Removal of Organic Acids from Indoor Air in Museum Storage Rooms by Active and Passive Sorption Techniques

ABSTRACT

Adsorbent materials can be used for the removal of organic acids from air in storage rooms with heritage collections. The organic acid removal efficiency of two commercially available activated carbon air-filters were tested in situ in two unoccupied stores with densely packed collections. One filter was designed for outdoor type pollutants (Filter A), while the other was designed for organic acids in indoor air (Filter B). Furthermore, the acetic acid removal efficiency of a desiccant silica gel rotor used for dehumidification was measured in a laboratory at different relative humidity levels. Finally, passive removal of acetic acid by silica gel and unfired clay brick were tested in a chamber, and for clay brick at room level as well. Filter B had the highest removal efficiency. The removal efficiency of both filter types depended on the airflow and the filter performance varied considerably in situ from the values reported from standard laboratory tests. Increasing the filter airflow reduced the removal efficiency from 77% and down to 7% for Filter A, and from 92% to 24% for Filter B. There was almost no effect of active air filtration on the concentration of organic acids when this was measured in the middle and in the corner of the storage rooms away from the ventilation inlets. The desiccant dehumidifier removed 98–100% of the acetic acid from the air, independently of the relative humidity. The desiccant rotor will, however, only be running when there is a need for dehumidification and as a result will only periodically remove pollutants. The high acid removal efficiency by dry silica gel was furthermore demonstrated in a chamber test. A clay brick wall in a test room established a concentration gradient across the room and reduced the concentration of organic acids by 56% compared to close to the emission source.     

Cow's milk as a post-exercise recovery drink: implications for performance and health

Abstract

Post-exercise recovery is a multi-facetted process that will vary depending on the nature of the exercise, the time between exercise sessions and the goals of the exerciser. From a nutritional perspective, the main considerations are: (1) optimisation of muscle protein turnover; (2) glycogen resynthesis; (3) rehydration; (4) management of muscle soreness; (5) appropriate management of energy balance. Milk is approximately isotonic (osmolality of 280–290?mosmol/kg), and the mixture of high quality protein, carbohydrate, water and micronutrients (particularly sodium) make it uniquely suitable as a post-exercise recovery drink in many exercise scenarios. Research has shown that ingestion of milk post-exercise has the potential to beneficially impact both acute recovery and chronic training adaptation. Milk augments post-exercise muscle protein synthesis and rehydration, can contribute to post-exercise glycogen resynthesis, and attenuates post-exercise muscle soreness/function losses. For these aspects of recovery, milk is at least comparable and often out performs most commercially available recovery drinks, but is available at a fraction of the cost, making it a cheap and easy option to facilitate post-exercise recovery. Milk ingestion post-exercise has also been shown to attenuate subsequent energy intake and may lead to more favourable body composition changes with exercise training. This means that those exercising for weight management purposes might be able to beneficially influence post-exercise recovery, whilst maintaining the energy deficit created by exercise.     

关于《运动生物化学》ATP教学的若干问题的探讨

三磷酸腺苷(ATP)在生物体内能量的转移、贮存和利用中，处于一个关键的地位上。ATP的教学是《运动生物化学》教学中的一个重要环节。本文讨论ATP教学中常遇到的几个问题，诸如ATP的分子组成和分子结构式的教学要求，“高能磷酸键”概念以及ATP的形成方式及释能利用方式等问题，并谈谈自己的教学处理意见。     

运动性疲劳状态下线粒体功能改变及其原因

就线粒体氧化磷酸化生成ATP的基本功能，从运动后疲劳状态下，线粒体合成ATP速率和效率改变的角度，探讨了可能导致其变化的原因及其对运动能力的影响。研究运动中态4呼吸状态出现的原因可能有助于针对线粒体氧利用率降低的现象，找出有效提高人体运动能力的方法。     

试论足球运动员的无氧能力及训练

足球运动因大强度、长时间激烈拼抢使能量供应系统变得极为复杂，比赛中无氧供能常起着十分重要的作用。足球运动中无氧供能可分为：高能磷化物系统供能和糖酵解供能。而针对这两种供能形式可分为一般无氧和专项无氧能力训练。     

浅析运动强度对运动员血氨值的影响及相关研究

血氨作为一项新的运动生化检测指标已经广泛应用到体育实践中,尤其是在体育科学领域受到了广泛关注。针对我院20名足球专项运动员进行了两次不同运动强度的训练:短跑—400m全速跑;足球赛—90min的足球对抗赛。实验结果表明:运动员完成相应负荷运动后血氨值显著高于安静状态测值(P<0.01),表明其与运动强度的高度相关性。实验结果提示:血氨指标能够较精确地评价运动员的运动负荷强度、机体的机能状态、疲劳程度及恢复情况。     

优秀游泳运动员高强度训练中VAT和T／C值变化的分析研究

高强度训练周期中血清睾酮(T)与血清皮质醇(C)比值(T/C)和无氧阈速率(VAT)发生变化，其变化形式表现为在训练周期中，T/C值和VAT发生变化的时间和程度不同；在训练周期中，男子游泳运动员与女子游泳运动员的T/C值和VAT变化的时间和程度不同。     

能量法在运动生物力学中的应用介绍

通过查阅大量献资料，发现目前运动生物力学发展处于缓慢阶段且新的研究方法尚不完善。基于人体运动研究的复杂性，结合能量法的应用特点：简单性、整体性和广泛性，能量法在各相关学科领域取得的主要成果，指出能量法是目前运动生物力学的发展不可多得的方法之一。     

散手运动员机体的供能特点及其训练

结合当今散手运动的发展趋势，从理论上探讨散手运动的供能特点及其训练方法和训练时的科学监测，为运动员身体训练的科学化提供理论依据。     

通气阈强度运动对脑电地形图影响的研究

对体育系男学生(20名)在安静状态、通气阈强度负荷后即刻1min、及恢复2min后第3min的脑电变化进行测试得出结论:通气阈强度运动在一定程度上对大脑皮质产生影响,增进了大脑细胞新陈代谢强度,可改善大脑皮质神经元代谢能力,使其产生复杂的生理效应和训练效,对脑皮层神经细胞工作能力的改善和提高是很显著。