浅论邓小平对青少年成长的关怀

邓小平同志始终以博大的胸怀和深邃的目光,站在党和国家前途命运的高度,十分关怀青少年的成长。多次向青年发出号召要做“四有”新人,要学习,要参加社会实践,并鼓励大量派遣青少年出国留学,培养了大量的青年专家。     

Impact absorption of tennis shoe-surface combinations

The aim of this study was to investigate, for typical shoes and surfaces used in tennis, the relative role of the shoe and surface in providing cushioning during running. Five test surfaces ranging from concrete to artificial turf were selected, together with two shoe models. Impact absorbing ability was assessed mechanically using drop test procedures and biomechanically using peak magnitude and rate of loading of impact force and peak in-shoe pressure data at the lateral heel. Differences in biomechanical variables between shoe-surface combinations were identified using a two-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Mechanical test results were found to rank the surfaces in the same order regardless of the shoe model, suggesting that the surface is influential in providing cushioning. However, for all mechanical and biomechanical (p < 0.05) variables representing impact absorbing ability, it was found that the difference between shoes was markedly greater than the differences between surfaces. The peak heel pressure data were found to rank the surfaces in the same order as the mechanical tests, while impact force data were not as sensitive to the changes in surface. Correlations between mechanical and biomechanical impact absorption highlighted the importance of testing the shoe-surface combination in mechanical tests, rather than the surface alone. In conclusion, mechanical testing of the shoe-surface combination was found to provide a strong predictor of the impact absorbing ability during running if pressure data were used. In addition, for typical shoe-surface combinations in tennis, the shoe was found to have more potential than the surface to influence impact loading during running. Finally, in-shoe pressure data were found to be more sensitive than force plate data to changes in material cushioning.     

大型集装箱船的总纵强度实用计算方法

以我国１９９６年《钢质海船入级与建造规范》对大型集装箱船的总纵强度的要求为标准,讨论了具体装载状态下船舶总纵强度的校核方法,并着重探讨了在资料不完整的情况下与总纵强度校核有关的船舶资料的计算制作方法。     

抗美援朝战争与我党对台政策

解放台湾,实现统一,是中共一直坚持的目标。从新中国成立到抗美援朝战争,中共坚持以武力歼灭国民党残余力量,解放台湾。然而,抗美援朝战争使中共中央面临的局势发生重大变化,中共中央被迫暂缓武力解放台湾的步伐。抗美援朝战争结束后,中共中央根据形势的变化,逐渐提出以和平的方式实现统一。     

未经训练成年男性急性运动性疲劳的电刺激研究

运用电刺激的方法研究未经训练成年男性的急性运动性疲劳机制。结果表明:在疲劳性伸膝运动后,最大随意收缩力下降17±15%(p<0.001),中枢激活水平从88±7%下降到84±6%(p=0.001),M波波幅基本不变,但电刺激诱发的最大颤搐张力和最大张力上升速度明显降低,半舒张时间延长,激活后增强效应(postactivation potentiation)下降19%(p<0.001)。疲劳过程中平均肌电图-力矩比值升高。结论:在未经训练成年男性间歇性大负荷运动导致疲劳过程中,中枢神经系统及肌肉本身均参与了运动性疲劳的形成,肌肉的兴奋性未发生明显变化,但收缩能力减弱。     

单人皮划艇500 m竞速结构与竞赛策略研究

通过对我国优秀皮划艇运动员测试数据的分析,提出了基于桨频曲线转折点的皮划艇500 m比赛竞速结构划分方法;根据全程桨频和船速的变化特点,对每个阶段重新命名,更准确地反映了皮划艇500 m竞速规律;冲刺阶段桨频的增加并不一定意味着船速的提高,船速是否增长取决于平均桨力,它才是船速的最终决定因素;对世界大赛中分段成绩的进行对比分析;以我国划艇运动员杨文军参加世界大赛成绩为例,说明了竞赛策略的重要性。     

创造教育是学校体育教学改革的永恒主题

学校体育教学改革正面临从技术教学向健身教育转化，本文以创造教育的理论，以创造、发展的观点，对深化学校体育改革问题试作分析和探讨。     

运动性骨骼肌损伤时的某些组织学、生化学及力学变化

运动性骨骼肌损伤是:体育运动中非常普遍的现象,在出现肌肉延迟性疼痛的同时,伴有肌组织结构和功能及血液生化成分的改变,表现为细胞肿胀、肌力下降、血中肌肉酶活性升高等等。研究发现肌组织的这种结构与功能的变化是暂时的,它可随运动员对某一运动形式,负荷的适应而逐渐消失。运动性骨骼肌损伤的诱发机理并不十分明了,目前认为很可能与肌组织的机械应激有关。     

利用一种新的势能函数精确计算双原子的光谱参数

A novel scheme for potential energy functions of diatomic molecules is derived using a function with phase factors. Six kinds of potential curves of common shapes are obtained by adjusting the phase factors. Spectroscopic parameters of the ground states for ten kinds of molecules are calculated using the potential energy functions. The results agree well with experimental data.     

开发体校生学习潜力改善读训关系的新思维——发挥运动天赋内涵的学习优势条件的探索

从运动心理学原理和脑科学研究的成果中寻求体育生文化学习潜在的有利因素,并以教改为途径,从发扬运动天赋中内在的学习优势条件入手,挖掘和新增学习动力源。以内涵的改造,帮助体校生摆脱文化课学习的困境,为建立未来读训结合新格局铺路。