图书馆伦理价值研究

图书馆伦理价值是图书馆在文献信息服务活动中所形成的具有共识性的价值观和伦理意识、伦理价值目标和伦理理想，它是图书馆员职业行为的原则立场和根本态度。它包括公正服务、敬业、忠于职守和职业人格等基本要素。图书馆伦理价值取向可分多种层次，并受到社会环境与个体品质等多方面因素影响。     

对我国生态安全的若干科学思考

本文从分析生态安全的共轭内涵、系统框架、动力学机制和控制论方法入手,探讨区域、城乡和人口生态安全的战略管理和建设方法。认为生态安全的内涵不只是生存稳定性还有发展的支撑能力,不只是环境结构的安全还有生态关系的健全,生态安全不能只用自然生态风险和人类生态胁迫的负面威胁来测度,还要用自然生态服务的正面调节来测度,生态安全不仅可以通过防护修复来保障,还可以通过人工建设来强化。     

国家主体功能区的核心设计：构筑三条国家基础安全保障线

本文简要分析了中国经济社会发展面临的重大挑战,提出了国家主体功能区划分要实现的五大目标,系统设计了以"国家发展安全保障线"、"国家生存安全保障线"和"国家生态安全保障线"三条保证线为标志的国家主体功能区核心内容,科学论证了三个120万平方公里面积分别保障中国的发展安全、生存安全和生态安全的可能性,三条保障线将为中国未来发展和国家的基础安全奠定基础。     

Android arete: Toward a virtue ethic for computational agents

Traditional approaches to computer ethics regard computers as tools, andfocus, therefore, on the ethics of their use. Alternatively, computer ethicsmight instead be understood as a study of the ethics of computationalagents, exploring, for example, the different characteristics and behaviorsthat might benefit such an agent in accomplishing its goals. In this paper,I identify a list of characteristics of computational agents that facilitatetheir pursuit of their end, and claim that these characteristics can beunderstood as virtues within a framework of virtue ethics. This frameworkincludes four broad categories – agentive, social, environmental, and moral– each of which can be understood as a spectrum of virtues rangingbetween two extreme subcategories. Although the use of a virtue frameworkis metaphorical rather than literal, I argue that by providing a frameworkfor identifying and critiquing assumptions about what a `good' computer is,a study of android arete provides focus and direction to the developmentof future computational agents.     

Ethics and technology design

This article offers a discussion of the connection between technology and values and, specifically, I take a closer look at ethically sound design. In order to bring the discussion into a concrete context, the theory of Value Sensitive Design (VSD) will be the focus point. To illustrate my argument concerning design ethics, the discussion involves a case study of an augmented window, designed by the VSD Research Lab, which has turned out to be a potentially surveillance-enabling technology. I call attention to a “positivist problem” that has to do with the connection between the design context and the use context, which VSD seems to presuppose, and I argue that it is necessary to clearly distinguish between the two, since the designers’ intentions do not always correspond with the users’ practice; in fact, the relation between design and use is very complex and principally unpredictable. Thus, a design theory must accept that foresight is limited to anticipation rather than prediction. To overcome the positivist problem, I suggest a phenomenological approach to technology inspired by Don Ihde’s concept of multistability. This argument, which is general in nature and thus applies to any theory of design ethics, is intended as a constructive criticism, which can hopefully contribute to the further development of design ethics.     

生态学视角下基于熵权可拓模型的山西省人才聚集预警研究

基于生态学的理论视角,结合熵权和物元可拓模型的相关理论,以山西省为例,从生态学的角度构建人才聚集预警的指标体系,建立人才聚集预警熵权可拓模型对山西省2006—2013年的人才预警状况进行实证分析,结果表明:山西省人才聚集处于中度预警状态,制度生态因子、社会生态因子、经济生态因子的推动作用促进山西省人才聚集预警度呈现转好的局面,文化生态因子和教育生态因子阻碍了人才聚集的平衡性发展,出现了向低等级转移的趋势。为防止山西人才聚集的非经济现象更加突出提供理论依据,为山西省人才聚集的良性发展提供参考性意见。     

中小型图书馆数字资源建设的对策研究

数字资源的建设是数字图书馆建设的核心。本文指出了目前中小型图书馆数字资源建设所面临的困难，从建设模式、整体规划和具体措施三个方面论述了中小型图书馆数字资源建设的对策。     

恩格斯“历史合力论”对我国生态文明建设的价值启示

恩格斯的"历史合力论"作为唯物史观的重要组成部分,不仅具有丰富的理论内涵,而且在实践方面,对于社会主义革命运动的开展和社会主义建设的推进有着积极的指导意义。"历史合力论"强调经济因素的决定性,又不忽视经济因素与其他诸多要素的多元互动的观点表明:当前,我国在社会主义初级阶段推进生态文明建设,现代化的工业文明是生态文明建设的基本物质前提,经济建设仍是重中之重,同时经济因素之外的其他非经济因素是实现生态文明的重要辅助条件,其中广大人民群众作为历史的创造者是生态文明建设的主体力量,这几方面因素相互协调补充,缺一不可。     

刍议艺术教育对职教生精神素质培养的重要作用

职业教育越来越受到高度重视,对于职教生的培养,不仅要求其提高技术素养,对于精神素养也同样需要培养和提高。本文着重从思想品质、职业道德、敬业精神、工作态度、合作意识五个方面分别阐述艺术教育对职教生精神素质培养的重要作用。     

双歧杆菌介导的福氏志贺菌Bb-ipaB疫苗的构建

目的：构建福氏志贺菌重组双歧杆菌Bb-ipaB疫苗。方法：以福氏志贺菌DNA为模板扩增福氏志贺菌ipaB基因,双酶切后克隆到pGEX-1λT质粒上,构建重组质粒pGEX-ipaB,电穿孔法将该质粒转化入Bb,构建福氏志贺菌重组Bb-ipaB疫苗。结果：成功扩增出分子量约为1 711 bp的ipaB基因,双酶切证实基因成功插入pGEX-1λT中,并成功转化入双歧杆菌,构建rBb-ipaB疫苗。结论：成功构建福氏志贺菌重组rBb-ipaB疫苗,为该疫苗的进一步研究奠定了基础。