内隐式负反馈对过渡语认知发展的影响研究

反馈在二语教学互动研究中占核心位置,是近些年课堂教学研究的热点之一。但由于反馈的实证性研究匮乏,相关研究的结论不一,一线教师无法从这些研究中获得开展课堂反馈的指导原则。利用课堂日记和录音转写对英语课堂反馈与过渡语认知发展的关系所进行的实验研究发现,负反馈更有助于学生的过渡语认知发展。其中,启发式和元语言反馈的修正性效果最好;重复性反馈、重铸和外显性负反馈的效果并不理想。研究结果表明,教师直接提供的修正性反馈对学生过渡语认知发展的作用不明显。研究还揭示了影响教师选择反馈方式和学生对教师反馈的感知的一些因素。     

探析电源电动势和内电阻的测定方法和误差

物理实验在物理教学中占有很大的比例,理解实验原理,探究实验方法,合理分析误差是做好实验的前提,也是学好相应物理内容的关键.电学实验占物理实验的比重较大,其中,电源电动势和内电阻的测定既是电学实验的基础,又是不少学生难以掌握的内容.     

英语专业精读课堂教师用语的实证研究

文章以话语分析理论为基础,通过实际的英语课堂教学观察及对收集数据的定量和定性分析,找出目前英语专业精读课堂教学存在的问题及原因,并提出英语教师课堂话语的改进建议与对策,以实现师生间的持续有效沟通,创设交互式课堂情景,激发学生学习英语的主动性。     

民族地区少数民族传统文化变迁及其地理驱动力分析——基于施甸县两个典型布朗族村落的调查与思考

在经济、文化全球化和以工业化与城镇化为主要特征的国家发展背景下,面对施甸县布朗族传统文化呈现弱化这一现象,以施甸县两个典型的布朗族村落为研究对象,在运用田野调查、问卷调查及访谈法等方法获取大量研究数据和资料的基础上,采用从定性到定量的综合集成方法揭示施甸布朗族传统文化的变迁特征,并进一步分析其传统文化变迁的地理驱动力,并就如何实现施甸布朗族聚居地区社会经济较快发展与其民族传统文化传承和保护之间的耦合提出相关的对策建议,以期为当地政府制定民族文化发展战略及其传承保护措施提供科学依据和决策参考。     

Dynamics and manipulation of ferroelectric domain walls in bismuth ferrite thin films

Ferroelectric domain walls differ from domains not only in their crystalline and discrete symmetry, but also in their electronic, magnetic, and mechanical properties. Although domain walls provide a degree of freedom to regulate the physical properties at the nanoscale, the relatively lower controllability prevents their practical applications in nano-devices. In this work, with the advantages of 3D domain configuration detection based on piezoresponse force microscopy, we find that the mobility of three types of domain walls (tail-to-tail, head-to-tail, head-to-head) in (001) BiFeO₃ films varies with the applied electrical field. Under low voltages, head-to-tail domain walls are more mobile than other domain walls, while, under high voltages, tail-to-tail domain walls become rather active and possess relatively long average lengths. This is due to the high nucleation energy and relatively low growth energy for charged domain walls. Finally, we demonstrate the manipulation of domain walls through successive electric writings, resulting in well-aligned conduction paths as designed, paving the way for their application in advanced spintronic, memory and communication nano-devices.     

从“文斗”到“武斗”:礼法约束下“斗秧歌”田野调查

以海阳大秧歌中的民俗武术活动“斗秧歌”仪式为个案,运用田野调查等方法,从民俗学视角对“斗秧歌”的过程及民俗语境进行分析。认为:海阳大秧歌吸收了军事武术中的兵法谋略与民间武术技术动作,族群生存斗争与比武较技是“斗秧歌”吸收武术元素的重要动因,其逻辑形式表现为礼法约束下由“文斗”到“武斗”的递进,“文斗”体现兵法谋略智慧,武术是“武斗”的主要支撑力量。“斗秧歌”受到礼法约束,以强化乡间社会秩序的稳定,反映了中国传统社会治理中的礼法并施思想。剖析其民俗语境发现,“斗秧歌”是族群生存抗争的仪式手段、护卫生存环境的民间演习、展示个人魅力的艺术舞台,也是地域武术传播的民俗载体。武术与“斗秧歌”之间的融合互动关系,显示武术与民俗活动深厚的历史渊源及武术具有的多元价值属性。     

