试析当前湖北劳动力素质结构

近年来，湖北经济增长率结束了长时期的下降而开始出现回升，经济发展的状况对全省劳动力就业形势构成了较大影响。表现为经济结构的调整带来了就业形势的变化，并进而影响劳动力素质结构的变化。     

中国基础研究类高层次科技人才流动特征分析 ——以环境领域为例

探寻我国基础研究类科技人才,尤其是高层次科技人才的流动特征和规律,对于制定我国基础研究类科技 人才发现、培养和发展的政策具有重要意义。本文以环境领域国家杰出青年科学基金获得者为研究对象,对中国该领 域基础研究类高层次科技人才的机构流动和国别流动特征进行分析。基于马斯洛需求理论,进一步对不同动机产生的 人才流动所对应的年龄分布进行探讨,为我国基础研究类高层次科技人才的政策制定提供参考和借鉴。     

Momentum sequence and environmental climate influence levels of perceived psychological momentum within a sport competition

The present study examined the influence of momentum sequence (positive vs. negative) and environmental climate (hot–wet vs. neutral) on supporters’ (i.e. virtual observers’) reported levels of perceived psychological momentum (PM) during a simulated cycling competition. Participants supported one of two competing cyclists involved in a race that was displayed on a screen in a lecture hall. The race scenario was manipulated so that the supported cyclist appeared to undergo either a positive or negative momentum sequence. In addition, participants were either exposed to a hot–wet environmental climate or to a neutral environmental climate while observing the race scenario. According to the results, reported levels of PM were higher in the positive momentum sequence condition than in the negative momentum sequence condition, consistent with the notion that supporters’ PM is influenced by a positivity bias, and reported levels of PM were also found to be higher in the hot–wet climate condition than in the neutral climate condition, consistent with the notion that environmental climate is a contextual factor that influences PM through the operation of a causal augmenting mechanism.     

The influence of shoe drop on the kinematics and kinetics of children tennis players

This study investigated the immediate effects of reducing the shoe drop (i.e. the difference between the heel and the forefoot height) on the kinematics and kinetics of the lower extremities of children tennis players performing a tennis-specific movement. Thirteen children tennis players performed a series of simulated open stance forehands wearing 3 pairs of shoes differing only in the drop: 0 (D0), 6 (D6) and the control condition of 12?mm (D12). Two embedded forceplates and a motion capture system were used to analyse the ground reaction forces and ankle and knee joint angles and moments of the leading lower limb. In D6 compared with D12, the peak impact force was reduced by 24% (p?=?.004) and the ankle was less dorsiflexed at foot strike (p?=?.037). In D0 compared with D12, the peak impact force was reduced by 17% (p?=?.049), the ankle was less dorsiflexed at foot strike (p?=?.045) and the knee was more flexed at foot strike (p?=?.007). In addition, 4 out of 13 participants (31%) presented a forefoot strike pattern for some of the trials in D0. No difference was observed across shoe conditions for the peak knee extensor moment (p?=?.658) or the peak ankle plantarflexor moment (p?=?.071). The results provide preliminary data supporting the hypothesis that for children tennis players, using a 6-mm lower shoe drop might reduce heel impact forces and thus limit potentially impact-related injuries.     

日本环境教育探析

日本在发展经济的过程中非常重视环境教育，其基本着眼点是：通过对传统文化的挖掘和诠释，搭建起环境教育的价值支持系统；通过政府、企业、社区、NGO组织(Non-governmental organization，非政府组织)的共同努力、协同配合，构造出完整的环境教育体系；通过公害教育使社会民众始终保持对环境问题的敏感性。这些做法可以为我国的环境教育提供重要的启示和参照。     

旅游业发展中环境保护的博弈分析

在完全竞争市场经济下，博弈的纳什均衡对环境保护是不利的或低效率的。旅游开发中环境保护需要政府干预，因此，在大力发展旅游经济的同时，有关政府部门应该对旅游环境加强宏观保护和综合治理，使旅游资源能够得以持续利用，使旅游业真正成为一项“朝阳产业”。     

关于建立职教类专业校外实训基地的几点思考

职业技术教育是一种以生产或管理第一线的岗位或岗位群为培养目标的教育.它对教学过程中的实践环节要求较高.近年来,国家教育部多次强调高职院校建设校外实训基地的重要性和必要性.为此,我们做出了努力和尝试,也取得了一些的经验.     

试论塑造大城市的三种力量及其博弈

经济力量、政治力量和社会力量是塑造大城市发展模式的三种基本力量。经济力量是城市发展的物质基础；社会力量是重要推动力；政治力量则起着关键的中介作用。正是这三种力量的结合、互动和博弈塑造了大城市的空间结构和发展模式。在政治、经济和社会的和谐中构建有中国特色的大城市发展模式是当前中国大城市的发展方向和根本路径。     

Reducing students’ carbon footprints using personal carbon footprint management system based on environmental behavioural theory and persuasive technology

This study applied environmental behavioural theories to develop a personal carbon footprint management system and used persuasive technology to implement it. The system serves as an educational system to improve the determinants of students’ low-carbon behaviours, to promote low-carbon concepts and to facilitate their carbon management. To assess the validity of the system, high school students were chosen to participate in an experiment, the results of which reveal (1) the system has significant and positive short-term and relatively long-term effects on the reduction of their self-reported carbon footprint, (2) the system significantly improves their carbon footprint awareness and perceived behavioural control (PBC), and it also promotes behavioural subjective norms, (3) reduction of their self-reported carbon footprint is significantly correlated to PBC, carbon footprint awareness and attitude and (4) PBC is the most critical determinant of carbon reduction. Suggestions are accordingly made.     

烟囱倾倒时最容易断裂的位置

烟囱倾倒过程中,通过对横截面上切应力及拉伸(压缩)应力的计算,确定了倾倒时烟囱被破坏的主要力学原因及表现是,在外侧强大的拉应力作用下,烟囱从外侧开始被拉断.