技术引进与自主研发对经济增长的影响——基于知识产权保护视角

中国正在实施创新驱动发展战略,应进一步关注促进经济增长的技术创新的两大途径：技术引进与自主研发。若实现了技术引进与自主研发的途径整合,则有益于缩小技术差距,但整合过程不会自发演进,需有良好的制度环境;仅是技术模仿,无自主研发创新,无法缩小技术差距。技术具有外溢性,不同的知识产权保护水平下,存在不同程度的非正式的技术转移以及不同的技术引进难度。以知识产权交易强度为门槛变量,结合门槛模型对比分析发现,2001-2015年整体上技术引进对中国经济增长的促进作用比自主研发更显著;知识产权交易规模的扩大以及低知识产权交易强度下的技术引进与自主研发,对中国经济增长的促进作用更加明显;严重的专利侵权会阻碍经济增长。知识产权保护力度不足时,技术创新领域的市场失灵严重,即使短期对经济增长的促进作用较为明显,但长期由于自主创新的匮乏,将不利于经济增长。     

中国省域能源绿色发展评价实证研究——以河南省为例

构建包括能源生产结构、能源消费结构、电能替代与清洁能源替代、节能降耗、环境协调性等五个维度的能源绿色评价模型,以河南省为例,运用熵值法对2008-2017年河南省能源绿色发展水平进行测度,表明河南能源绿色发展水平整体上升,电能替代和清洁替代评价值年均增速最快,自2013年后,对河南能源绿色发展贡献度最大;能源生产结构和消费结构评价值提升幅度较小;节能降耗一直是能源绿色发展水平提升的重要支撑,并与环境协调性维度具有较大相关性。     

Business models shifts: Impact of Covid-19

No amount of crystal ball gazing may help us fathom the full impact of the Covid-19 (C-19) crisis on business organizations in a distinct manner. Given the lack of precedence, any such analyses seem to demand routine revisions as we progress further up the “number of infected” curve. Most countries of the world have imposed restrictions on social congregations or even people working in close proximity to each other. Industries that produce and deliver information products and services therefore, have continued to function while those that manufacture physical products especially labor-intensive firms were forced to minimize operations or temporarily shut down. However, in most countries, physical products which were essential in nature were reluctantly permitted to be manufactured given the need for them in people’s everyday life. In this viewpoint, I draw upon three dimensions – information intensity of product/service, information intensity of process/value chain; along with a third dimension – essential nature of the product/service to help understand the immediate implications of C-19. I also present some anecdotal evidences of attempts to alter business models in these circumstances in order to address the challenges that certain product characteristics impose but at the same capitalize on the business opportunities presented by the essentiality of the products.     

基于DISLab的两个热学实验设计

本文利用数字化信息实验系统,对大气压影响水的沸点实验和做功改变气体内能两个实验进行了创新设计,实现实验现象与数据显示、图像处理等多模显示同步。学生在实验操作过程中,通过对比实验现象和多模显示内容,能够更加容易地得出相应的实验结论,改变了传统实验中实验现象与数据分析分离的问题。     

Paving the road toward the use of β-Fe2O3 in solar water splitting: Raman identification,phase transformation and strategies for phase stabilization

Although β-Fe₂O₃ has a high theoretical solar-to-hydrogen efficiency because of its narrow band gap, the study of β-Fe₂O₃ photoanodes for water splitting is elusive as a result of their metastable nature. Raman identification of β-Fe₂O₃ is theoretically and experimentally investigated in this study for the first time, thus clarifying the debate about its Raman spectrum in the literature. Phase transformation of β-Fe₂O₃ to α-Fe₂O₃ was found to potentially take place under laser and electron irradiation as well as annealing. Herein, phase transformation of β-Fe₂O₃ to α-Fe₂O₃ was inhibited by introduction of Zr doping, and β-Fe₂O₃ was found to withstand a higher annealing temperature without any phase transformation. The solar water splitting photocurrent of the Zr-doped β-Fe₂O₃ photoanode was increased by 500% compared to that of the pure β-Fe₂O₃ photoanode. Additionally, Zr-doped β-Fe₂O₃ exhibited very good stability during the process of solar water splitting. These results indicate that by improving its thermal stability, metastable β-Fe₂O₃ film is a promising photoanode for solar water splitting.     

A highly alkaline-stable metal oxide@metal–organic framework composite for high-performance electrochemical energy storage

Most metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) hardly maintain their physical and chemical properties after exposure to alkaline aqueous solutions, thus precluding their use as potential electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage devices. Here, we present the design and synthesis of a highly alkaline-stable metal oxide@MOF composite, Co₃O₄ nanocube@Co-MOF (Co₃O₄@Co-MOF), via a controllable and facile one-pot hydrothermal method under highly alkaline conditions. The obtained composite possesses exceptional alkaline stability, retaining its original structure in 3.0 M KOH for at least 15 days. Benefitting from the exceptional alkaline stability, unique structure, and larger surface area, the Co₃O₄@Co-MOF composite shows a specific capacitance as high as 1020 F g⁻¹ at 0.5 A  g⁻¹ and a high cycling stability with only 3.3% decay after 5000 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹. The as-constructed solid-state flexible device exhibits a maximum energy density of 21.6 mWh cm⁻³.     

运动调节肝脏能量代谢与抑郁症发病机制研究

抑郁症是一种常见的精神障碍性疾病,有研究表明肝脏能量代谢障碍与抑郁症发病密切相关。运动干预作为抑郁症的一种辅助治疗手段,其效果已得到认可和证实,然而作用机制尚未完全阐明。综述以运动调节肝脏能量代谢为主线,结合抑郁症的发病机理,阐明了抑郁症肝脏线粒体能量代谢障碍和运动干预改善抑郁症及肝脏能量代谢的积极效益,为抑郁症的运动疗法提供理论依据和实践参考。     

东北亚能源共同体的宗旨与原则——国际组织法视角的探析

从国际组织法的角度出发,深入分析建立东北亚能源共同体的必要性、可行性及其意义.东北亚能源共同体应是一个具有独立国际法律人格的国际组织,其宗旨和原则皆围绕促进东北亚能源合作、维持东北亚能源安全这一目标展开.东北亚能源共同体的构建必须符合公认的国际法准则.以国际法的原则、规则和制度为基础构建东北亚能源合作法律新秩序理应成为东北亚各国的共同追求.     

增程式混合动力集装箱龙门起重机能量智能控制策略

针对集装箱龙门起重机的具体工况需求和特点,构建一种适用于集装箱龙门起重机的增程式混合动力系统,提出并分析该动力系统的能量智能控制策略,设计相应的智能控制模型.通过以动力电池组的荷电状态（State Of Charge, SOC）和集装箱龙门起重机运行能量需求为模糊输入,以动力电池组的充电功率为模糊输出,实现了对增程式混合动力系统的智能控制.仿真结果验证了该控制策略和控制模型的可行性和有效性.     

基于微博数据的中原城市群空间联系强度测度

空间联系强度是城市群发展阶段、态势、功能定位的重要表征.在大数据背景下,随着移动终端的普及和网络联系平台的广泛使用,人流在不同地区的空间移动能够得到较准确的统计和表达.在总结以往城市群空间联系研究方法的基础上,提出一种新的基于微博数据判别城市之间空间联系强度的方法,弥补了由于缺乏城际通勤数据而导致的传统空间联系强度判别方法的不足.新方法可以较准确地判别城市群地区各个城市的空间联系强度与组织类型.