News audience fragmentation in the Japanese Twittersphere

ABSTRACT

Although computational approaches to ideology-based audience fragmentation are promising, they are not without limitations. First, most existing studies have focused on the US, and the cross-national validity of their results has rarely been tested. Second, previous studies that rely solely on behavioral data from social media tend to make strong analytical assumptions such as that Twitter users prefer to follow media and politicians whose ideological positions are similar to their own, and that the ideologies of political elites can be extrapolated to infer the ideologies of ordinary users. We aim to address these limitations. First, we focus on Japan to test the generalizability of US findings in an Asian context. Second, we do not rely solely on behavioral measurement but combine survey and social media data to infer the ideologies of Twitter users. Results indicate that our classifier built based on these self-reported ideologies produces more valid estimates than naïve extrapolation from views of the elites. Based on these improved estimates of Twitter users’ ideologies, we demonstrate that the ideological distributions of those who follow major Japanese media accounts on Twitter largely overlap, suggesting an absence of ideology-based audience fragmentation.     

露迹:新生代小说中的元小说叙事手法

"露迹"是最重要的元小说叙事手法之一,也是先锋小说家们常用的写作策略。"露迹"手法的使用是新生代小说对先锋小说多元化创作的一种继承。但新生代小说家们将"露迹"手法纳入了更为合理的范畴,摆脱了先锋元小说创作中"形式大于内容"的怪圈。     

新媒体语境特征与用户态度关系构建的实证研究

通过对上海市民进行抽样调查,并使用结构方法模型对新媒体语境下的受众社会态度倾向进行实证研究,得出如下结论：新媒体语境通过社会懈怠对用户风险偏好和群体极化倾向产生正向影响,对责任与公平意识、道德发展以及亲社会倾向产生负向影响;媒体接触频率在新媒体与社会懈怠关系中具有显著正向调节作用,而媒体接触的多样性在其中的调节作用并不明显;在主效应和调节作用中,均表现出对男性的影响大于对女性的影响,其影响大小随着年龄的增加而呈减弱趋势。     

Epidemiology of injuries in First Division Spanish football

Abstract

The aim was to examine the injuries sustained by Spanish football players in the First Division and to compare injury-related variables in the context of both competition and training. The injury data were prospectively collected from 16 teams (427 players) using a specific web-based survey during the 2008/2009 season. A total of 1293 injuries were identified (145 were recurring injuries). The overall injury incidence was 5.65 injuries per 1000 h of exposure. Injuries were much more common during competition than during training (43.53 vs. 3.55 injuries per 1000 h of exposure, P < 0.05). Most of the injuries (89.6%) involved the lower extremities, and overuse (65.7%) was the main cause. Muscle and tendon injuries were the most common types of injury (53.8%) among the players. The incidence of training injuries was greater during the pre-season and tended to decrease throughout the season, while the incidence of competition injuries increased throughout the season (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study suggest the need for injury prevention protocols in the First Division of the Spanish Football League to reduce the number of overuse injuries in the muscles and tendons in the lower extremities. In addition, special attention should be paid during the pre-season and the competitive phase II (the last four months of the season) in order to prevent training and competition injuries, respectively.     

肥胖儿童少年血脂、红细胞膜脂及PS外翻的研究

目的：通过对肥胖儿童少年血脂及红细胞膜脂及磷脂酰丝氨酸（PS）外翻的研究,探讨肥胖对儿童少年脂代谢的影响,为早期监测儿童少年脂代谢紊乱提供理论依据。方法：64名肥胖儿童少年按体脂百分比分为轻度、中度和重度3组,测定其血脂六项、红细胞膜胆固醇、PS外翻量及膜Na＋K＋-ATPase和Ca2＋Mg2＋-ATPase活性。结果：①肥胖儿童少年的TC水平已超过参考标准的理想水平;②肥胖儿童少年血TG与BMI及WC、WHR明显正相关,其中和前两项指标显著性P≤0.01;③轻度肥胖组PS外翻量与其他两组肥胖者之间存在显著性差异（P≤0.05）,HDL仅在轻度肥胖者和重度肥胖者之间存在显著性差异。结论：肥胖儿童少年血脂出现紊乱的潜在可能,PS外翻异常可能比血脂指标更早表现出来,因此对儿童少年肥胖发展的预测和预防可能会有更大的价值。     

