俄罗斯阅读疗法研究概述

本文介绍了俄罗斯阅读疗法的起源;分析了俄罗斯阅读疗法的研究现状和俄罗斯图书馆界的阅读疗法实践;最后指出对我国的启示。     

拉伸和力量训练对改善游泳运动员肩部姿态的研究

游泳运动员肩部肌肉力量的不均衡可能导致游泳运动员的身体姿势不良,从而成为导致伤病的潜在原因。本研究采用实验法证明,文中采用的实验训练方案能够有效地减轻游泳肩关节前倾的的姿态,为广大教练员和运动员的训练提供训练依据。     

中西医结合治疗粘连性肠梗阻临床观察

观察中西医结合治疗粘连性肠梗阻的临床疗效。将127例粘连性肠梗阻病人随机分成二组:对照组采用单纯西医治疗;治疗组在西医治疗的基础上加用加味承气汤胃管注入及保留灌肠,同时配合针灸治疗。结果,治疗组治愈率明显优于对照组,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结果表明,中西医结合治疗粘连性肠梗阻可显著提高疗效,值得推广。     

Prophylactic effect of hot pack on symptoms of eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of the wrist extensors

Abstract

This study investigated whether hot pack treatment could provide prophylactic effects on muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise of the wrist extensors. Twenty-eight healthy men (age 21±1 years, weight 65±16 kg, height 171±6 cm) were randomly placed into hot pack (n = 14) and control (n = 14) groups. All participants performed an exercise consisting of 300 maximal eccentric contractions of the wrist extensors of the non-dominant arm using an isokinetic dynamometer. A hot pack was applied for 20 min to the wrist extensors of the exercised arm before the exercise for the hot pack group. The control group received no treatment before the exercise. Measured variables included pain intensity assessed by a visual analogue scale and a modified Likert's scale, cold thermal pain threshold, pressure pain threshold (PPT), range of motion in active wrist flexion (ROM-AF) and extension (ROM-AE), range of motion in passive wrist flexion (ROM-PF) and extension (ROM-PE), grip strength, and wrist extension strength. Changes in these variables before, immediately after, and 1 to 8 days following the exercise were compared between groups by a two-way repeated measures ANOVA. All outcome measures from both groups (except for the cold thermal pain threshold of the hot pack group) demonstrated a significant change within the first 2–3 days following exercise. Significant differences between groups were only found at a single point in time for PPT, ROM-PF, ROM-PE and ROM-AE, and the changes were smaller for the hot pack group in comparison to the control group. These results suggest that the prophylactic effects of hot pack treatment on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of the wrist extensors are limited.     

Information recall of younger and older skilled athletes: The role of display complexity,attentional resources and visual exposure duration

This study was concerned with the interactive role of experience of athletic skill with other relevant environmental variables (display complexity, attentional resources, exposure time of stimuli) on perception (recall) of structured handball game situations. Nineteen experienced (older) and 19 less experienced (younger) handball players were assigned randomly either to ball‐bouncing (diverted attention) or to calm seated (focused attention) conditions. In each of the two conditions, the subjects were exposed to a total of 36 slides containing 2–3, 5–6 and 8–10 players. Eighteen slides were exposed for 0.5 s and 18 for 1.0 s. All the slides contained structured defence and offence situations. Recall scores were subjected to repeated‐measures ANOVA using attention condition and age as between‐subject factors and task complexity and exposure duration as within‐subject factors. The results showed that the recall of less experienced players deteriorated more than the recall of more experienced players following exposure to complex displays (≥ 8 players) while engaging in a secondary task (bouncing). The findings suggest that research paradigms should be applied in the field of sport which share both ecological validity and a potential to discover the cognitive substrates underlying experience and age in skilled motor performance.     

针刺运动疗法治疗大学生运动员落枕疗效观察

观察针刺落枕、后溪二穴同时配合患部运动治疗大学生运动员落枕疗效。方法：将80例大学生运动员患者随机分成两组,实验组40例实施针刺运动疗法治疗,对照组口服加外敷药物治疗。结果：实验组1次治愈率77.5%,对照组1次治愈率为0,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：针刺运动疗法治疗落枕疗程短效果显著。     

脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）与运动性脊髓损伤

目前,有关运动性脊髓损伤的研究尚不充分,而且对其损伤机制和治疗方法也没有取得较好的研究进展。随着研究的深入,发现脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）对促进神经元的存活、受损轴突和神经的再生发挥着重要作用。BDNF转基因疗法将给运动性脊髓损伤的修复和治疗带来巨大的潜力。文章通过分析BDNF及其受体的生物学特性、运动性脊髓损伤的病理特征,为制定运动性脊髓损伤的BDNF基因治疗提供理论基础。     

足底反射区脉冲电刺激对慢性运动性疲劳大鼠的影响

目的：选择最适宜的脉冲电流频率,研究观察足底脉冲电刺激对大鼠抗运动性疲劳力的影响。方法：实验于动物研究中心完成。选用6-8周龄健康雄性Wister大鼠60只。采用大鼠慢性运动疲劳（游泳力竭）模型。随机将大鼠分成边游泳边刺激组（A 组）、造模后即时刺激组（B组）、游泳后刺激组（C组）,这三类称为运动训练刺激组,外加造模组D（全程不予刺激）和对照组E（未进行游泳训练）,每组10只,实验过程中前后观察电流脉冲对大鼠游泳运动的血糖（葡萄糖氧化酶法测定）、血清乳酸含量（对羟基联二苯法测定）、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶活性（黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定）及体质量（早晨未进食前测试）的影响。利用统计学方法,结合SPSS分析软件探究最终结果。结果：排除大鼠在游泳训练中意外淹死的情况,实验大鼠全部计入结果分析。（1）血清血糖浓度：第1周末D组和B组大鼠低于B组,而A组无明显变化。浓度降低幅度A相似文献   

医疗体操、中频电疗法等治疗腰椎间盘突出症138例疗效观察

医疗体操、中频电疗法等治疗腰椎间盘突出症的对象分A、B、C 3组,共138例患者.A组:中频电疗加医疗体操;B组:按摩加牵引;C组:按摩加中频电疗法.比较A、B组显效率,经统计学处理0.01＜P＜0.05,有显著性差异;比较A、C组显效率,经统计学分析处理P＜0.01,有极显著性差异.医疗体操、中频电疗法是治疗腰椎间盘突出症的较好选择.     

Service Learning Pedagogies to Promote Student Learning in Occupational Therapy Education

The centrality of service learning in the development of students’ professional practice has received worldwide attention. Exposure to appropriately designed service learning experience determines the acquisition of graduate attributes. This article addresses a study in which the key question was: What methods and strategies do students and their clinical supervisors find beneficial in improving their learning experiences during service learning placements? Drawing on the views and experiences of a group of final year occupational therapy (OT) students and their supervisors, the initial focus is on concepts in learning relevant to service learning and professional development, including Vygotsky's zone of proximal development (ZPD), the capability approach and collaborative and peer assisted learning. This is followed by an overview of the methodology and an analysis of the students’ and clinical supervisors’ experiences during service learning. The discussion focuses on the implications of the study findings for practice within a service learning context to enhance the alignment of institutional practices with students’ needs.