对档案馆“服务壁垒”的若干思考

文章就“如何认识档案馆服务工作中的‘服务壁垒’的内涵与具体表现”、“如何认识档案馆服务工作中的‘服务壁垒’的成因与危害”以及“如何克服档案馆服务工作中的‘服务壁垒’”问题谈了作者的思考与认识。     

树立和坚持正确的事业观、工作观和政绩观

胡锦涛同志提出树立和坚持正确的事业观、工作观和政绩观，具有极强的针对性和现实意义。文章就树立和坚持正确的事业观、工作观和政绩观的科学内涵进行了分析，提出了实现的路径。     

非共识项目的设立给基础研究源头创新带来新希望

通过科学基金“地表柯石英的模拟合成及其形成机制的研究”项目的评审、批准和研究的具体实例,阐明基金评审制度改革,设立非共识项目的政策,极大地鼓励和推动了基础研究的原始创新。     

贫困的相关重要范畴与推进我国农村扶贫开发

新形势下既要重视狭义贫困,又要更多地重视广义贫困,要采取综合治理措施,提高贫困人口的综合素质;对国定和非国定贫困县要实行动态管理,既要扶持绝对贫困人口,又要扶持低收入贫困人口;扶贫开发由县为单元转向贫困村和贫困人口。改善收入分配对缓解贫困作用将越来越明显。     

Developing children's conceptual understanding of area measurement: A curriculum and teaching experiment

The present study examined the effectiveness of three instructional treatments which had different combinations of mathematical elements regarding 2-dimensional (2-D) geometry and area measurement for developing 4th-grade children's understanding of the formulas for area measurement and their ability to solve area measurement problems. Participants were 120 fourth graders. The results showed that the enriched curriculum, involving the geometry motions and area measurement connections effectively facilitated children's mathematical judgments and explanations demanding high-level conceptual understanding. The instructional curricula accentuating only 2-D geometry or numerical calculations for area measurement did not exhibit such effectiveness. Interview data revealed that the geometric operations of superimposition, decomposition, re-composition as well as the concept of congruence were deemed essential by children for the conceptualization of the formulas for area measurement.     

数学优秀课成长的基础、过程与方法

以分数为目标、对教学内容理解表面化和教学设计无基本章法是造成课堂教学平庸、低效的主要原因,因此在关注优秀课的表现形式与评价标准的同时,更应关注优秀课成长的基础、过程与方法。超越应试是优秀课的基本要求与历史使命;理解数学是教学设计与优秀课成长的基础,而好的教学设计框架则是优秀课成长的过程与方法。     

地理教材编写感悟

中小学地理教材的研究和编写工作是一项意义深远的伟大事业。可以说,人教版地理教材50年(1950~2000年)的建设史,就是新中国基础教育地理教材前50年的建设史。在这一探索和实践的过程中,作为教材的编写者有一些心得和感悟,主要包括以下四个方面。(1)中小学地理教材的编写工作,始终在国家的各种方针、政策,以及教育行政部门制定的课程计划和教学大纲的框架下进行。为国家教育培养目标服务,体现国家意志是基础教育教材特有的性质。(2)教材编写是建立在研究基础上的。研究团队的建设是教材编写的组织保证;地理科学和地理教学的理论和实践是我们编写教材的两个重要支撑。(3)教材编写是一个不断探索和完善的过程,注重实践,坚持学习是保证教材质量的关键。(4)教材编写是一个极具挑战的研究课题,每一版教材都是其中的一个阶段性成果,而这项课题的研究也将永远持续下去。     

中美小学数学课程“图形的认识”的比较研究

美国小学几何的图形的认识内容丰富,重视对探究、猜想、推理能力的培养。我国现行的数学课程小学几何的图形的认识的内容和要求,与大纲相比基本不变。与美国相比,我们的内容比较狭窄,有一定的拓展空间。建议增加一些几何图形的概念,如点、中点、平面、相交线、平面图形、多边形、立体图形等,以培养学生的空间观念、探究能力和创新精神。     

RPL for accreditation in higher education – As a process of mutual understanding or merely lifeworld colonisation?

This article focuses on a process of recognition of prior learning (RPL) in higher education. It is based on experiences from a project carried out in collaboration between the University of Lund, Linköping University and two trade unions in Sweden. The aim of the project was to find ways of recognising prior learning for accreditation of course credits at university level. In the project and its analysis, Habermas’ theory of communicative action was used as theoretical underpinning. During the project we carried out a thematic analysis based on interviews. The analysis suggested that the participants had a mystified view of higher education that RPL must be considered a learning process and that the participants’ prior learning can be characterised as practical wisdom. These themes guided the development of the project. In a retrospective analysis, language proficiency seemed to play a significant role for the outcome of the process. The conclusion suggests that a more fair and valid assessment of the participant’s prior learning could be accomplished by focusing on RPL as a process of mutual understanding. However, a critical appraisal of the process suggests that RPL for accreditation is problematic and could be seen as a colonisation of the lifeworld.     

Promoting intercultural understanding and reducing stereotypes: incorporating the cultural portfolio project into Taiwan's EFL college classes

Learning about foreign language (FL) cultures is becoming an important objective in the FL curricula and national standards of different countries throughout the world. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of the cultural portfolio project on: (1) students' concept development in their perceptions of the target language culture and their own; (2) students' evaluation of stereotypes towards English‐speaking cultures; and (3) students' self‐awareness and perception of EFL (English as a foreign language) and cultural learning process. Data were collected from students' cultural portfolio projects, classroom observation, and interviews. Results indicate that through the cultural portfolio project, students engaged in active learning, gained insight into specific aspects of the target language cultures and became more aware of the diversity within these cultures, and developed their ability to think critically instead of automatically accepting cultural information.