关于词汇刻意学习的实证研究

本文通过词汇实验来检测刻意词汇学习和伴随词汇学习哪种学习方式更有效,更持久。实验得出的数据显示: 刻意学习比伴随学习更适合高校非英语专业二年级学生,是他们主要的词汇学习方式,而且更有持久性。     

高住低训中EPO变化规律的研究

血清EPO(erythropoietin，促红细胞生成素)与红细胞的生成有密切关系。为确切了解EPO在高住低训中的变化规律，将14名大学生分为高住低训组和低住低训组，每组7人。高住低训组每天低压低氧(2500m模拟高度)暴露12小时；低住低训组在实验期间不进行低氧暴露。两组每天在常压常氧环境下进行一次3000m跑训练。实验为期4周。结果表明，促红细胞生成素在间断性低氧暴露初期就有升高变化，1天后出现高峰，这一高EPO水平一直维持到低压氧暴露结束。另外，对第2次低氧暴露完当天出低压氧仓即刻与常氧暴露10h后所测EPO结果的比较表明，常氧暴露后EPO呈下降趋势，说明间断性低氧暴露对EPO生成存在着慢性积累的过程。低住低训组的EPO水平一直比较平稳，说明常氧环境对EPO的分泌无明显影响。     

Applying user analytics to uses and effects of social media in China

ABSTRACT

We introduce what user analytics can do in the first half of the paper and then illustrate how to do user analytics in the second half. In the current context, user analytics refers to a set of diverse communication research methods on uses and effects of social media. User analytics has evolved from TV ratings research to online user research. The history illustrates what data sources, measures, and analyses can be used for what types of research questions under user analytics. We discuss the similarities of and differences between user analytics and other methods of computational communication research (e.g. content mining and online experiments), and compare the strengths and weaknesses of user analytics with traditional quantitative methods (e.g. survey). Finally, we present an application study of Chinese bloggers to demonstrate how to employ user analytics methods to study the production, consumption, and effects of user-generated content.     

The influence of childhood polyvictimization on disordered eating symptoms in emerging adulthood

Children who endure multiple victimization experiences, or “polyvictims," are vulnerable to maladaptive outcomes. Yet, little research exists evaluating the relationship between childhood polyvictimization and disordered eating symptoms (DES) in emerging adulthood. The current study examines the relationship between childhood polyvictimization and DES in emerging adults. Data were collected from 288 participants across two universities using online self-report measures. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed a significant positive relationship between number of childhood victimization experiences and DES in young adulthood (ß = 0.14; p = 0.016). Female participants were more likely to demonstrate DES (ß = 0.14; p = 0.008). Further, high levels of emotion dysregulation during young adulthood were associated with more DES (ß = 0.33; p < 0.001). Findings suggest that exposure to victimization experiences in childhood increases individuals’ risk for exhibiting DES in young adulthood. Results also highlight the strong relationship between individuals’ emotion regulation abilities and the presence of DES. Findings align with the theory that children who have endured high levels of victimization often feel overwhelmed by their emotions and circumstances, demonstrate emotion regulation difficulties, and may rely on maladaptive coping strategies, including disordered eating, to manage adversities. Study results emphasize the importance of considering victimization history when working with emerging adults displaying disordered eating symptomatology.     

基于现金流量法的企业外汇风险暴露度量研究

随着中国企业国际化程度的提高,由汇率波动所带来的企业价值变化的外汇风险将越来越大。因此,如何准确而简约地衡量企业外汇风险是一个亟待解决的问题。从这个角度出发,通过实证研究发现现金流量法能较好地度量中国企业的外汇风险暴露。