1894年省港疫灾研究

1894年，省港两地疫灾肆虐，不仅给两地造成了生命财产的重大损失，而且还导致了各种社会矛盾的激化。为此，省港两地都开展了抗灾救灾活动，但由于两地社会状况不同，所取举措不同，抗灾救灾呈现出不同的特点，也带来迥异的成效。     

简论我国公立学校教师非诉讼救济渠道的局限与完善

随着我国教师聘任制的推行,公立学校与教师的法律关系转变为一种特殊的行政关系。目前我国法律法规中所规定的非诉讼救济制度由于救济范围有限,仍存在较大的局限性,使得在新的法律关系下,公立学校教师的合法权益得不到很好的救济。需要通过建立校内申诉制度、教育仲裁制度和教育法律监督制度来补充和完善教师的非诉讼救济渠道。     

Discourse appropriation and category boundary work: casual teachers in the market

With the increasing casualisation of the teacher labour force, there is little written on the experiences of casual teachers and the challenges they face in brokering professional identities within constantly shifting and uncertain work contexts. Being a category bound casual teacher (a product of category boundary work) is a complex subject position. The aim of this article is to advance our understandings of the identity work inherent in casual relief teachers (CRTs) performativity. Anti-essentialist theories support this exploration of CRT subjectivities and processes of discourse appropriation. Using collective biography methodology as re-storied memory work, this article speaks back to neoliberal politics of casualisation. The stories draw attention to how both experienced practitioners and newly graduated teachers might ‘do’ category boundary work within the complexity of school politics as they navigate the uncertainty of gaining and maintaining employment in the Education market.     

Structural marginalisation,othering and casual relief teacher subjectivities

Produced through market relations of neoliberal managerialism, teacher subjectivities are becoming progressively commodified. With the increasing casualisation of the teaching workforce, the well-being and status of casual relief teachers (CRTs) can be seen as an area of concern, at risk of ‘flexploitation’. More than just a convenient labour pool, CRTs operate on the margins of school communities, a space fraught with a range of issues. In many instances, CRTs experience less job satisfaction; less rapport with students and colleagues and less access to school information, professional development, resources and teaching materials. This article draws on a positioning theory to frame the discursive production of CRT selves within the neoliberal milieu. It offers a detailed analysis of collective biographies that explore narrative formations of casual teaching. Schooling discourse is replete with metaphorical language that frames teacher positioning, and a range of existing metaphors in CRT literature highlight their vulnerability in particular. Rather than offering an analysis that addresses casual teacher performance as a problem to be solved, this article proposes that the relationship between ‘structural marginalisation and the ‘othering’ that CRTs can experience is associated with the politics of market-related performativity.     

理性之光与理性之累－－张一弓创作浮沉论

作为一位主流作家,张一弓创作的突出特点是处处闪烁着理性的光辉。八十年代初期到中期,他对于“左倾”历史,变革着的农村和人的生存意义和理性反思使其作品极具震撼力。但是,一个作家的优势有时会因环境的不同而变成他创作超越的羁绊。八十年代后期,在世俗化潮流的冲击下,郁结着强烈的忧患意识和反思批判精神的张一弓陷入精神困惑之中。后期创作表现出的面向市场和拒绝世俗,启蒙话语和苍白叙事、渴望创新与模仿追随的矛盾,构成了其创作停滞的内在原因。     

文学的孤独和理想环境对孤独的消解

文人在消解自己的孤独意识时 ,寄希望于理想环境。这种理想环境包括和谐宁静的大自然 ,田园山水派是其代表 ;吏隐者所选择的人文环境 ;桃花源环境和乡土文学中所描写的故乡环境。     

道光十一年苏皖救灾述评

道光十一年江苏、安徽等省发生大范围的严重水灾，清政府采取了一系列的赈灾措施。本次救灾虽然取得了一定的成绩，但也暴露了吏治腐败对晚清荒政的消极影响。     

唐后期两税三分制下的地方财政与救灾

唐后期两税三分制的实行使得中央与地方在财政上进行了利益分割。由于地方的财政包干制,使得地方财政能够利用两税收入、财政羡余,甚至还有私用钱和军资粮储参与救灾,在常平义仓的建设、赋税蠲免、灾害赈济等方面发挥了重要的作用。为了减轻灾害及救灾给中央财政带来的负担,唐中央政府也多次督促地方利用留使、留州财政进行救灾。地方财政参与救灾本身有中央政府与地方利益冲突的背景,但客观上也提高了地方救灾的主动性与效率,促进了唐后期地方经济的发展。但在唐后期两税三分制下的地方救灾也由于相应监督管理制度的废弛导致一系列问题的产生。     

近代中国自然经济解体中灾荒因素探析

从经济史和社会史交叉的视野切入,分析灾荒,可见其对劳动力市场的形成、商品经济的畸形繁荣、外来经济入侵加剧等有着重要的作用。它改变了农民传统的生活方式和生产方式,使得以农业和家庭手工业结合为核心的自然经济失去了存在的根基,乃至最终瓦解。     

魏晋南北朝时期荒政述论

魏晋南北朝时期，自然灾害频繁发生，各政权除采取重农防灾政策外，还实施了诸如除害灭灾、蠲免、赈济、调粟、养恤、节约等具体的救荒措施，这对恢复灾后社会生产能力、调动劳动者生产积极性，保障社会安定和百姓生活起到了积极作用。