非自愿移民经济再发展:基于人力资本的分析

以往对于非自愿移民的研究多是关注制度安排和安置环境对移民经济发展的影响,本文则是重点探讨移民自身的人力资本在其经济再发展过程中的作用。改革开放后中国劳动力市场发生着重大的社会变迁,对于非自愿移民来说,这种变迁集中体现为移民的发展不仅受限于经济制度和政府政策,其自身所具有的人力资本将发挥着越来越重要的作用。基于丹江口库区和巴东三峡库区的抽样调查,本文重点对影响移民经济恢复的人力资本因素作了实证分析。研究发现,人力资本因素对移民的经济恢复有着重要的影响,但是和非移民相比,一些人力资本因素对移民的经济恢复失去了效用,并且不同搬迁时间的移民的人力资本失灵状况也有着明显的差异,在搬迁初期移民的人力资本失灵更为严重。在劳动力市场较为完善的条件下,人力资本才能对移民经济发展发挥更好的效应。     

强迫耗散非线性发展方程显式差分格式的计算稳定性

基于计算准稳定的概念来分析强迫耗散非线性发展方程显式差分格式的计算稳定性,给出强迫耗散非线性大气方程组显式差分格式计算准稳定的判据,为设计强迫耗散非线性大气方程组计算稳定的显式差分格式提供了新的思路和理论依据     

Three-dimensional vibration of thick plate

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Dancing to two tunes: The role of bicultural identity and strong ties in skilled migrants’ value-driven protean careers

Recent research has pointed out the lack of understanding of the way migrants manage career opportunities and barriers to mobilise their agency in the host destination. In order to better understand how some migrants succeed in host countries, we drew on interviews with 31 non-Western skilled migrants (NWSM) who felt they had achieved successful careers in Australia and the USA. Using a subjective value fulfilment approach, we analyse three illustrative cases from the NWSM sample to understand how bicultural identity, strong ties and protean careers operate together within a Western host country. The findings illustrate the protean career orientation of these skilled migrants. These cases also highlight the role of bicultural identity and strong ties in the formation of their career paths. Overall, the ability to harmoniously use and combine their bicultural identity emerges as a significant success factor in achieving protean careers. The findings also suggest that ongoing support from strong ties was influential and visible in the skilled migrants’ protean career orientation. This was a dominant pattern of findings within the 31 cases of NWSMs, accounting for 90 % (28) of the participants. The findings contribute to extending the existing literature on career orientations by studying a cross-cultural sample through the lens of the generally Westernised career approach of the protean career. In doing so, we argue that unlike Western expatriates who may benefit more from weak ties to progress in their careers, these NWSM indicated strong ties to be instrumental in their value fulfilling career trajectories, most likely due to their collectivist home country cultures. Similarly, we contribute to the career literature on skilled migrants by highlighting the positive impact of bicultural identity and a value driven approach to these migrants’ successful protean careers. Implications for skilled migrants, career counsellors and HRM professionals are also discussed.     

Adaptation of Mainland Chinese Labour Migrants in Macao

This study explored adaptation as perceived by mainland Chinese labour migrants in Macao. Twenty-eight mainland Chinese migrant workers shared their lived experiences of crossing the Zhuhai-Macao border. Even though Macao and the mainland share cultural similarities, migrant workers did not perceive they were acculturating to the new environment. However, their personal and behavioural changes indicated other processes at work, as explained via co-cultural, differential adaption, and cultural fusion theories. Impacted by structural constraints, most migrants lived a border-crossing existence, marginalized in Macao, and freer in an enclave in Zhuhai. Furthermore, participants perceived discrimination, linked to occupation, language, and mainlander identity.     

