高校图书馆重点访谈制度研究

文章阐明了高校图书馆采访工作中重点访谈制度的意义，提出了选择重点访谈对象的标准，实施重点访谈制度必须遵循的原则。     

道德社会学视角下运动教育模式的德育实践研究

摘要：在道德社会学理论视角下,运用文献资料法、访谈法、逻辑分析法,针对运动教育模式开展体育活动的过程中,所体现出具体的德育实践形式与价值进行分析和阐释,为我国运用运动教育模式来开展德育实践活动提供参考,为开发青少年学生喜闻乐见的德育载体提供启示。研究结果如下：1）运动教育模式下围绕某项体育比赛组织开展一系列实践活动,形成模拟的集体社会生活世界,这是一个渗透德育理念的道德实践场域,参与者在该场域中作为担负不同角色职能的道德实践个体,被不同的道德实践单元接纳;2）道德实践个体在活动中,通过道德实践单元内的言行交往,生产出“角色职能、团队认同、分享成败”道德事实,而在所处道德实践单元与其他道德实践单元之间的言行交往,生产出“公平竞争、分享成败、行业认同”道德事实;3）生产出道德事实的言行交往,不仅实现了其“社会群体归属感”和“纪律精神”的属性,更是将社群属性的纪律精神内化为“自律”属性。     

Starting the data conversation: informing data services at an academic health sciences library

Objective

The research obtained information to plan data-related products and services.

Methods

Biomedical researchers in an academic medical center were selected using purposive sampling and interviewed using open-ended questions based on a literature review. Interviews were conducted until saturation was achieved.

Results

Interview responses informed library planners about researchers’ key data issues.

Conclusions

This approach proved valuable for planning data management products and services and raising library visibility among clients in the research data realm.     

学生作业负担的课堂评价因素探讨

通过访谈17位中小学教师对学生作业负担影响因素的理解,结果发现：大部分教师认为作业布置（作业类型、作业来源和是否允许有选择的做）、作业批改与反馈、课堂反馈和评价伦理（教师偏好）通过影响学生作业正确率、作业态度和心情,进而会影响学生的作业负担。针对这些发现,提出如下建议：分层设计多种类型的作业,有效减轻不同学生的作业负担;作业批改与反馈应关注描述性和时效性,改善学生后续作业的质量;课堂反馈应注重激励性,有效减轻学生的作业心理负担;营建和谐的师生关系,丰富学生积极的作业体验。     

人性判断与秩序构建--论韩非子对荀子思想的疏离及异化

荀子的性恶论并非“性本恶”而是一种“后果恶”,是针对过度纵欲导致群体生存失序而做出的价值判断。韩非子已经跳出对人性作善恶与否判断的思维模式,而是径直对人性做出经验性的事实判断。价值判断与事实判断的分野,是荀韩人性论的根本差异所在。对于人性的价值判断必然导向“应然”的意义诉求,所以荀子构建的“礼义之统”与个体之间处在一种柔性互动关系中;而事实判断必然指向“实然”的实践运作,故而韩非子认为“唯治为法”,其“法”与人性之间是一种刚性关系,只能顺性而不能逆性。韩非子的秩序构建方案缺乏内在的社会凝聚力,其逻辑前提逻辑地决定了其方案本身内蕴着分裂与动乱的因素。而荀子在注重社会现实的同时充分地注意到意义世界的重要性,较好地协调了事实与价值之间的张力,其秩序建构方案充满内在的凝聚力,可以实现社会内部的良性互动与动态平衡。     

体育用品企业招聘销售人员的结构化面试探析

在介绍体育用品企业的相关概念、企业销售人员胜任力模型及结构化面试概述的基础上,阐述体育用品企业招聘销售人员中结构化面试的实施过程,分析体育用品企业招聘销售人员的结构化面试中所存在的问题,并基于此提出了相应的对策与建议,为各体育用品企业招聘销售人员提供参考。     