加快新农村建设强化农村转移劳动力培训

新农村建设是国家为了实现农业、农村经济建设全面发展而制订的一个宏观目标。最终目的是要解决三农问题,实现农村的发展和农民的共同富裕。要想使农民富裕,根本出路是农村剩余劳动力向城镇和非农产业转移。但是农民文化水平较低成为农村剩余劳动力有效转移的最大障碍。因此,对农村转移劳动力进行有效的培训成为必须;如何充分利用有限的培训资源,开展有效的转移劳动力培训成为必须考虑的问题。     

Postural balance and rifle stability in a standing shooting position after specific physical effort in biathletes

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of maximal specific physical effort on postural balance and rifle stability in biathletes in a standing shooting position. The study included 10 junior elite biathletes. The measurements were taken with the Vicon system and AMTI force platform. Postural balance and rifle stability characteristics were determined at rest as well as 1 and 5 min post maximal specific physical effort which was performed on a ski ergometer and continued until exhaustion. Maximal physical effort exerted a significant effect on all examined postural sway and rifle sway characteristics. The duration of the post-exercise changes was longer than 5 minutes. Higher post-effort rifle sway was observed in the vertical direction than in the across the shooting line direction. Post-effort postural balance impairment in the shooting line was much greater than in the across the shooting line direction. Moreover, a strong correlation was found between postural balance and rifle stability. Maximal physical effort influenced postural balance and rifle stability during aiming. Rifle sway during aiming in a standing shooting position seems to be coordinated with the postural sway of the biathlete’s body. Thus, an increase in postural sway contributes to greater sway and lesser stability of the rifle.     

Transforming,storing and consuming athletic experiences: a coach’s narrative of using a video application

The analysis of sport performance in competitive contexts has become synonymous with the use of a range of software applications and hardware e.g. heart rate monitors and gps systems. With the prevalence of technology in mind, a small but growing corpus of literature has begun to consider this phenomenon and its influence upon the coaching process. This study adds to this literature by detailing the autoethnographic experiences of a case study coach; Derek. A contextualised and richly described narrative account of Derek’s experience of using coaching applications is provided. Analysis of Derek’s narrative suggests that technology can be a useful means by which individuals make sense of their experience. Specifically, (1) technology can be a ‘ready-to-hand’ instrument that enhances the coaching process. Unfortunately, (2) technology may become the only and ‘calculative’ means by which individuals come to understand their performance. In such instances, it is important to note that (3) the videos we use to understand our performance are transformed and incomplete representations of lived athletic experiences. Thus, Derek’s story illustrates how technology can be both an enabler and barrier to athletes who wish to holistically understand their own lived experiences and engage in coach-athlete relationships. The accompanying analysis draws upon concepts from Heideggerian philosophy to add insight into the use of technology within the coaching process. In so doing, the study prompts coaches to critically view their coach-athlete relationships as situated in a wider world which contains, and can be mediated by, technology. In addition, Derek’s story (re)directs researchers and coaching practitioners interested in technology to a useful literature (philosophy of technology) which may further inform their understanding of coach-athlete relationships.     

圆形载流线圈沿一直径折成直角可看作磁偶极子

从磁偶极子的特点出发,用毕奥—萨伐尔定律、安培力公式和力矩的定义,推导出用磁矩表示的圆形载流线圈沿一直径折成直角的远场及其在均匀磁场中所受的磁力和磁力矩,指出此非平面载流线圈可看作磁偶极子.