如何在Word中输入英语国际音标

文章介绍了用GWIPA字体库输入英语国际音标的方法,解决了在word中编辑英语音标的问题。通过英语翻译软件或电子词典,如金山词霸和有道词典等,可以轻松地粘贴英语国际音标,无须再用键盘输入音标和汉字解释,但仍需用GWIPA字库做一些修改。     

论高等教育外部治理的市场机制

作为一种准公共产品,高等教育在引入市场机制进行外部治理的过程中,出现了经费市场、师资市场、生源市场、院校市场以及技术服务市场等,通过竞争、选择、多元等市场规则影响着高等教育的发展.由于市场机制本身存在缺陷,在将其引入高等教育领域时,需要政府相关政策法规来规约高等教育发展中的市场行为,多方参与,弥补市场的不足,促进高等教育外部治理顺利进行.     

利用校园文化交流活动构建跨文化交际平台--关于开展校园文化交流活动的反思与设计

要使校园文化交流活动成为跨文化交际的主要平台,需要对校园文化交流活动进行准确的定位。跨文化交际是建立在不同文化背景的人相互理解的基础上的。交流应该建立在平等的层面,其目的是为了相互了解、减少误解、求同存异。因此,开展校园文化交流活动,必须注重中外学生人与人的交流,以互动性的活动为主,把语言交流摆在首位,注重思想方面的交流,加强国情文化知识方面的交流,利用才艺展示等方面,将文化上的输入与输出有效地结合起来,调动留学生参加这种文化交流活动的积极性。     

伽达默尔的内在话语探析

内在话语是伽达默尔解释学普遍性的基础。奥古斯丁对伽达默尔的重要启示在于将语言问题导向了内在话语,并且他所揭示出人类话语的不完满性、过程性等特点为伽达默尔开显外在话语的积极意义奠定了基础。伽达默尔在托马斯?阿奎那关于内在话语的探讨,特别是人与神的区别中,发掘出了丰富的资源,强调了语言与事物的直接联系,以及其事件性质。在伽达默尔那里,内在逻各斯与外在逻各斯的统一是一个辩证法的过程。     

The role of leadership in small scale educational change

By investigating the factors facilitating and hindering a small scale educational change, this study highlights the crucial role of leadership in designing and implementing an educational change at a transnational university in Vietnam. During its initiation stage, the programme leaders seemed to fail to (1) set up a clear schedule for changing, (2) assist external advisory groups in providing training sessions and (3) clarify the responsibilities of external advisory groups. At the implementation stage, programme leaders and teachers were less likely to (1) develop the collective knowledge and understandings required for ongoing instructional improvement, (2) adjust the teaching quality control system and (3) cooperate with advisory groups. The lessons that can be learned include (1) mutual trust between stakeholders is vital to its successful implementation as it may determine the level of efforts stakeholders would make, (2) preparations should include clarifying stakeholders' responsibilities and the accountability system and (3) the external advisory groups need to be properly managed from the very beginning of the change.     

十八大以来中国共产党对国内外矛盾的科学认识及应对策略研究

党的十八大以来,世情、国情发生了重大变化,国内外形势严峻复杂,中国特色社会主义的发展面临的机遇与挑战相互交织.文章运用马克思主义基本原理,从国内、国外两个视角出发,系统梳理十八大以来中国共产党对社会基本矛盾、社会主要矛盾、外部矛盾的理论内涵、发展特征、三重逻辑的科学认识及相应的应对策略,总结其中的理论与实践经验,从而阐...     

How to conduct External Quality Assessment Schemes for the pre-analytical phase?

In laboratory medicine, several studies have described the most frequent errors in the different phases of the total testing process, and a large proportion of these errors occur in the pre-analytical phase. Schemes for registration of errors and subsequent feedback to the participants have been conducted for decades concerning the analytical phase by External Quality Assessment (EQA) organizations operating in most countries. The aim of the paper is to present an overview of different types of EQA schemes for the pre-analytical phase, and give examples of some existing schemes. So far, very few EQA organizations have focused on the pre-analytical phase, and most EQA organizations do not offer pre-analytical EQA schemes (EQAS). It is more difficult to perform and standardize pre-analytical EQAS and also, accreditation bodies do not ask the laboratories for results from such schemes. However, some ongoing EQA programs for the pre-analytical phase do exist, and some examples are given in this paper. The methods used can be divided into three different types; collecting information about pre-analytical laboratory procedures, circulating real samples to collect information about interferences that might affect the measurement procedure, or register actual laboratory errors and relate these to quality indicators. These three types have different focus and different challenges regarding implementation, and a combination of the three is probably necessary to be able to detect and monitor the wide range of errors occurring in the pre-analytical phase.     

非家族高管涉入如何影响企业创新投入？——基于冗余资源的调节作用

根据家族企业发展过程的现实情形,基于家族企业治理的相关理论,引入冗余资源这一情境因素来进一步分析非家族高管涉入对企业创新投入的影响。通过对2008—2020年家族上市企业的样本进行实证分析,发现非家族高管的涉入增加了企业的研发投入强度;不同冗余资源对于企业的创新投入具有异质性的调节作用,未吸收冗余促进非家族高管涉入与企业的研发投入的正向关系,而已吸收冗余则会产生负的调节效应。     

技术异质下中国企业绿色创新效率及损失来源分析

   绿色创新是缓解当前资源环境压力,实现中国工业高质量发展的重要途径。本文基于区域技术异质性与创新投入共享关联特征,构建共同前沿-共享投入关联型两阶段DEA模型以测算2008—2017年中国省际工业企业绿色创新两阶段效率及整体效率。运用“技术落差比率”指标衡量东部、中部与西部地区企业之间的技术差距,并对创新无效率值进行分解以挖掘效率损失根源,定位各地区企业效率提升的关键环节与重点策略。研究结果表明：①共同前沿下中国工业企业绿色研发效率、成果转化效率和整体效率均值分别为0.774、0.831和0.647,共同前沿下各效率值均未超过群组前沿下效率值;考察期内全国及三大地区绿色创新两阶段效率并未有明显改善,呈稳中略降趋势。②三大地区间企业绿色研发与成果转化的技术落差比率差异均显著,绿色研发阶段东-中地区企业间技术差距徘徊于0.2左右,而成果转化阶段东-西地区企业间技术差距最为明显,并呈不断扩大趋势。③东部地区企业绿色创新两阶段效率损失主要源自区域内企业自身管理不当,而中西部地区企业则因技术差距无效和管理无效均造成效率损失,且由区域技术落后引起的效率损失占比超过50%。