Resiliency as a factor protecting youths from risky behaviour: Moderating effects of gender and sport

We hypothesised that resiliency may protect adolescents against risky behaviours, and that both the practicing of sports, and gender are moderating variables in relationships between resiliency and risky behaviours. The study included 18-year-old pupils from a selection of secondary schools (n = 556). A total of 188 individuals practiced competitive sports and the remaining 368 participants were non-athletes. The participants were examined with the Resiliency Assessment Scale for Children and Adolescents (SPP-18) and with a survey containing questions and statements related to high-risk “experiments with adulthood”. Adolescent athletes showed higher levels of resiliency than their peers. The power of the “Determination and Persistence in Action” effect on “Alcohol” scale differed significantly between male athletes and male non-athletes. Only in the athletes groups were higher scores on this scale reflected by lower values on the “Drugs” scale. Moreover, it is possible to observe differences in undertaking risky behaviour between male and female athletes. The analysis of risky sexual behaviour suggests that sport is a risk factor for men, and a protective factor for women. These data suggest that consistent prophylactic and psycho-educative activities, with a special attention to differences between genders, should be provided to all the adolescents, irrespective of their sport performance levels.     

Educating students with FASD: linking policy,research and practice

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD ) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disability with significant implications for learning and behaviour. International research suggests that the prevalence of FASD in school‐aged children is 2.3–6.3%. In this paper, we address the questions: (1) what is FASD ; (2) what is the prevalence of FASD in schools; (3) what is the impact of FASD ; and (4) why develop special FASD education strategies and programmes? We summarise the 18‐year history of W innipeg S chool D ivision's development of its FASD P rogramme of services, describe the specialised FASD classrooms and then present the results from a consensus‐generating workshop comprised of 36 FASD education professionals, with over 209 years of collective FASD education programme experience, who were asked to identify and reach consensus on best strategies and lessons learned in FASD education programmes. We then suggest that effectively educating children with FASD is critical to get right if positive educational outcomes are to be realised.     

五甲基茚满的合成研究

以α-甲基苯乙烯和叔戊醇为原料,在催化剂磷酸的作用下合成产物1,1,2,3,3-五甲基茚满。考察了反应温度、催化剂用量、反应物料比对反应收率的影响。结果表明：以10.5g磷酸为催化剂,叔戊醇与α-甲基苯乙烯的摩尔比为1.3：1,反应温度50℃,产物收率达到32%。     

酒后驾车问题的数学模型

构建了酒后驾车问题的二房室模型，利用Matlab软件分别以线性和非线性回归模型拟合曲线，得到了酒后血液中酒精含量的变化规律。作为特例，给出了体质量70kg的某人在较短时间(或2h内)喝下3瓶啤酒后血液中酒精含量超标的时间范围为[0．068，11．527](或[0．621，12．558])，及其酒精含量达到峰值的时间为1．258(或2．598)h。     

脂肪醇气化热与分子结构关系的图论方法研究

本文用图论方法探讨了脂脑醇气化热与分子结构的关系,提出了一个结构基础明确的定量关系,据此可预测脂肪醇的气化热。对脂肪醇的计算结果表明,预测值与实验值的一致性令人满意。     

葡甘聚糖-壳聚糖-聚乙烯醇肥料包膜的结构表征及性能研究

以甲醛作交联剂,用溶液共混法制备了葡甘聚糖-壳聚糖-聚乙烯醇缓释肥料包膜,采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X-射线衍射(X-RD)表征了膜的结构.同时测定了包膜的抗张强度、断裂伸长率、溶胀性.结果表明:交联膜中原料之间产生了较强的相互作用,形成了一个较稳定的复合体.     

烃、醇和醚沸点的分子拓扑研究

基于元素的Pauling电负性,原子成σ键的电子数,原子直接键连的氢原子数目和原子在形成离域π键时所提供的Pz电子数,定义了一种原子点价公式,构建了分子连接性指数.研究了烷烃、单烯烃、单炔烃、苯和其同系物,饱和一元醇,多元醇和脂肪醚沸点同其分子连接性指数的相关性.结果表明:分子连接性指数具有良好的结构选择性和性质相关性,可用于预测有机化合物的沸点.     

廉价烷基苯石油磺酸盐KPS-2的合成与性能评价

将两种不同的馏分油复配，通过三氧化硫磺化，经碱皂化后得到烷基苯石油磺酸盐KPS-2。本方法不用乙醇萃取等后处理工艺，合成条件易控制，产品性能稳定，油水界面活性好，抗碱能力强，适用范围广，成本低。以KPS-2为主的三元复合体系(0．3％KPS-2／1．5％Na2CO3／0．15％HPAM)，在室内驱油模型上进行驱油实验，提高原油采收率可达20％。     

还原青蒿素拆分外消旋醇的探索

通过还原青蒿素与外消旋醇进行化学反应,拆分得到左旋醇和右旋醇,且分离效果好。     

Alcohol Use,Psychopathology, and Treatment Utilization in a University Mental Health Clinic

In the general population, alcohol use disorders and psychiatric disorders co-occur. Despite ample evidence of the adverse effects of alcohol use on treatment outcomes, these relationships have not been examined among college students presenting at counseling centers. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of hazardous drinking among students receiving counseling at a university counseling center and to examine relationships between alcohol use, symptomatology, and treatment utilization. Participants were 214 students who had terminated therapy within a 3-year period. Intake assessments of alcohol use, anxiety, depression, and perceived stress were harvested from client files. Analyses indicated that 33% of the sample screened positive for hazardous alcohol use. Findings provided preliminary evidence that hazardous drinking is negatively related to both mental health and treatment utilization in university clinics. In light of this association, coupled with high base rates of risky alcohol use among college students, university counseling centers might consider implementing screening and brief intervention for hazardous drinking.