新闻传播活动中的道德冲突与伦理救治

新闻传播的实质是价值选择的过程,即对事实进行选择后予以报道的行为,这种选择使媒体和传播者时时处于一种道德冲突的境遇.造成这种情形的主要原因是传播者介于商业和专业之间的双重属性,良好制度的缺失与体制重构的滞后,新闻传播呈现的多样性、多渠道性和传播者责任与自律意识的缺失.其伦理救治的途径是树立"合乎伦理的新闻事业是更好的新闻事业"的理念,弘扬受众意识,对受众要有最诚挚的道德责任感,遵循新闻媒体的规律,实现社会效益与经济效益协同发展,加强新闻道德法制化建设以及新闻自律意识,摒弃新闻低俗,守住自己捍卫社会良知的道德底线.     

Structural relationship between learners’ perceptions of a test,learning practices,and learning outcomes: A study on the washback mechanism of a high-stakes test

The study aimed to explore the washback mechanism on learning by investigating the structural relationship between learners’ perceptions of a test, learning practices, and learning outcomes via structural equation modeling. The participants in this study included 3105 Chinese senior high school students. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were used in the analyses of the data. This study found that learners’ perceptions of test validity, impact, and importance affected their learning practices in different ways and to different degrees. The research results also showed that four types of English learning practices had significant, positive, but differential effects on learning outcomes. The effect size was partly associated with the frequency of engagement with each learning practice. Based on the findings, some implications and suggestions were drawn for learners, teachers, test designers, and test authorities.     

Mentor teachers: Their perceived possibilities and challenges as mentor and teacher

This interview study, including seven case studies of mentor teachers in primary education, explores the possibilities and challenges these mentor teachers perceive when they (sequentially and simultaneously) combine the teacher and mentor roles. Mentor teachers perceive two challenges while simultaneously performing both roles in the same classroom: to transfer (or not) responsibility for the class and pupils to the student teacher and to intervene (or not) in classroom procedures. Mentor teachers felt that being the teacher of the pupils was their primary task, and being a mentor of the student teacher generally was perceived as an aside and additional task.     

Defining Cataloging Ethics: Practitioner Perspectives

ABSTRACT

Catalogers often need to make ethical decisions about their daily work. What is the starting point for defining cataloging ethics and how do practitioners define the concept? In this paper, the authors explore definitions of ethics and cataloging ethics in the literature, and subsequently analyze responses to a question asking respondents to define cataloging ethics. Set against the existing backdrop of the American Library Association “Code of Ethics,” the authors propose that shared values create a framework for discussing cataloging ethics, rather than a single articulated definition.     

徐州市高校大学生网络伦理素质调查报告

通过对徐州高校800名大学生的网络伦理素质的实证调研,发现大学生网络伦理素质整体水平不高,主要表现在网络伦理意识较差、网络伦理行为失范、网络道德判断弱等方面。基于调查研究,本文提出塑造大学生的网络伦理人格、提高大学生的网络自律意识、强化大学生的网络责任意识、培养大学生的网络伦理情感、养成良好的网络伦理行为习惯、树立良性网络伦理关系等等应对措施来培育大学生网络伦理素质。     

Curriculum Mapping: A Before‐and‐After Look at Faculty Perceptions of Their Courses and the Mapping Process

The increased interest in program‐ and university‐level assessment over the past few decades has led to increased faculty involvement in developing program learning outcomes and performing program assessment activities. Depending on the level of support and encouragement faculty receive from administration and other entities, they may support or resist these activities. Faculty resistance may stem from fear of losing control of their course content, discouragement over previous failed assessment attempts, or confusion from inconsistent leadership. The School of Food Science, a joint program between the Washington State University and the University of Idaho, recently completed a curriculum mapping and assessment exercise that was conducted entirely by faculty. Faculty members teaching undergraduate courses were surveyed about their opinions of the mapping and assessment process both before and after the process was conducted. The goal of the surveys was to evaluate faculty opinion of these processes and how that opinion changed after completing the processes. Faculty members were generally supportive of the mapping and assessment processes, and willing to participate, and this opinion did not change after the processes were complete. The results of the mapping and assessment activities surprised most of the faculty, and they stated that they had ideas to address the issues found during the exercises. Overall, these results are encouraging in terms of faculty support of the mapping and assessment processes. Provided that administrative support of these processes continues and there is consistent leadership, faculty should continue to be supportive of program level assessment.     

阿昌族社会生活、生态生活中的伦理思想

阿昌族在长期的社会实践中,形成了一套独具特色的风俗习惯、宗教信仰、村规寨规等,有利于调整阿昌族地区的人际关系,维护社会秩序,促进社会和谐稳定;作为一个居住在半山区和坝区的民族,在长期与自然环境的交互作用中,形成了丰富的生态伦理思想,浸润在神话传说、宗教信仰、乡规民约、生产生活、习俗禁忌中,多维度牵引着阿昌族对生态环境的保护。     

高职学生社会支持感及班级归属感与英语自主学习能力发展的探究

该项目主要研究高职学生社会支持感、班级归属感与英语自主学习能力的关系。研究通过对高职英语专业学生开展问卷调查与访谈,发现学生体验到的社会支持感和班级归属感均与英语自主学习能力呈正相关关系。研究建议高职英语教师提高学生的社会支持感和班级归属感,促进他们英语自主学习能力发展。     

伦理价值视域下的高校学生资助工作的困境及策略

高校学生资助是一个庞大的系统工程,关涉大量的伦理问题。当前,高校学生资助工作伦理价值式微,实效性被消解,受助者的精神诉求日渐边缘化,人格尊严被降格,人正在经受着来自于伦理关怀缺失的道德困惑和不幸。从政策制度伦理、自由伦理、交往伦理及美德伦理等维度出发,对高校学生资助工作进行体认及构建,赋予学生资助工作新的伦理精神和特征,重塑高校学生资助工作伦理品性,是新时期资助工作转型发展的必然诉求。     

从文学伦理学批评视角解读《追风筝的人》

《追风筝的人》是阿富汗裔美籍作家卡勒德·胡塞尼的首部英文作品,也是影响美国现代文学的一部长篇小说。小说主要以主人公阿米尔的个人成长经历为线索,讲述了他背叛与救赎的故事。从文学伦理学批评角度,即从民族伦理、宗教伦理和家庭伦理三个伦理视角来解读阿米尔的背叛。从历史角度对阿米尔的背叛做出公正合理的评价,从而让读者了解和认识阿富汗这个国家特殊的普什图民族和哈扎拉民族之间的民族伦理,逊尼派和什叶派之间的宗教伦理及国家的多灾多难导致家庭成员之间畸形的家庭伦理。