New Resources for Childbirth Educators and Parents

In this column, reviewers offer perspectives and comments on a variety of new media resources for childbirth educators and expectant and new parents. The books, CDs, DVDs, and kits reviewed in this issue''s column include the following topics: the birth experiences of mothers who survived childhood sexual abuse; lively teaching techniques and ideas to help energize and enhance childbirth education classes; breastfeeding in the workplace; expectant fathers; perspectives on motherhood; unique, helpful tools for childbirth educators to use in designing their class content, addressing the stages of labor, and discussing planned cesarean birth; exercises for pregnant women on bedrest; and a compilation of presentations featured at Birthing the Future''s international symposiums.     

Heirs and Spares: Elite Fathers and Their Sons in the Literary Sources of Umayyad Iberia

ABSTRACT

In the medieval Islamic world, elite men were the benchmark of hegemonic masculinity and social power. A presumption of masculine authority within the household shaped the way early medieval rulers were described by chroniclers, and how medieval fathers related to their sons. The formal and informal ways in which they interacted with lower status men – whether their clients, their courtiers, or their sons – were hedged about with the symbolic language of gender. The article focuses on the ways in which certain Andalusī literary sources talk about relations of fathers and their sons with the ruling Umayyad family, to offer an additional dimension to our picture of how the dynasty conceptualised and legitimised its power.     

魏晋南北朝学士研究的几个问题

魏晋南北朝学士是一个以文翰之士为主的群体 ,这一群体实际上可以分为文人学士与官员学士两类。魏晋南北朝部分学士与秦汉待诏有类似之处。魏晋南北朝学士在此期经学、文献学、史学诸项学术活动中是—支重要力量。     

Challenging the Stereotypes of Mexican American Fathers

This critical review presents studies of Mexican American fathers in the United Sates to provide researchers with an understanding of contemporary fatherhood. It describes the myths that cause methodological and conceptual problems in interpreting the results of studies on Mexican American fathers. Several common challenges and limitations in those studies are identified and discussed, such as conflicting cultural perceptions, traditional and contemporary perceptions, and social stereotyping of the Mexican American fathers’ family roles. This review also provides guidelines for future research and practical applications on Mexican American fathers’ involvement in their children’s education. In doing this, it contributes to an emerging understanding of the complexity of Mexican American fathering.     

预期收益最大化与大学生就业期望偏高

大学生就业期望偏高并非是不理性的行为,而是大学生对未来不确定性、信息不完全以及学费高昂的条件下企图实现预期收益最大化而做出的一种理性选择。降低大学生就业期望的有效途径在于提供充分的就业信息,制定合理的大学学费标准。     

Discussion Forums for Expectant Fathers: The Perspectives of Male Educators

This article describes the perspectives of men recruited to be educators and to facilitate all-male discussion forums for expectant fathers within antenatal education programs. The 8 participants indicated their general satisfaction with the recruitment process and the preparation for and support of the role. They also expressed their support for the overall concept and design of the forum. Suggestions were made regarding areas for improvement in the design and management of the forums. Results from this study may provide an operational framework to assist service providers in the development of male-facilitated programs for expectant fathers.     

论美国合同法中的“结果性损害”——兼谈违约可得利益赔偿的主观要件

美国合同法中的“结果性损害”包括利润损失，该损害是远隔的、间接的，如果当事人要获得赔偿，必须证明该损害是违约方订约时预见或者应当预见的，这一结论合乎合理预见规则的理念。包括我国在内的大陆法系的违约可得利益损失赔偿也应当要求违约方预见这一主观要件。这对我国违约赔偿具有借鉴意义。     

比较视阈中的明清小说理论

明清时期的一些小说理论家，运用比较文学的理论与方法，对中国古代小说进行比较与诠释，提出了许多很有创见性的_观点，如对“类同与差异”的诠释、“接受与影响”的研究等。这对于中国古代小说创作及小说理论的发展，起了巨大的促进作用。从比较文学的角度去研究明清小说理论，可以探求这一理论探索的新的学术价值。     

Do mothers and fathers perceive their child’s academic potential in a similar way?

The mothers and fathers (n?=?43) of third- and sixth-grade children were asked to assess their child’s academic potential in comparison with the child’s earlier competence and with that of her/his peers. In the interpersonal domain, the mothers’ and fathers’ perceptions of their child’s academic potential were related to each other, especially in mathematics, already when the child was in the third grade. Conversely, in the intrapersonal domain, the mothers’ and fathers’ perceptions were more consistent when assessing the sixth-grade than the third-grade children’s academic potential. These findings suggest that the normative feedback received from school tends to unify parental perceptions of their child’s academic potential as the child proceeds through school, even when the parents assess their child’s individual advancement.