‘It’s not right for boys to play with dolls’: young children constructing and policing gender during ‘free play’ in a South African classroom

This paper focuses on the ways in which five- to seven-year-old primary school children in a Black/African township in South Africa construct and experience ‘free play’ in the classroom. Findings highlight the gendered manner in which play is constructed and constantly policed by these young children during ‘free play’. By foregrounding the young children’s gendered constructions and experiences of ‘free play’, the paper challenges the common sense teacher perceptions and constructions of children’s play that suggest children have ‘free choice’. The paper reveals that play is far from a ‘free’ activity as it is heavily constrained by specific contextual gender norms and expectations which limit possibilities by reproducing polarised versions of gender and perpetuate gender inequalities. Implications focus on the ways in which teachers can work with children to challenge the boundaries of gender during ‘free play’.     

唐代小说中的阎罗王——印度地狱神的中国化

佛教自两汉之际传入中土,其地狱观念伴随佛经传译和教义的流行而逐渐播布华夏。魏晋以降,外来的地狱信仰与本土固有的冥界思想相互融合,开始形成具有中国特色的地狱观念。本文从阎罗地狱信仰在唐代融入中国民众信仰的神谱,阎罗信仰与地藏信仰合流的原因和影响,以及阎罗地狱信仰在唐代小说中世俗化的表现等方面进行分析论述,认为佛教地狱观念经过中国文化的洗礼在唐代基本完成了“中国化”的过程,形成了植根中国文化土壤的阎罗地狱信仰,阎罗王也由印度的地狱神演变为中国的“世俗化”的地狱主宰。     

《围城》与《儒林外史》审美品格比较

《儒林外史》和《围城》两部讽刺小说都自觉接续了小说喜剧性的传统，同时未忘对社会人生的严肃思考，形成了悲喜剧交融的审美品格。但在构成小说喜剧性元素的丰富性方面，《围城》显然远远超过了《儒林外史》，在讽刺之外，充分运用了滑稽、幽默、机智等多种喜剧元素，增强了作品的喜剧效果。     

新时期小说创作得失浅谈

新时期小说创作取得了可喜的成绩：一是学流派纷呈；二是创作手法多样化；三是主流意识形态在小说创作中的隐退；四是小说创作的个体化意识明显加强。新时期小说创作也存在不足：还没有一部作品能达到“独象”的程度；在某种程度上说是对西方的摹仿多于作家的个人创造；如何在“穿越”政治的层面后，进一步“穿越”化的类的本质，探求人类共同的价值，进行更个人化的写作，还有待于作家的努力。     

论鲁迅小说的季节叙事的精神本质

季节叙事是鲁迅小说的重要的时空控制机制,鲁迅为自己的小说设置了冬季叙事、夏季叙事与春季—秋季叙事三种季节叙事类型;鲁迅对季节叙事的选择和运用隐藏着复杂的情感指向,形成了冬—热、夏—冷与春秋—爱憎三种情感模式;透过鲁迅小说的情感模式,可以发现叙述者充满了孤独与绝望的精神体验。     

乡村的自语--论莫言小说创作的精神及意义

莫言的小说大都以乡村为题材,他以较明确的乡村自我立场,表现了乡村的深层文化精神。莫言展示乡村精神的两个典型意象是苦难和幻想,叙述方法上也融入了较多的乡村文化特征,体现出乡村自语的精神姿态。莫言的乡村书写与其生活经历、文化姿态有深刻的关联,也有充分的文学史意义,但一些作品中也存在着浮浅和炫奇的缺陷。     

从“改良群治”到“文学改良”———以两篇文学革命的发难之作为中心

文章对“小说界革命”的理论宣言的《论小说与群治之关系》和五四文学革命首篇发难之作的《文学改良刍议》进行个案分析和比较, 以期对这段时间文学的发展流变有一个比较清晰的把握, 并由此考察文学发展过程中的断裂与联系。     

论刘桢五言诗的“爱奇”

刘桢“仗气爱奇”,写成了“真骨凌霜,高风跨俗”的不朽诗篇。这既与其自身的浩然正气有着联系,也和他“爱奇”有很大关系。他仗着自己的博学多才,率直成诗,有意无意间追求比兴的奇瑰、章法的奇巧和用语的奇壮,构成了其诗的奇伟之势,奠定了他在五言诗史上的崇高地位,并旁及后来诗人。     

Talking Tolkien: The Elvish Craft of CGI

Voted the greatest book of all time in several polls, J. R. R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings has been made into three films between 2001–2003 by New Zealand director Peter Jackson with the complete trilogy out on DVD in 2004. Prompted by the question: “What would Tolkien have made of them?” Mark Sinker discusses the films and the books by way of Tolkien’s inspiration William Morris and the English Arts and Crafts Movement’s notion of ‘‘right-making’’. Sinker contrasts the techniques of computer generated imagery (CGI) with Tolkien’s own ethic of the art and craft of writing, looking at Tolkien’s radical contribution to Fantasy as a genre for adults and how ‘right’ story-telling emerges into 21st century culture.     

叙事艺术的绘画、雕刻、建筑美——京派女作家小说研究之一

京派女作家是继文研会女作家之后,与"左联"女作家并立、成就显著的女性书写群体.本文仅从叙事艺术的绘画、雕刻、建筑美,探究京派女作家小说审美的形式特征,总结其艺术创造的经验教训.