生物质炭对铝胁迫下常绿杨生理特征的影响

在不同用量生物质炭的处理下,测定铝胁迫状态下的常绿杨的二氧化碳(CO2)响应曲线、光响应曲线、荧光参数和碳酸酐酶活性,研究生物质炭的输入对铝毒害的改良效果。结果表明:生物质炭的输入使得常绿杨的净光合速率(Pn)对CO2浓度和光强的响应均有明显的提高;实际量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)和表观电子传递速率(ETR)也明显改善;最大量子产量(Fv/Fm)和光化学淬灭系数(qP)变化不大;碳酸酐酶活性也有较大幅度的提高;本实验条件下,生物质炭的用量为3%时,效果最为明显。     

海洋浮游藻类细胞外碳酸酐酶活性分析

分析了海洋浮游藻类细胞外碳酸酐酶（细胞外ＣＡ）活性与无机碳浓度以及藻细胞质膜氧化还原活性之间的关系．     

调节植物发育的胞外信使分子

近年来，相继发现一些植物胞外分子如细胞壁钙调素、胞外Ca^2 、寡糖素和阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白（AGPs）等，它们都是重要的信号源，与植物的发育密切相关。胞外信使分子在植物发育中的重要作用的研究虽刚刚起步，但已受到人们的充分关注和重视。     

海洋浮游藻类DIC利用

本文通过１２种海洋浮游藻类的研究,阐述海洋浮游藻类在碳（Ｃ）充足或有限条件下对水中总溶解无机碳（ＤＩＣ）利用的方式与可能的机制．     

胞外聚合物对污泥脱水性能的影响及其提取方法研究

胞外聚合物(EPS)是微生物在一定环境条件下产生的包围在微生物细胞壁外的多聚化合物。它是活性污泥的重要组成部分,对活性污泥的理化性质产生重要影响,甚至是影响污泥减量的关键因素。本文对胞外聚合物的构成、性质及其对污泥脱水性能的影响进行综述,分析评价了EPS的各类提取方法,并对影响污泥EPS含量的因素及EPS的生物降解性进行了探讨,为进一步深入研究提供颇有价值的参考。     

雷蘑胞外粗多糖对小鼠运动能力的影响

目的:研究雷蘑胞外粗多糖的抗疲劳作用;方法:从雷蘑(Clitocybe Gigantean)AS 5.105深层发酵的滤液中分离得到胞外粗多糖(Crude Extracellular Polysaccharide,CEP),以KM系小鼠为实验模型,以血乳酸(Blood Lactic Acid,BLA)、血尿素氮(Blood Urea Nitrogen,BUN)、肝糖原(Hepatic Glycogen)含量为评价指标,分高、中、低3个剂量组喂养28天后进行抗疲劳实验;结果:胞外粗多糖3个剂量组对小鼠体质量无明显影响(P>0.05),中、高剂量组能明显延长小鼠负重游泳时间(P<0.05),降低运动时血尿素氮水平(P<0.01),提高肝糖原含量(P<0.01),对小鼠运动后血乳酸升高有明显的抑制作用(P<0.05),能促进运动后血乳酸的消除,且存在剂量依赖效应;结论:雷蘑胞外粗多糖具有抗疲劳和促进运动恢复的作用。     

基质金属蛋白酶与肌腱重塑

基质金属蛋白酶是降解肌腱细胞外基质蛋白的重要蛋白酶,在肌腱重塑中具有重要的作用。一些基质金属蛋白酶对保持肌腱的健康是必需的,而另一些可能会导致肌腱的损伤。目前研究表明机械负载、炎性因子影响腱细胞中基质金属蛋白的表达和活性,共同作用于腱细胞时具有协同或抑制效应。适当运动可使肌腱发生重塑,改善其力学性能、生化组成及结构。     

Age-specific response of skeletal muscle extracellular matrix to acute resistance exercise: A pilot study

