Language use in kindergarten science lessons: language production and academic language during a video feedback coaching intervention in kindergarten science lessons

This paper aims to gain insight into language production and academic language of 4- and 5-year-old students and their teachers in the course of a teacher intervention during kindergarten science education. The study is based on videotaped classroom observations, and specifically focuses on the academic language use of students (N_intervention = 18, N_controls = 26) and teachers (N_intervention = 5, N_controls = 5). The results suggest that this general teacher intervention yields interesting changes in language use and production. Patterns of change over time confirm the idiosyncratic and non-linear nature of these changes. Science lessons represent an appropriate context in which to acquaint students with academic language, which can be used as a basis to build upon more sophisticated language skills.     

外语口试对口语教学的反拨效应分析

外语口语考试旨在对考生的口语能力进行公正、合理的测量，准确地反映考生的口语水平，从而推进口语教学的发展。但是，口语考试的效度和信度受多方面因素的影响。英语专业口语考试及其对教学和学习的反拨效应分析对提高学生实际语言运用能力具有很大影响。     

Increasing the uptake of peer feedback in primary school writing: findings from an action research enquiry

This article reports on how an action research strategy was used to increase children's uptake of feedback during peer assessment in primary school writing. Several different strategies were used in the study that had been successful in increasing students’ uptake of peer feedback in contexts such as higher education. In order to evaluate how successful these actions were, several different data collection methods were drawn upon to triangulate findings including children's work, observations, informal interviews and mind mapping. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data generated. Findings are consistent with those from research in other settings which suggest that pupils make better use of feedback if: it is task-involving and useful; there is sufficient time given for them to act on it and discuss it with their peers; and they are asked to reflect on how it has been used to improve the quality of the assessed work.     

Conventional or sustainable? Chinese university students’ thinking about feedback used in their English lessons

Feedback has been increasingly conceptualised as a dialogical process where students interpret the provided information through interaction with comment providers and use it to enhance their learning. A major challenge for the development of sustainable feedback is closely related to how students think about it. This study explored how 25 Chinese university students made sense of instructor and peer feedback following their English group presentations. The findings reveal that most of the participants perceived more judging and encouraging functions of feedback than its improving functions, which reflected their conventional thinking about feedback. Variation also existed in the perceived functions of instructor and peer feedback. Imbalanced power relations, face, group harmony and instructors’ feedback practice as well as students’ past learning and assessment experiences appeared to inhibit the participants from viewing feedback in a sustainable way. This study sheds light on college students’ complex thinking about feedback in a non-Anglophone context which has been neglected in the feedback literature, and has implications for educators and researchers in facilitating sustainable feedback in the Chinese context and the non-Chinese contexts where Chinese students study.     

带钢的"跑偏"及纠正

针对带钢在运送过程中，受各种因素影响而出现的“跑偏”情况加以说明、分析。并提出采用控制辊系统纠偏方式，并对其纠偏方式进行分析、探讨。     

试论成人高等教育的地位与作用

我国高等教育大众化进程的推进,为成人高等教育提供了新的发展空间。面对新的发展机遇,研究我国高等教育大众化进程的基本特征,分析了国际高等教育大众化进程中的基本经验及对我国成人高等教育发展的启示,指出成人高等教育是高等教育大众化进程中的主力军。     

具有断电自关闭功能的零功耗自保持电磁阀

本文全面介绍了电磁阀的工作原理。采用高性能的永磁材料和电磁铁联合作用原理设计研究具有自保持功能和自关闭功能的新型电磁阀，不仅可以实现保持状态的零功耗，并可用于具有欠费拒用功能的智能化仪表上。     

Assessing postgraduate student perceptions and measures of learning in a peer review feedback process

Peer review feedback, developed to assist students with increasing the quality of group reports and developing peer review skills, was added to a master’s level Climate Change Policy and Planning unit. A pre- and post-survey was conducted to determine whether students found the process a valuable learning opportunity: 87% of students responding to the post-review survey indicated they saw benefit in both developing and receiving peer review feedback. Peer review design minimising the potential for plagiarism resulted in low levels of student concern surrounding plagiarism. Marks allocated by students were valid (consistent with the lecturer) and were generally reliable; however, distribution of marks had a higher variance where group report quality was low. Training on completing the peer review template could result in more reliable feedback. Consistent with the literature, the feedback developed during the peer review process focused on style and presentation preferentially to content. Seven out of eight group reports improved between report submissions, with all groups responding to peer review feedback. Peer review feedback and changes made to group reports indicated students had limited capacity to judge the quality of referencing and critical analysis.     

对机械能守恒定律条件的认识

机械能守恒是力学中的一个重要定律,但关于守恒条件的阐述不同的编者著述却各不相同,那么他们的著述是否等效?本文从保守力、外力做功及参考系三个角度阐述了机械能守恒定律的条件,以期对理解和应用机械能守恒定律有一个全面而清楚的认识。     

文化力略论

化作为一个传统概念，长期以来被囿于纯意识形态层面来认识和理解。随着社会的发展，尤其当今经济的全球化，化对经济基础和社会物质生活的反作用更加明显地表现出来。它与经济的一体化趋势逐渐演变成一种促进经济发展的生产力。国际竞争很大程度上是化力的竞争，综合国力的增强需要有化力的支撑。因此，探讨化力具有非常重要的意义和价值。