Canada’s Sub-Saharan African migrants: A scoping review

Despite the recent increase in Sub-Saharan African newcomers to Canada, little is known about their experiences, specifically the challenges they face rebuilding their lives and the strategies they adopt to tackle these challenges. This scoping review of 48 articles provides a critical basis for further research on Sub-Saharan African international migration to Canada. Five themes emerged from the extant literature: 1) structural barriers to rebuilding self, family, and community; 2) limited support systems available in the transition period; 3) transnational ties and commitments as a recurring mediator of migrant life; 4) mechanisms for navigating transition and integration; and 5) changing gender relations and roles. Findings across these themes strongly project gender relations as a crucial engine of migrant life, yet studies do not extensively probe the nature and dynamics of key facets of post-migration gender relations. While transnational linkages could provide some support and sense of identity, the demands of and commitments to extended family members and other entities could stall or undermine efforts to rebuild lives and community in a new homeland. The coping mechanisms identified here appear to relieve or postpone the consequences of Sub-Saharan African migrants’ adaptations to the realities of life in Canada. Our review also underscores the need for strength-based approaches, such as resilience, in exploring the experiences of Sub-Saharan African migrants as newcomers in advanced Western nations like Canada. Future studies should consider that international migration presents complex challenges to both migrant sending and receiving countries, traceable to both localized and transnational historical and social linkages.     

三峡库区移民体育发展问题研究

三峡库区移民是当今社会的特殊弱势群体。在全民健身计划进入第二阶段和三峡工程建设进入三期移民阶段的背景下,通过对移民体育发展的社会背景、影响移民参与全民健身的因素、移民体育发展现状的调查分析,提出依托三峡库区作为民族民间体育文化集散地的优势,充分开发和利用当地丰富的民族民间体育资源,因地制宜地发展群众体育事业的宏观对策措施。     

Multidimensional Forced-Choice CAT With Dominance Items: An Empirical Comparison With Optimal Static Testing Under Different Desirability Matching

Several forced-choice (FC) computerized adaptive tests (CATs) have emerged in the field of organizational psychology, all of them employing ideal-point items. However, despite most items developed historically follow dominance response models, research on FC CAT using dominance items is limited. Existing research is heavily dominated by simulations and lacking in empirical deployment. This empirical study trialed a FC CAT with dominance items described by the Thurstonian Item Response Theory model with research participants. This study investigated important practical issues such as the implications of adaptive item selection and social desirability balancing criteria on score distributions, measurement accuracy and participant perceptions. Moreover, nonadaptive but optimal tests of similar design were trialed alongside the CATs to provide a baseline for comparison, helping to quantify the return on investment when converting an otherwise-optimized static assessment into an adaptive one. Although the benefit of adaptive item selection in improving measurement precision was confirmed, results also indicated that at shorter test lengths CAT had no notable advantage compared with optimal static tests. Taking a holistic view incorporating both psychometric and operational considerations, implications for the design and deployment of FC assessments in research and practice are discussed.     

Framing inclusion: The media treatment of irregular immigrants' right to health care in Spain

With the passing of Royal Decree-Law 16/2012, Spain's national health system switched from a model defined by universal and free health care principles, to a private insurance system that excluded large population groups. Based on a qualitative research design, this paper examines the media treatment of undocumented immigrants’ prerogatives to public health care in Spain (2012–2018). The analysis of 234 articles, drawn from three major Spanish newspapers, reveals three frames that underscore the media's "rhetorics of inclusion," which argue for the extension of free medical services to irregular immigrantsa topic traditionally underestimated by the literature. The moralist frame, supported by social justice arguments, is found in tandem with the cost-benefit frame that advocates for immigrants’ health care access as a means for containing medical expenses. The overall predominance of the legalist frame largely relies on arguments that reflect a Spanish political culture rooted in the universality of health rights.     

记忆 回归 流亡：米兰·昆德拉《无知》的线性解读

米兰·昆德拉的小说《无知》中有一条隐含的线索：记忆-回归-流亡。因为集体记忆和个人私密空间记忆,人们渴望回归。寄希望于伟大的思乡者尤利西斯等模式的回归。《无知》中诸多主人公进行了尝试,回归仍是无望,被迫流亡。通过线性解读,昆德拉这一类人的存在获得了彰显。