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an essential role in the development, growth and repair of skeletal muscles and serves to transmit contractile force. However, its regulation is poorly understood. This study investigates the age-specificity of the effects of acute resistance exercise on ECM gene expression. To this purpose, five young (YM, 23.8?±?2.2 yrs.) and 5 elderly (EM, 66.8?±?4.1 yrs.) men performed one session of unilateral leg press and leg extension exercises. Six hours post-exercise, biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis muscles of both legs. A PCR array was used to profile the expression of 84 ECM-related genes, of which 6 were validated by qPCR. The PCR array found 9 and 4 ECM-associated genes to be selectively altered (>1.5-fold change) in YM or EM only. Four further genes were upregulated in YM but downregulated in EM. Of the 6 genes validated on individual samples MMP9 expression increased in YM (9.7-fold) and decreased (0.2-fold) in EM. MMP15 was downregulated in EM only (0.6-fold). A significant correlation between leg extension 1 RM and changes in COL7A1 expression (ρ?=?0.71) suggests a potential influence of fitness levels. In conclusion, acute resistance exercise affects ECM gene expression at least partly in an age-specific manner. The altered expression of genes encoding matrix metalloproteinases (MMP3, MMP9, MMP15) highlights the role of remodelling processes in the response to an acute bout of resistance exercise. Larger studies are required to verify the age-associated differences in gene expression profiles and establish their functional implications.     

用细胞跟踪系统确定在外细胞间质(ECMs)上的细胞迁移(英文)

大部分哺乳动物具有细胞迁移容量.细胞迁移对于生命中的许多生物学现象有重要作用.在胚胎形成中,细胞迁移是在重要的形态形成过程中重复出现的主题.在成年人的组织中、在正常的生理学以及病理学中,细胞迁移都有其重要性.在炎症反应中,白血球迁移到受伤区域,在哪里它们进行吞噬细胞和实现免疫功能.虽然在现在已有创伤愈合细胞迁移测定等几种方法,但是这些细胞迁移的测定方法对于各类问题并不是总有效的[1-6].我们发展了一种由计算机辅助的时间流逝显示微观复制系统,它包括影象形成过程软件,其程序编制含有自动影象分析和自设计CO2微小细胞培育器,它的功能是在一个倒置显微镜平台上对于细胞迁移进行迅速而精确的分析从而形成细胞的培育.我们运用这一计算机辅助系统计算了外细胞间质(ECMs)覆盖表面的细胞迁移.     

Assessment of total body water and its compartments in elite judo athletes: comparison of bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy with dilution techniques

Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) is an inexpensive and non-invasive technique to measure total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW), and intracellular water (ICW). The purpose of this study was to validate TBW, ECW and ICW assessed by BIS, using dilution techniques as the reference method (REF) in elite judo athletes. Thirty-two Portuguese elite male judo athletes were evaluated during a period of weight stability. TBW, ECW and ICW were assessed by BIS (Xitron 4000). Deuterium and bromide dilution techniques were used as the criterion method for measuring TBW and ECW, while ICW was calculated as the difference between the two. BIS explained 96%, 77% and 94% of the total variability from REFs for TBW, ECW and ICW, respectively. BIS also demonstrated high precision (ρ ≥ 0.88) and accuracy (C_b = 0.98), with a minimum concordance coefficient correlation of 0.87 for ECW. The mean bias demonstrated that BIS slightly overestimated the REF in 1.1 kg (2.3%), 0.3 kg (1.6%) and 0.8 kg (2.7%) for TBW, ECW and ICW, respectively. The 95% limits of agreement ranged from ?1.2 to 3.3 kg in TBW, from ?1.8 to 2.4 kg in ECW and from ?1.0 to 2.6 kg in ICW. A non-significant trend was found between the difference and the mean of reference and alternative methods. These findings highlight the efficacy of BIS as a valid non-biased tool for the assessment of TBW and its compartments in elite male judo athletes, during a period of weight stability.