1) orthographic characteristics on word recognition in English as a second language (ESL). Case alternation was used to examine the impact of visually distorted words of different types on fluent ESL readers' word recognition in naming. Visual distortion of word shape (i.e., cAsE aLtErNaTiOn) was utilized because, although visually distorted words have lost word-shape cues, they preserve the cue value of words (i.e., spelling patterns). It, therefore, was hypothesized that if one is sensitive to alphabetic orthography, or if one's inner mechanism of processing an alphabetic word is efficient, then the visual disruption of word-shape cues should not affect one's sensitivity to sequences of letters in words. In other words, this study focused on the magnitude of the effect of case alternation in word recognition as an index of the sensitivity to alphabetic words. Results showed that the magnitude of the case alternation effect in a naming task was significantly larger for the ESL participants whose L1 is not alphabetic (i.e., Chinese and Japanese) than the ESL participants whose L1 is alphabetic (i.e., Iranians -- Persian as L1). This result seems to indicate that the Persian speakers, due to the facilitating influence of their L1 orthography, were less influenced by case alternation than the Chinese and Japanese speakers, whose L1 orthographies are not alphabetic. This finding suggests that the first language orthographic features affect the orthographic coding mechanisms (i.e., word recognition mechanisms) in a second language.