The Preference for and Tolerance of the Intensity of Exercise Questionnaire: A psychometric evaluation among college women

Abstract

Individuals differ in the intensity of exercise that they prefer and the intensity that they can tolerate. We examined the psychometric properties of the Preference for and Tolerance of the Intensity of Exercise Questionnaire (PRETIE-Q; Ekkekakis, Hall, & Petruzzello, 2005: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 27, 350 – 374). A sample of 601 college women (mean age 20 years) completed the PRETIE-Q and the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. Both the Preference and the Tolerance scale were internally consistent (alpha coefficients of 0.89 and 0.86, respectively), with all items making positive contributions. A confirmatory factor analysis showed that model fit was reasonable. Both Preference and Tolerance were related to the frequency of participation in strenuous exercise and the total leisure-time exercise score. The PRETIE-Q appears to be an internally consistent and structurally valid measure, with a broad range of possible applications in exercise science.     

I DRAW THE LINE AT STRINGING PEARLS

This paper contributes to developing understandings of strong commitments to particular forms of work and how they are sustained against bleak, unstable, exploitative and self-exploitative conditions. It approaches this duality between feeling and structure within the temporal and relational qualities of hope as they are experienced by women jewellery designer-makers in Birmingham Jewellery Quarter. The paper locates these hopes in the Craftswoman's Imperative, a symbolic good and material practice that is concerned with upholding objective values of the truth and beauty of artisanship. The paper details how the hopes of these designer-makers become aligned with those of policy-actors for a reinvigoration of British craftsmanship. It then explores how hope is upheld, and challenged, through sensory experiences of engaging with the material world. Finally, the paper explores these designer-makers’ optimistic practices for achieving the value of the Craftswoman's Imperative.     

并、缺指畸形胎儿指皮的组织学观察与比较

目的:探讨并、缺指畸形胎儿指皮组织学结构与正常胎儿结构的差异.方法:观察并、缺指畸形胎儿大体形态,常规取材,HE染色,通过光学显微镜观察指皮组织学结构.结果:并、缺指畸形胎儿镜下观察指皮分层及附属结构与正常胎儿相似,但表皮颗粒层和棘层内朗格汉斯细胞比正常胎儿明显增多,未见触觉小体和环层小体.结论:并、缺指畸形胎儿的致畸因子可能影响其感觉神经末梢的发育和成熟,朗格汉斯细胞增多可能是遗传因素的作用或环境影响所致.     

Being a parent's eyes and ears: emotional literacy and empathy of children whose parents have a sensory disability

Children of parents with sensory disability may feel that their experience helped nurture their sense of empathy. The study was designed to examine the connection between parents’ sensory disability (visual disability to blindness and hearing disability to deafness) and the empathy and emotional literacy of their non‐sensory‐disabled children. Participants were 77 children aged 7–17 – 37 children of parents with a sensory disability and 40 children of parents with no such disability. Questionnaires to check empathy and emotional literacy were accompanied by a demographic questionnaire. Findings revealed that levels of empathy and emotional awareness of others (a measure of emotional literacy) were higher among children of parents with a sensory disability than among children of parents without a disability. The results expand the literature on that subject and shed light on the important issues of empathy and emotional literacy in families with disability.     

The Context of Thought Experiments in Physics Learning

This paper takes a cognitive perspective in an attempt to analyze mental mechanisms involved in contextual learning. In the following, it is suggested that contextualized environments evoke mental mechanisms that support reasoning about what if, imaginary situations – utilizing a powerful mental mechanism known from the history of physics as thought experiments (TEs). Thought experiments are associated with visualization of data and imagery that originate in implicit knowledge. This paper suggests that thought experiments rely on sensory memories constructed by the learner during past experience. Such sensory memories are activated by the context. The first part of the paper deals with the definition, nature, incidents, and experimental data related to implicit knowledge and TEs. Empirical results are then analyzed in order to explore the role of sensory memories and underlying schemata in TEs, thereby suggesting a set of embodied schemata that act as implicit assumptions and provide context-dependent epistemological primitives that underlie imaginary events in a manner that will statistically match the outer world.     

