论冰雪摄影

在冰天雪地、滴水成冰的严寒深冬里,如何才能得到一幅完美的冰雪摄影佳作,关键是如何正确测光,如何正确曝光,这些都是决定拍摄成败的关键。     

电影——大学生心灵的滋养剂

自从电影诞生后,世界改变了许多。百余年以来,这门综合性最强的影像艺术,备受人们的欢迎,自然也深受大学生的喜爱。有不少电影属于心灵电影,其内容离不开对心理世界的探索,这些电影丰富多彩的内容蕴含了太多的心理学奥秘。看电影能拓展视野,更能得到心灵的洗礼,得到激励。用美的艺术疗救心灵的种种困惑,更是一种全新的心理治疗方式。     

末节断指再植术后甲床放血治疗15例体会

目的研究末节断指再植术后甲床放血治疗的意义。方法对我院15例末节断指再植术病例,术中行吻合指动脉,术后行甲床放血治疗。结果 14例存活,1例坏死。结论末节断指再植术后甲床放血治疗效果满意。     

CSSD护士的职业危害与防护对策相关性研究

医院消毒供应中心(CSSD)是集中全院污染的医疗用品及敷料的部门。长期与致病源、锐器、噪音、化学消毒液、高温、电器辐射、潮湿等因素接触,对CSSD员工的健康和安全产生了威胁。本文分析了CSSD的职业危害因素,并提出职业防护对策,以期提高自我防护水平,减少危害,避免发生医疗不良事件,促进CSSD护理人员的职业健康。     

我国安宁疗护的发展和思考

临终患者在生理和心理方面遭受着不同程度的折磨,安宁疗护的发展对改善其临终生活质量、缓解对死亡的恐惧具有重大的研究意义。本文对我国安宁疗护的发展现状进行综述,分析其影响因素及对策研究,以期为后期开展针对性的安宁疗护提供参考。     

新药研发发展态势分析

新药研发是医药创新发展的关键环节,是新一轮生命科技革命和生物经济变革的核心领域,对引领科技创新、带动经济发展、提升人民健康福祉具有战略意义。当前,前沿技术不断革新、学科跨域融合、数字深度赋能驱动新药研发领域创新日趋活跃,国内外创新性小分子药物、抗体药物、免疫细胞治疗、基因治疗与核酸药物等密集获批上市,为未满足的临床需求提供更多选择。文章深入分析新药研发领域发展趋势、全球新药批准情况,以及我国新药研发发展现状与态势,提出发展启示与建议,以期为新药研发领域发展提供参考。     

写作的心理治疗与辅导:功能、原理及其应用

写作具有宣泄、抚慰、重构认知功能,从而在心理治疗中发挥着独特的作用。写作治疗的基本原理包括:降低压力经验的通达性,减少闯入记忆;形成叙事连贯,达到因果认识与领悟;对事件整合和重构,建构另种生活故事;把问题外化。写作治疗与辅导中的治疗性写作主要包括了日记、信件、自传和主题写作等类型。     

Impact of age on host responses to diet-induced obesity:Development of joint damage and metabolic set points

