认同问题与跨界民族的认同

当前,认同问题的研究引人注目,特别是跨界民族认同与民族地区稳定联系起来,具有突出的政治意义。然而,人们研究方法受"多元文化意识"的影响,没有抓住认同意识的根本属性,以为"民族认同和国家认同的矛盾将长期存在",人为地把两个不同属性和不同层次的认同对立起来,引起混乱。本文以跨界民族认同作为讨论的核心,强调中国跨界民族在国家认同问题上的特殊性,意在反思当前认同问题研究存在的一些误区,厘清民族认同和国家认同的关系和研究的思路,把问题的实质引向为现实服务。     

A framework for scaffolding students' assessment of the credibility of evidence

Assessing the credibility of evidence in complex, socio‐scientific problems is of paramount importance. However, there is little discussion in the science education literature on this topic and on how students can be supported in developing such skills. In this article, we describe an instructional design framework, which we call the Credibility Assessment Framework, to scaffold high school students' collaborative construction of evidence‐based decisions and their assessment of the credibility of evidence. The framework was employed for the design of a web‐based reflective inquiry environment on a socio‐scientific issue, and was enacted with 11th grade students. The article describes the components of the Credibility Assessment Framework and provides the details and results of an empirical study illustrating this framework in practice. The results are presented in the form of a case study of how 11th grade students investigated and evaluated scientific data relating to the cultivation of genetically modified plants. Multiple kinds of data were collected, including pre‐ and post‐tests of students' conceptual understanding and their skills in assessing the credibility of evidence, and videotapes of students' collaborative inquiry sessions. The analysis of the pre‐ and post‐tests on students' conceptual understanding of Biotechnology and their skills in assessing the credibility of evidence revealed statistically significant learning gains. Students' work in task‐related artifacts and the analysis of two groups' videotaped discussions showed that students became sensitive to credibility criteria, questioned the sources of data and correctly identified sources of low, moderate, and high credibility. Implications for designers and educators regarding the application of this framework are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 48: 711–744, 2011     

美国经济崛起时期自主创新的成功经验与启示

美国在19世纪末和20世纪初的经济崛起是在高关税保护、排斥外国直接投资和内向型经济的条件下实现的。美国的闭关锁国政策之所以铸就了自主创新的辉煌,主要归功于四个重要的因素:扶植和保护民族产业的基本国策;以收入均等化为特征的广阔国内市场规模;以内部改善、装备制造业的关键性作用和农业创新体系等为特点的国家创新体系;以新技术经济范式和战略性新兴产业为核心的组织创新。自主创新是我国的基本国策,内需为主导的经济发展新模式是我国转变经济发展方式的核心所在,美国在经济崛起时期自主创新的成功经验给我们提供了重要的历史借鉴。     

Effects of person versus process praise on student motivation: stability and change in emerging adulthood

This study examined the effects of person praise and process praise on college students’ motivation and how these effects change as students progress through their undergraduate years. Hundred and eleven college students worked on three puzzle tasks and received either person praise, process praise, or no praise. Following subsequent failure, students reported on their intrinsic motivation, perceived competence, performance attributions and contingent self-worth. Results indicated that process praise enhances intrinsic motivation and perceived competence more than person praise, and that these effects vary as students advance toward their degree. While person praise decreased motivation for sophomores and juniors, process praise increased motivation for seniors; freshmen reported no significant differences in their motivation. Implications for classroom practice and the need for research that considers developmental differences within college samples are discussed.     

对当前中国“三农”问题的几点认识

中国农业的基础性地位及其所处的从传统农业向现代农业转化的发展阶段和产业化内容决定了农村改革的主体、地权制度和乡村管理制度,也同时决定了中国现代农业的道路选择。     

论长篇小说《繁华都市的新市民》揭露出来的社会问题

本文通过对维吾尔族作家阿布都热合曼·卡哈尔的长篇小说《繁华都市的新市民》主题思想、人物塑造的分析,探讨小说所透射出的维吾尔当代社会的各种问题。     

普通高校高水平运动队发展中部分热点问题探析

文章采用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法,对中国高校高水平运动队的发展现状进行研究,总结和分析高水平运动队在建设管理中的部分热点问题;并就未来发展提出一些改革措施和方法,以期能为高校高水平运动队的管理提供新的理论参考,推动高校高水平运动队持续、健康、快速的发展。     

培育战略性新兴产业 抢占经济发展制高点

莱州市作为《黄河三角洲高效生态经济区规划》“一带四点四区”的重要组成部分,占有非常重要的地位.要把莱州建设成为黄河三角洲开发的桥头堡,必须把培育战略性新兴产业作为转方式、调结构的突破口.结合莱州的产业基础、支撑条件和环境容量,在兼顾“富民”与“强市”双重目标的前提下,重点培育发展具有莱州特色的战略性新兴产业.     

工程心理学作用、地位和进展

工程心理学研究人机系统中人的心理特征、行为规律以及人与机器和环境的相互作用。作为一门较新的心理学分支学科,正随着当今社会信息化程度的提高而逐渐被人们所重视。本文概括性地介绍了工程心理学的研究对象、核心科学问题及其在国内外的发展历程。从作业者的认知操作与工作绩效,情境意识、心理负荷与自动化,以及人机交互这三个工程心理学研究的主要领域对其研究内容与进展进行了介绍,并对学科研究方法的进展及其在工业产品设计与军事领域的应用进行了总结。最后,本文从理论和应用两方面对未来工程心理学的发展提出了建议和展望。     

典型国家(地区)使能技术发展战略的共性特征分析及对我国的启示

近年来,一些发达国家陆续出台了使能技术发展的国家战略,强调在国家层面推动使能技术的创新。由于这些使能技术与我国战略性新兴产业发展所需的核心关键技术具有相似的内涵,因此国外使能技术发展战略的一些共性做法可以对我国推动战略性新兴产业技术创新有所启示。在分析苏格兰、欧盟以及澳大利亚使能技术的发展战略及内涵的基础上,对三个国家使能技术发展战略的一些共性特征进行归纳分析,并结合上述分析针对我国战略性新兴产业的技术创新提出若干建议。