北京奥运会"人文奥运"新理念内涵探析

“人文奥运”是北京举办2008年奥运会的三大理念之一，也是北京2008年奥运会提出的新理念，它是奥林匹克运动的核心和灵魂。本文探讨以下4个问题：“人文奥运”新理念内涵的3种解释，“人文奥运”新理念内涵解释的选择，“人文奥运”新理念内涵的理解和“人文奥运”面临的挑战。     

论综合运输体系的效率标准——兼论运价在综合运输体系中的作用

本文提出了衡量综合运输体系的三个效率标准,即货运弹性与货运强度标准、经济里程与平均运距标准和优势资源利用率标准;根据上述标准,作者在实证考察我国综合运输体系效率的基础上,指出应当让运价即市场在运输方式的配置中发挥主导作用,并从运价调整的依据、目标与方式几方面提出了具体建议。     

"六段式"体育课结构改革的实验研究

立足于高校体育课程教学改革,从优化体育课的教学过程、提高课堂教学质量出发,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、教学实验法,对"六段式"体育课结构进行了改革试验,并验证了新的体育课结构模式的教学效果和实用价值.     

吸高氧对赛艇运动员大强度运动后血乳酸、酸碱度的影响

观察赛艇运动员运动后吸入高氧对乳酸(La)、碳酸氢根离子(HCO3^-)和pH值的影响，实验使用测功仪，在15min内划完4000m的运动负荷，测试吸氧量(VO2)、心率(HR)、血La、血pH值和HCO3^-浓度。结果表明，吸氧组与不吸氧组相比，吸氧组血La、pH值恢复得较快，并在运动后5、10min有显性差异；同样吸氧组HCO3^-恢复得较快，且在运动后20、30min有显性差异。结果提示，运动后吸氧可能改善体内酸性环境，加快乳酸的消除，有助于机体的恢复。     

体育锻炼的选择对治疗焦虑的影响

焦虑是一种常见的不良情绪体验 ,通过体育锻炼可以达到对焦虑的治疗作用。体育锻炼的各种特征 ,如活动类型、强度、持续时间等都会对焦虑的治疗效应产生重要影响。因此 ,必须具体问题具体分析 ,因人而异 ,不同的人选择不同的锻炼方法 ,才有可能使体育锻炼治疗焦虑取得最大的效果。     

Scale and Translation Invariant Collaborative Filtering Systems

Collaborative filtering systems are prediction algorithms over sparse data sets of user preferences. We modify a wide range of state-of-the-art collaborative filtering systems to make them scale and translation invariant and generally improve their accuracy without increasing their computational cost. Using the EachMovie and the Jester data sets, we show that learning-free constant time scale and translation invariant schemes outperforms other learning-free constant time schemes by at least 3% and perform as well as expensive memory-based schemes (within 4%). Over the Jester data set, we show that a scale and translation invariant Eigentaste algorithm outperforms Eigentaste 2.0 by 20%. These results suggest that scale and translation invariance is a desirable property.     

Screening for risk of low energy availability in athletic and recreationally active females in Ireland

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Low energy availability (LEA) results in physiological adaptations, which can contribute to unfavourable health outcomes. Little information exists on risk of LEA in active individuals competing in different sports or levels of competition. The aims of this study were to (1) identify risk of LEA in females competing at different levels of competition and (2) investigate associations between risk of LEA, illness and dietary habits. Methods: The validated questionnaire, ‘Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire’ was distributed online (November 2016–February 2017) to assess risk of LEA. Twenty-nine additional questions collected information on demographics, illness history and dietary habits. Participants were considered at risk of LEA if they attained a score of?≥?8 and were grouped into: (i) international; (ii) provincial/inter-county; (iii) competitive; and (iv) recreationally active. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used to explore differences between those at risk or not at risk of LEA. Results: Risk of LEA was identified in 40% (n?=?331) of 833 participants and was 1.7 and 1.8 times more likely in international and provincial/inter-county athletes compared to those who were recreationally active (International: odds ratios (OR) 1.68, 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) 1.12–2.54; Provincial/inter-county: OR 1.83, 95%CI 1.20–2.77). In participants at risk of LEA, missing >22 days of training during the previous year due to illness occurred 3 times more frequently (OR 3.01, 95%CI 1.81–5.02). Conclusion: Risk of LEA was widespread in this heterogeneous sample. Awareness of LEA and the development of appropriate energy management strategies to ensure athlete health across levels of competition are required.     

中印两国勘探开发境外能源战略比较研究

由于中国和印度都面对着同样的国际环境,且基本国情相似,特别是在能源安全方面都面临着相同或相似的问题,即近年来经济呈现高速和持续增长,能源问题,尤其是石油问题已成为制约中印经济发展的最大瓶颈,中印都积极面向全球部署本国的能源战略,为迅猛增长的经济谋求充足的能源保障。我国的能源战略应向石油进口渠道多样化及多方面与石油输出国乃至消费国加强合作的途径发展。     

P-V图与热力学第一定律中的诸量

通过讨论热力学系统在准静态过程ΔE、A、Q诸量与P－V图中过程曲线之间的关系，可直接从P—V图上判断内能的增减、做功正负及热量交换的方向。     

发菜分布区生态特征分析

根据文献资料和作者多年的研究,对发菜产地的自然环境,例如风、湿度、光线、温度和土壤等地貌特征,进行了综述。分析比较了藻体在休眠期和生长期中,各生态因素的主要不同点,并对微小生物环境对生长的影响做了剖析。最后,阐述了发菜的节律性生长与各生态因素的节律性变化的关系。