Background:Osteoarthritis is one of the leading causes of pain and disability worldwide,and a large percentage of patients with osteoarthritis are individuals who are also obese.In recent years,a series of animal models have demonstrated that obesity-inducing diets can result in synovial joint damage(both with and without the superimposition of trauma),which may be related to changes in percentage of body fat and a series of low-level systemic inflammatory mediators.Of note,there is a disparity between whether the dietary challenges commence at weaning,representing a weanling onset,or at skeletal maturity,representing an adult onset of obesity.We wished to evaluate the effect ofthe dietary exposure time and the age at which animals are exposed to a high-fat and high-sucrose(HFS) diet to determine whether these factors may result in disparate outcomes,as there is evidence suggesting that these factors result in differential metabolic disturbances.Based on dietary exposure time,we hypothesized that rats fed an HFS diet for 14 weeks from weaning(HFS Weanling) would demonstrate an increase in knee joint damage scores,whereas rats exposed to the HFS diet for 4 weeks,starting at 12 weeks of age(HFS Adult) and rats exposed to a standard chow diet(Chow)would not display an increase in knee joint damage scores.Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either an HFS diet for 14 weeks from weaning(HFS Weanling) or an HFS diet for 4 weeks,starting at 12 weeks of age(HFS Adult).At sacrifice,joints were scored using the modified Mankin Criteria,and serum was analyzed for a defined subset of inflammatory markers(Interleukin-6,leptin,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,and tumor necrosis factorα).Results:When the HFS Weanling and HFS Adult groups were compared,both groups had a similar percent of body fat,although the HFS Weanling group had a significantly greater body mass than the HFS Adult group.The HFS Weanling and HFS Adult animals had a significant increase in body mass and percentage of body fat when compared to the Chow group.Although knee joint damage scores were low in all 3 groups,we found,contrary to our hypothesis,that the HFS Adult group had statistically significant greater knee joint damage scores than the Chow and HFS Weanling groups.Furthermore,we observed that the HFS Weanling group did not have significant differences in knee joint damage scores relative to the Chow group.Conclusion:These findings indicate that the HFS Weanling animals were better able to cope with the dietary challenge of an HFS diet than the HFS Adult group.Interestingly,when assessing various serum proinflammatory markers,no significant differences were detected between the HTS Adult and HFS Weanling groups.Although details regarding the mechanisms underlying an increase in knee joint damage scores in the HFS Adult group remain to be elucidated,these findings indicate that dietary exposure time maybe less important than the age at which an HFS diet is introduced.Moreover,increases in serum proinflammatory mediators do not appear to be directly linked to knee joint damage scores in the HFS Weanling group animals but may be partially responsible for the observed knee joint damage in the adults over the very short time of exposure to the HFS diet.     

Injectable hybrid inorganic nanoscaffold as rapid stem cell assembly template for cartilage repair

Cartilage injuries are often devastating and most cannot be cured because of the intrinsically low regenerative capacity of cartilage tissues. Although stem-cell therapy has shown enormous potential for cartilage repair, the therapeutic outcome has been restricted by low survival rates and poor chondrocyte differentiation in vivo. Here, we report an injectable hybrid inorganic (IHI) nanoscaffold that facilitates fast assembly, enhances survival and regulates chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells. IHI nanoscaffolds that strongly bind to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins assemble stem cells through synergistic 3D cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, creating a favorable physical microenvironment for stem-cell survival and differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, chondrogenic factors can be loaded into nanoscaffolds with a high capacity, which allows deep, homogenous drug delivery into assembled 3D stem-cell-derived tissues for effective control over the soluble microenvironment of stem cells. The developed IHI nanoscaffolds that assemble with stem cells are injectable. They also scavenge reactive oxygen species and timely biodegrade for proper integration into injured cartilage tissues. Implantation of stem-cell-assembled IHI nanoscaffolds into injured cartilage results in accelerated tissue regeneration and functional recovery. By establishing our IHI nanoscaffold-templated 3D stem-cell assembly method, we provide a promising approach to better overcoming the inhibitory microenvironment associated with cartilage injuries and to advance current stem-cell-based tissue engineering.     

中医非药物疗法对癌症患者免疫力的影响

中医讲＂正气存内,邪不可干＂这里的＂正气＂指人体的抗病能力,相当于西医讲的人体免疫力,肿瘤疾病的发生发展在某种意义上是人体的＂正气不足＂所引起的,它是内因是决定性的因素。就＂驱邪扶正＂提高肿瘤患者的人体免疫力这一难题,传统中医的非药物疗法就有其＂独到之处＂,其方法简便、价格低廉、主治广泛、疗效肯定、无毒副作用等优点,符合健康观念总体需求,也符合生物-心理-社会的现代医学模式。文章就此只论述三种疗法,情志疗法、音乐疗法和气功疗法。