清华大学图书馆“保钓、统运”资料收藏与读者服务

清华大学图书馆在接收捐赠的基础上,建立并不断完善"保钓、统运"资料特藏,在专家团队的协作下,开展口述访谈,注重学生参与,并成立保钓资料收藏研究中心,继续深入挖掘并整理"保钓、统运"资料特藏,为读者提供服务。     

新中国成立初期研究生教育的历史变迁过程与特点探析(1949-1966)—以早期教育史研究班为个案

中华人民共和国成立至“文化大革命”前17年间,教育史研究班在全国范围内共举办了三届:1955年,苏联专家杰普莉茨卡娅在华东师范大学开办的首届教育史研究班,1956年,华东师范大学校长孟宪承指导的中国教育史研究班,1961年,北京师范大学创办的中国教育史研究班.这三届教育史研究班作为研究生教育探索历程中的生动案例,是新中国成立初期研究生教育探索历史的一个缩影.考察和分析早期教育史研究班的创办过程及其研究生培养的各个环节,不仅展现出新中国成立初期从学习苏联到逐渐探索适合我国国情的研究生教育历史变迁过程,而且呈现出该时期研究生教育从学习模仿到初步专业规范化的历史特点.     

论事实推定在行政诉讼中的应用--兼评行政诉讼证明标准

事实推定不是民事诉讼所独有,在行政诉讼领域,由于具体行政行为种类的多样性和差异性,证据确凿不应是行政诉讼审判实践中的唯一证明标准,不同种类的具体行政行为可以适用不同的证明标准,这为行政诉讼中事实推定的运用提供了发展空间,即当行政诉讼案件事实不明时同样可以以事实推定的方式进行认定。     

浅谈新闻采访前的准备

新闻采访是新闻工作中的重要环节,是新闻写作的前提。新闻采访过程中除了要记者掌握好采访技巧外,更重要的一点是新闻采访前要做好准备,这样才会在采访时得心应手,获取想要得到的有价值的信息。基于此,着重论述新闻采访前需要做的准备,以及新闻采访前做准备的重要性,以期促进新闻采访质量的进一步提高。     

Perceived Information Exchange and Health Control Expectancies as Influenced by a Patient's Medical Interview Situation

The purpose of this study was to examine how a patient's medical interview situation influences the relationship between the health locus of control and information exchange. Participants included 537 people who completed the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale and the patient version of the Medical Communication Competence Scale in reference to their last health care visit. The results indicated that the situation surrounding the medical interview influenced the relationship between the health locus of control and information exchange.     

Determinants of diachronic information seeking among communication intermediaries

While the study of the ethical use of new technologies in journalistic work is imperative given the widespread use of such technology, such studies are few and far between, particularly for the developing world. This paper provides results of an exploratory, qualitative study of Indian journalists’ views about the ethical use of new computer and Internet-based technologies for news gathering and reporting in India. New digital technology was widely accessible to the respondents, but not all journalists were given the tools by their employers. Opinions about ethical news practices using new technology were mixed and revealed a few grey areas. English language national newspapers tended to indicate that their standards were strict and that ethical violations, exacerbated by new technology, occurred mostly in vernacular newspapers. On the whole, respondents had not heard often of other organizations or individuals committing unethical practices such as plagiarism and lack of attribution using new technology. Still, some beliefs indicated uncertainty about ethical practice or breach of ethical principles. The findings of this study have implications for journalism education and on-the-job training of Indian journalists, as well as for formulating ethical codes of journalism, particularly with regard to new media. Indian codes focus more on the roles journalists should play in society and do not provide very specific tactical guidance for everyday news gathering. Coupled with lack of training, this creates a situation where perceptions about journalistic ethics are sometimes vague and variant.     

Helping Public Library Patrons Find Medical Information-The Reference Interview

Abstract

Public libraries are often the first access point for additional information resources on health and medical topics. We, as librarians, must be aware of our role in the information seeking process, and communicate with the patron effectively in order to direct them to appropriate resources. Particular attention must be given in the reference interview, including adequate follow-up support and consideration for protecting confidentiality. This paper discusses elements of the reference interview and describes measures that can be taken to avoid personal liability while directing patrons to health information resources.     

开放式访谈设计中民族志决策树模型的应用及改进

将民族志决策树模型及扎根理论融合应用到开放式访谈设计的问题条目获取、问卷的模型构建及问卷模型的合理性检验三方面。在阐述民族志决策树模型相关理论的基础上,分析该模型和扎根理论融合应用的可行性及必要性,并将二者应用到开放式访谈设计中,提出开放式访谈问卷的模型设计架构,并以社交网站用户流失访谈为例给予说明。结果显示,设计的开放式问卷条目顺序合理、内容表述完善,其设计架构对开放式访谈问卷的设计具有指导意义。     

Students’ ideas about prismatic images: teaching experiments for an image-based approach

ABSTRACT

Prismatic refraction is a classic topic in science education. To investigate how undergraduate students think about prismatic dispersion, and to see how they change their thinking when observing dispersed images, five teaching experiments were done and analysed according to the Model of Educational Reconstruction. For projection through a prism, the students used a ‘split image projection’ conceptualisation. For the view through a prism, this conceptualisation was not fruitful. Based on the observed images, six of seven students changed to a ‘diverted image projection’ conceptualisation. From a comparison between students’ and scientists’ ideas, teaching implications are derived for an image-based approach.     

Teachers’ beliefs about improving transfer of algebraic skills from mathematics into physics in senior pre-university education

ABSTRACT

Students in senior pre-university education encounter difficulties in the application of mathematics into physics. This paper presents the outcome of an explorative qualitative study of teachers’ beliefs about improving the transfer of algebraic skills from mathematics into physics. We interviewed 10 mathematics and 10 physics teachers using a semi-structured questionnaire that was based on an algebraic transfer problem. Almost all teachers acknowledged this transfer problem and considered it to be important. We found a continuum of teachers’ beliefs about aspects influencing transfer, including beliefs on improving this transfer. Together with identified improvement aspects about coherent mathematics education, these may help reduce physics teachers’ frustrations who spend extra time on re-teaching mathematics. Teachers think that transfer does not happen, because students see both subjects as separate disciplines. Contrary to most physics teachers, most mathematics teachers do not feel the need to collaborate with physics teachers. We found two extreme, opposite beliefs about the transfer of algebraic skills into physics. An intermediate group believes that only an integrated approach can solve the transfer problem. Some of the teachers’ beliefs could be organised into a beliefs system. Further research could investigate to which extent such beliefs systems exist and which beliefs these contain.