Man vs. Machine: A Junior‐Level Laboratory Exercise Comparing Human and Instrumental Detection Limits

The human nose is a very sensitive detector and is able to detect potent aroma compounds down to low ng/L levels. These levels are often below detection limits of analytical instrumentation. The following laboratory exercise is designed to compare instrumental and human methods for the detection of volatile odor active compounds. Reference standards of 3‐mercapto‐1‐hexanol (3MH), a secondary thiol that is important to food quality, are analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC‐FID), and these raw data are provided to students. Students also perform a series of 3‐alternative forced choice (3‐AFC) sensory tests to determine the human detection limits in a series of samples. For both data sets, 2 methods of data analysis (standard deviation of the response and the slope and signal‐to‐noise ratio for GC‐FID data; forced‐choice ascending concentration series method of limits and linear regression for 3‐AFC data) will be used to estimate instrumental detection limits and human thresholds. GC‐FID and 3‐AFC results are then compared by the students to demonstrate the importance of instrumental and human methods for food analysis, and to provide an experiential learning opportunity to critically think through multiple methods of analysis and compare the outcomes of those methods. In completing the laboratory exercise and discussion questions, students will gain an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of human and instrumental measurements in food analysis, and compare the outcome of common data analysis methods for instrumental and sensory data.     

3—6岁儿童感觉统合乒乓球训练游戏化设计的实践探索

本文基于此背景下简要分析此类状况,结合3—6岁身心发展情况展开探讨交流,通过实践探索涉及乒乓球游戏化教学,有助于激发儿童的体育运动兴趣,丰富儿童感觉统合训练的理论内容,也能够有效地促使儿童进行体育运动。     

伊壁鸠鲁哲学思想的历史渊源、形成原因及哲学影响

伊壁鸠鲁作为希腊晚期独具特色的哲学家,有着重大的理论成就。在自然哲学方面,他发展并修正了德谟克利特的原子论,最先提出＂原子量＂的概念,有力地批判了在当时有一定影响的怀疑主义,从而成为原子辩证唯物主义的创始人,其自然哲学方面的思想深受马克思的推崇。另外,他建立在感性认识上的认识论,即准则学以及关于诠释快乐与欲望的伦理学思想,都给当时希腊社会以及后世带来深远影响。同时,伊壁鸠鲁哲学思想中所体现出的对当时希腊社会及现世的进步意义,对我们也有所启发。虽然在整个伊壁鸠鲁哲学体系中有部分论点有失偏颇、甚至自相矛盾,但历史的和总体看来瑕不掩瑜,伊氏哲学体系仍然是我们宝贵的精神财富。     

Sensory Processing Sensitivity Among High-Ability Individuals: A Psychometric Evaluation of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale

The purpose of the current study is to validate a measure of sensory processing sensitivity, the Highly Sensitive Person Scale, with a sample of high-ability individuals. Participants include 188 highly intelligent individuals. Results indicate a two-factor structure of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale. Validity and reliability evidence are provided. Conclusions and implications of using the Highly Sensitive Person Scale are discussed.     

Relationship of performance on the sensory organization test to landing characteristics

Jump landing tasks have been used to assess landing characteristics and require significant sensorimotor feedback to maintain functional joint stability (FJS) throughout the task. Postural stability (PS) also requires significant sensorimotor feedback and control and would seemingly involve similar sensory feedback pathways. However, previous literature clarifying the relationship between these two processes, maintaining FJS and PS, is limited. 80 Special Tactics Operators. PS was assessed using the Sensory Organization Test (SOT). SOT variables included: Composite, Somatosensory, Visual, Vestibular, and Preference scores. Landing characteristics were assessed using motion analysis during a double-legged (DLSJ) and single-legged (SLSJ) stop jump task. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the relationship between SOT scores and landing characteristics (α < .05). For the DLSJ, significant correlations were found between: Composite and peak posterior ground reaction forces (?.257), Vestibular and peak knee abduction moment (?.237), and Preference and initial contact hip flexion (?.297), peak hip flexion (?.249). For the SLSJ, significant correlations were found between: Somatosensory and peak vertical ground reaction forces (?.246); Preference and initial contact hip flexion (?.295), peak hip flexion (?.262). The results indicate that the SOT may not be a sensitive enough tool to assess sensorimotor control in a healthy, athletic population.