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11.
企业集团是对单一企业组织形态的制度创新,科斯关于企业形成的理认为研究这一制度创新的原因提供了思路。借助于交易费用概念进行分析,笔者认为,纵向型企业集团是企业出于对生产要素市场交易费用的节约而形成的;横向型企业集团是企业为节约产品市场和生产要素市场两种交易费而形成的;综合型企业集团是对产品市场和生产要素市场更高昂的交易费用的节约而形成的。  相似文献   
12.
居民环境感知与环境监测从不同角度反映环境问题,有其各自的特点。在扬美古镇居民环境感知问卷调查和部分自然生态环境因子监测数据的基础上,分析了扬美古镇的旅游环境现状。通过实测数据与居民感知的对比分析,得出扬美古镇旅游环境的一些问题及影响因素,并对这些问题提出相应的对策和建议。研究表明,扬美古镇旅游自然生态环境监测与居民问卷访谈两种调查方法所得结果基本一致。扬美古镇自然旅游生态环境较好,但景区内水质有机物污染较为严重,噪声有所超标。  相似文献   
13.
社会转型和高等教育大众化的发展使高校特困生数量不断攀升,其就业难问题也引起了国内学术界的关注。针对贫困生在就业中出现的就业质量不高、就业地位不平等、就业机会不多和初次就业率不高等问题,从社会、高校和特困生个体三个层面分析了影响特困生就业的主要因素,并依据影响因素提出解决困境的对策。  相似文献   
14.
制度因素对高校毕业生就业流向影响的经济学分析   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
我国当前所存在的一系列制度如户籍制度、社会保障制度等在很大程度上影响着高校毕业生的预期净收益,从而影响着高校毕业生的初次就业以及再就业决策。随着高校扩招,毕业生快速增加,他们初次就业流向很不均匀,大都向沿海地区以及大城市流动。再就业时流初成本很高,流动的难度加大,这又反过来影响他们的初次就业决策。要改变沿海地区和大城市人才相对过剩以及西部和农村地区人才匮乏的现状,就要改革一系列妨碍高校毕业生流动的制度,为他们提供一个良好的制度环境,使得人才能够充分自由流动。  相似文献   
15.
阐述了人力资源管理中情感因素是高校实施高层次人才强校战略和高层次人才渴望尊重与自我实现的需要。提出了在高层次人才管理中以情沟通、协调人际关系、以情激励的积极对策。  相似文献   
16.
以多元统计分析原理为依据,采用因子分析法,从多种影响因素中找出几个关键成分指标,为每个学生素质作出全面、客观和具体的评价,为学校掌握学生素质的状况提供一定的理论和量化依据.  相似文献   
17.
    
Factor mixture modeling (FMM) has been increasingly used to investigate unobserved population heterogeneity. This study examined the issue of covariate effects with FMM in the context of measurement invariance testing. Specifically, the impact of excluding and misspecifying covariate effects on measurement invariance testing and class enumeration was investigated via Monte Carlo simulations. Data were generated based on FMM models with (1) a zero covariate effect, (2) a covariate effect on the latent class variable, and (3) covariate effects on both the latent class variable and the factor. For each population model, different analysis models that excluded or misspecified covariate effects were fitted. Results highlighted the importance of including proper covariates in measurement invariance testing and evidenced the utility of a model comparison approach in searching for the correct specification of covariate effects and the level of measurement invariance. This approach was demonstrated using an empirical data set. Implications for methodological and applied research are discussed.  相似文献   
18.
    
Students with learning disabilities (LD) represent a vulnerable population and are at higher risk for social and emotional challenges compared to their peers without LD. A strengths‐based orientation is recommended to encourage building resilience factors to counteract the negative effects of LD over the lifespan. To identify areas of strength and areas for growth, measurement tools that are appropriate for the population of students with LD are needed. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Social Emotional Health Survey—Secondary for use with students with LD. Data from students in three secondary schools (n = 2,847) were used to confirm the factor structure, establish measurement invariance, and compare the social–emotional profiles of students with and without LD. The LD group was found to report lower overall social–emotional strengths than those of their non‐LD peers. Implications for practitioners and researchers are discussed.  相似文献   
19.
    
This study proposes an advanced method to factor in the contributions of individual group members engaged in an integrated group project using peer assessment procedures. Conway et al. proposed the Individual Weight Factor (IWF) method for peer assessment which has been extensively developed over the years. However, most methods associated with IWF use a simple average algorithm which still has limitations in effectively reflecting abnormal situations. Therefore, this study proposes an iterative method for measuring a fair IWF by considering each assessor's reliability. The proposed algorithm considers each assessor's reliability which is evaluated by an analysis of variance of the scores given by the assessor. This relative reliability factor is used to improve the fairness of the IWF and reduce the effect of unfair or unreliable assessors' scores. A comparison with previous methods demonstrates that the proposed method resulted in substantially more fair grades being given to individual students for group projects.  相似文献   
20.
    
This paper proposes how the theoretical framework of ecological dynamics can provide an influential model of the learner and the learning process to pre-empt effective behaviour changes. Here we argue that ecological dynamics supports a well-established model of the learner ideally suited to the environmental education context because of its emphasis on the learner–environment relationship. The model stems from perspectives on behaviour change in ecological psychology and dynamical systems theory. The salient points of the model are highlighted for educators interested in manipulating environmental constraints in the learning process, with the aim of designing effective learning programmes in environmental education. We conclude by providing generic principles of application which might define the learning process in environmental education programmes.  相似文献   
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