增压辅助方法对大鼠骨骼肌HIF-1α表达的影响

目的:通过高原低氧大强度训练与增压辅助方法相结合建立动物模型,探讨高原低氧大强度训练后施加增压辅助方法对大鼠骨骼肌组织HIF-1α表达的影响。方法:wistar大鼠32只随机分为4组:其中A组为自然环境下恢复,B组0.2MPa增压1h恢复,C组0.2MPa增压2h恢复,D组0.3MPa增压2h恢复。4组大鼠在西宁(2260m)经过3天适应性训练和6天正式训练。在最后一次训练结束后24h所有大鼠实施腹腔麻醉取大鼠一侧腓肠肌,运用蛋白质免疫印迹法检测各组HIF-1α蛋白表达量。结果:施加增压辅助方法干预后各恢复组大鼠骨骼肌HIF-1α蛋白表达较自然恢复组呈上升趋势,其中B组增幅较大。结论:通过1周低氧大强度训练后,施加增压辅助方法的实验发现,各增压恢复组大鼠骨骼肌HIF-1α蛋白表达上调,表明高原训练后施加增压辅助方法可能对增强机体低氧耐受能力产生影响,有利于机体运动疲劳的快速恢复以及有效发挥高原训练的优势。     

论调查性报道的采访特点

调查性报道是一种以揭示真相为宗旨的报道方式，其采访和普通报道方式不同，具有相对独立、更加科学、投入较大以及更加复杂等特点。     

Children's disclosures of sexual abuse: learning from direct inquiry

Objectives

Published protocols for forensic interviewing for child sexual abuse do not include specific questions about what prompted children to tell about sexual abuse or what made them wait to tell. We, therefore, aimed to: (1) add direct inquiry about the process of a child's disclosure to a forensic interview protocol; (2) determine if children will, in fact, discuss the process that led them to tell about sexual abuse; and (3) describe the factors that children identify as either having led them to tell about sexual abuse or caused them to delay a disclosure.

Methods

Forensic interviewers were asked to incorporate questions about telling into an existing forensic interview protocol. Over a 1-year period, 191 consecutive forensic interviews of child sexual abuse victims aged 3-18 years old in which children spoke about the reasons they told about abuse or waited to tell about abuse were reviewed. Interview content related to the children's reasons for telling or for waiting to tell about abuse was extracted and analyzed using a qualitative methodology in order to capture themes directly from the children's words.

Results

Forensic interviewers asked children about how they came to tell about sexual abuse and if children waited to tell about abuse, and the children gave specific answers to these questions. The reasons children identified for why they chose to tell were classified into three domains: (1) disclosure as a result of internal stimuli (e.g., the child had nightmares), (2) disclosure facilitated by outside influences (e.g., the child was questioned), and (3) disclosure due to direct evidence of abuse (e.g., the child's abuse was witnessed). The barriers to disclosure identified by the children were categorized into five groups: (1) threats made by the perpetrator (e.g., the child was told (s)he would get in trouble if (s)he told), (2) fears (e.g., the child was afraid something bad would happen if (s)he told), (3) lack of opportunity (e.g., the child felt the opportunity to disclose never presented), (4) lack of understanding (e.g., the child failed to recognize abusive behavior as unacceptable), and (5) relationship with the perpetrator (e.g., the child thought the perpetrator was a friend).

Conclusions

Specific reasons that individual children identify for why they told and why they waited to tell about sexual abuse can be obtained by direct inquiry during forensic interviews for suspected child sexual abuse.

Practice implications

When asked, children identified the first person they told and offered varied and specific reasons for why they told and why they waited to tell about sexual abuse. Understanding why children disclose their abuse and why they wait to disclose will assist both professionals and families. Investigators and those who care for sexually abused children will gain insight into the specific barrier that the sexually abused child overcame to disclose. Prosecutors will be able to use this information to explain to juries why the child may have delayed his or her disclosure. Parents who struggle to understand why their child disclosed to someone else or waited to disclose will have a better understanding of their child's decisions.     

论家庭暴力法律事实的诉讼证明

家庭暴力案件的复杂性之一在于家庭暴力法律事实的认定存在难度,因此需要建立相应的诉讼证明标准。而如何通过诉讼证明存在家庭暴力的事实,一直是司法界和学术界难以解决的问题之一。因此,对于家庭暴力认定难的问题,有必要对有关诉讼的证明标准、举证责任以及证据形式和证明力等问题进行探讨。在诉讼中,既要考虑家庭暴力的特殊性,也要看到此类案件与一般诉讼案件的共同性,应当遵循诉讼的一般规则,通过程序正义来保障实体的正义。