浅析高校家庭经济困难学生脱困问题

随着高校家庭经济困难学生人数的日益增多,如何保证这些学生的求学之路,保障他们的成长成才,也日益受到政府、社会和学校的重视并采取了行之有效的措施和方法。作为高校思政工作者,更要关注家庭经济困难学生从思想、人格上摆脱贫困。本文通过感恩教育和三自教育的思考和实践来对这个问题进行初步探讨。无论是感恩教育还是三自教育,只有让家庭经济困难学生内化为自有品格,才是我们工作的出发点和归宿。     

Working with systems and thinking systemically – disentangling the crossed wires

This article explores two separate traditions that educational psychologists (EPs) in the UK have for working with systems. One of these is “systems work” with organisations such as schools. The other is “systemic thinking” for working with families. Over the years these two traditions, systems work and systemic thinking, have become crossed and intertwined. This article clarifies the connections between them by providing a historical overview, largely based on articles published by Educational Psychology in Practice and the thinking of R. Dallos and R. Draper on Family Therapy, of how they have developed. Opportunities for EPs working in Children Services to use systemic thinking and systems work are highlighted.     

Life circumstances and public policies for young children in immigrant families

Young children, birth through eight, are more diverse than other age groups in the United States. They are more likely to be first- or second-generation immigrants and, as a consequence, more likely to belong to racial-ethnic groups originating outside European nations. Many also live with parents whose heritage language is not English. For these reasons, children in immigrant families merit special attention by policy-makers, program administrators, and others who have responsibility for assuring that the young children of today become competent students, workers, citizens, and parents in the years ahead. The development of effective policies and programs for all children and families depends on having information about their life circumstances, including their family composition, education, work, income, and housing, and for immigrants, also their country of origin, citizenship, and language skills. This article presents new results from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey for 2005, 2006, and 2007, reflecting important life circumstances of young children in immigrant families, compared to those in native-born families. We present new population projections from the U.S. Census Bureau, which highlight the increasingly important role that children of immigrants will play in the economy and civil society during the coming decades. We then discuss implications for the design and implementation of effective policies and programs.     

Identifying Sequences of Advice-Giving in Online Military Discussion Forums

Advice can be beneficial yet risky, particularly when offering suggestions in sensitive and unique situations. Applying the integrated model of advice-giving as a guiding framework, we examined 916 supportive messages exchanged on 12 web-based military discussion forums to investigate the link between the characteristics of support-seeking requests and the types of support provided. Only 1% of replies displayed the theoretically preferable sequence of emotional support, analysis of the problem, then advice. Individuals who used sad language were less likely to receive advice only and more likely to receive emotional support upfront. Users who sought advice often encountered responses that contained only advice. Responses to individuals who discussed their troubles or requested only emotional support followed a slightly different pattern. We discuss implications for advice-givers/receivers and users of military online forums.     

Enhancing the participation of immigrant families in schools through Intermediary Organizations? The case of Parents’ Associations in Catalonia

This paper discusses the results of an action-research project developed in a federation of Parents Associations (PAs) in Catalonia, aimed at helping PAs involve immigrant families. First, I nuance the idea of participation in schools to highlight some of the problems associated with participative initiatives targeting ‘hard to reach’ parents. Then, I borrow the notion of Intermediary Organizations (IOs) to assess in what ways PAs may be able to become a valuable resource to help schools involve immigrant parents. In this regard, I analyse the situation of Pas located in multicultural contexts. Then, three specific PA projects are discussed to illustrate PA’s strengths and weaknesses when leading their own projects. In conclusion, I argue that, in order to work as truly IOs, PAs must: (a) build on the experiences of successful PAs leading projects; (b) strengthen their organizational closure; and (c) lessen their responsibility to carry on important school services.     

试论中原移民与赣中世家大族的历史形成

赣中即江西中部,这是一个自宋元以来多世家大族的区域。其形成原因主要是唐宋中原移民开基赣中后,在稳定的社会环境与优越的地理环境中稳定地传续着,以耕读传家和科举仕进为生存方式,形成了不仅族大且科举人才辈出,从而形成了赣中多世家大族。     

Outsourcing the State’s responsibilities? Third Sector Organizations supporting migrant families’ participation in schools in Catalonia and London

Based on two case studies of Third Sector Organizations (TSOs) working with schools and parents in Catalonia and London, this paper aims to discuss some of the implications of ‘participative’ programmes aimed at involving those migrant families seen by schools as ‘hard to reach’. First, we describe how an ambiguous notion of participation can shift responsibilities to families and leave internal school practices free from critical gaze. Second, we focus on the complexities and tensions involved in the process of partnering TSOs with schools because of the bureaucratic nature of educational institutions and unresolved conflicts of interests and responsibilities. Finally, we argue that the potential of these initiatives were limited and diluted by being stand-alone and time-limited. Our analysis suggests that, in spite of their apparent success, they ended up being part of powerful authorising narratives that justify the outsourcing of public services and the abdication of the State’s responsibilities.     

Effects of reintegration difficulties,perceived message acceptance and perceived autonomy support on U.S. military Veterans’ evaluations of messages encouraging them to seek behavioral health care

This online experiment integrates confirmation, politeness, and self-determination theories to examine how Veterans evaluate family members’ messages encouraging them to seek behavioral health care. Veterans (N?=?226) evaluated messages manipulated to express high or low levels of acceptance and autonomy support, completed outcome measures (persuasiveness, relational impact, identity management, emotions), and reported on their own reintegration difficulties. Positive associations were found between perceived message acceptance and three outcomes, and perceived autonomy support and two outcomes. Reintegration difficulties were associated with more negative message perceptions. Perceived acceptance and autonomy support also mediated a number of associations between manipulated message features and outcomes, as well as reintegration difficulties and outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

谈高职院校家庭经济困难学生的评定与管理

近年来,高校中家庭经济困难学生的数量不断增加,在现行制度和条件下,如何让国家的资助措施发挥更大效用,成为教育界普遍关心的问题。而高校中家庭经济困难学生的认定工作在其中发挥着基础性和关键性的作用。为此建立较完善的评定制度和资助方法,已是目前助学帮困工作迫切需要解决的问题。     

美国战后“回归家庭”现象与郊区化

二战结束后,美国出现了一个回归家庭的时期,"结婚潮"出现,大量新的家庭组建起来,核心家庭数目大增。此时兴起的郊区化浪潮,兴建的郊区住宅,正好迎合了核心家庭的需要,新组建的家庭最终选择到郊区居住生活和生儿育女,从而推动了郊区的迅速发展。美国联邦政府的政策对美国人回归家庭和郊区化浪潮起了推波助澜的作用。