耐热钢蠕变损伤力学模型研究

在理论推证和试验的基础上,建立了一种崭新的蠕变损伤强度理论,引入了一个新的强度指标,即材料的极限有效损伤应力强度。实验证明它较之传统强度理论中的屈服极限或强度极限更具有合理性,实验测定结果的稳定性更好。因此,依据该强度理论,可对发生蠕变损伤的耐热钢构件或耐热钢结构的有效使用寿命,作出更加合理的估计。     

“醉驾是否一律入刑”之法理分析

醉驾虽已入刑,但关于其是否一律入刑的争论却仍未停止。从刑法第13条但书的规定来看,醉驾入刑应符合《刑法》总则第13条规定,即情节显著轻微危害不大的,不认定为犯罪。作为一种抽象危险犯,关于醉驾危险状态的判断必须坚持在行为实施的时间、地点、环境等客观基础上,从一般人的立场判断危险状态是否存在。此外,从犯罪主客观要件相统一原则和罪责刑相适应原则来看,醉驾亦不应一律如刑。     

公共体育场所损害赔偿责任初探

运用文献资料的方法,查阅了我国目前法律对体育公共场所损害赔偿责任没有具体明确的规定。因此,这种情况既不利于对管理者和相对方权益的保护,也给公共体育场所对外开放带来了不利影响。本文明确了“体育公共场所”概念,并以其是否负有法定开放义务为标准进行分类。在此基础上,根据国家有关法律、法规的规定,提出了关于体育公共场所损害赔偿责任认定的初步设想。     

集装箱多式联运下“隐藏损害”赔偿责任之研究

集装箱运输下整箱货的“隐藏损害”是当前从事集装箱运输业的人们所共同关注并迫切希望得以解决的问题,但由于涉及的当事人众多,相关适用的法规较少,因而在一定程度上难以得到公正的解决。本文试图运用具体相关条款,结合较典型的案例对“隐藏损害”责任之确定加以叙述,从而对整箱货运输下“隐藏损害”的处理有所借鉴。     

Effects of sprint interval exercise dose and sex on circulating irisin and redox status markers in adolescent swimmers

Irisin and redox status markers seem to share common pathways of exercise-induced upregulation. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of sprint interval swimming exercise dose and sex on the circulating levels of irisin and redox status markers in adolescent swimmers. Sixteen male and 16 female adolescent swimmers completed two sets of 4 × 50 m maximal freestyle swimming with a send-off time of 90 s, separated by 10 min of passive recovery. Venous blood samples were obtained pre-exercise (Pre), after the first set (Post1) and after the second set (Post2). Males had higher irisin levels than females. Reduced glutathione (GSH, μmol g Hb^?1) increased from 8.6 (2.2) [pooled males and females, mean (SD) throughout] at Pre to 9.4 (2.1) at Post1 and Post2. Total antioxidant capacity (μmol DPPH mL^?1) increased from 0.89 (0.17) at Post1 to 0.94 (0.16) at Post2. 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine (ng mL^?1) increased from 20.9 (6.9) at Pre and 21.5 (7.1) at Post1 to 25.0 (10.9) at Post2. Overall, sprint interval swimming exercise induced small but potentially effective changes in the studied parameters. Exercise dose influenced the GSH and 8-OHdG responses, and sex affected irisin levels.     

Influence of cold-water immersion on limb blood flow after resistance exercise*

This study determined the influence of cold (8°C) and cool (22°C) water immersion on lower limb and cutaneous blood flow following resistance exercise. Twelve males completed 4 sets of 10-repetition maximum squat exercise and were then immersed, semi-reclined, into 8°C or 22°C water for 10-min, or rested in a seated position (control) in a randomized order on different days. Rectal and thigh skin temperature, muscle temperature, thigh and calf skin blood flow and superficial femoral artery blood flow were measured before and after immersion. Indices of vascular conductance were calculated (flux and blood flow/mean arterial pressure). The colder water reduced thigh skin temperature and deep muscle temperature to the greatest extent (P?<?.001). Reductions in rectal temperature were similar (0.2–0.4°C) in all three trials (P?=?.69). Femoral artery conductance was similar after immersion in both cooling conditions, with both conditions significantly lower (55%) than the control post-immersion (P?<?.01). Similarly, there was greater thigh and calf cutaneous vasoconstriction (40–50%) after immersion in both cooling conditions, relative to the control (P?<?.01), with no difference between cooling conditions. These findings suggest that cold and cool water similarly reduce femoral artery and cutaneous blood flow responses but not muscle temperature following resistance exercise.     

小儿药物性血尿30例临床分析

针对小儿药物性血尿,通过３０例的临床分析,发现头孢拉丁与其它抗生素及解热镇痛药合用时引发血尿占首位,其次是解热镇痛药及非类固醇类抗炎药。肾损害的发生与用药剂量过大、过敏性体质等因素有关,通过治疗的患儿大多数在２～３天内肉眼血尿消失,在２～７天内尿常规恢复正常。     

奥运志愿者损害赔偿的法律责任

奥运志愿者组织、奥运志愿者和被服务者三者之间有着特定的损害赔偿关系。在志愿活动中奥运志愿者作为受害者,应该由第三者、奥运志愿者组织及志愿者本人三方来承担责任;志愿者作为加害者时也应负有相应的损害赔偿责任;而志愿者组织则应负有组织者的责任。应该设立“伤害保险”与“责任赔偿保险”,对志愿者进行保护。     

基于生境等价分析法的胶州湾湿地围垦生态损害评估

评估湿地围垦的生态损害,对目前迫切需要制定的海洋生态损害补偿政策以及生态修复计划具有重要的现实意义.本文针对黄海胶州湾湿地围垦,运用生境等价分析法,完成了围垦湿地的生境受损量、补偿量及补偿面积的评估.结果显示:1988年-1997年期间,胶州湾湿地围垦面积约为2264hm2,生境损害程度为54.5％.假设通过人工种植沼泽植被来修复受损湿地生境,且修复生境所提供的服务等于受损区域的生境服务,则修复工程的规模为358hm2,才能达到补偿受损湿地生境服务水平的目标.进一步参照不同类型海洋生态系统的平均公益价值标准,该围垦规模的生境服务损害成本约4264万元/年.     

排球教学中运动损伤的调查与分析

通过对排球教学中运动损伤的调查分析,探讨运动损伤发生规律及防治对策,力求减少损伤,提高教学、训练水平.