The effects of appeal types and candidates' poll rankings in negative political advertising

This paper combines the persuasion knowledge model (PKM) and priming theory to investigate the effects of different appeal types in negative political ads on voters' cognitive responses and candidate responses, and explore the moderating effect of an important candidate-related variable: poll ranking. The results indicate that negative advertising based on rational appeals is more beneficial to candidates who lag in the polls. However, negative ads based on emotional appeals generate better responses from voters when used by poll leaders. These effects are observed regardless of whether the race is between an incumbent and a challenger or two challengers.     

本科英语专业应用型T-T翻译教学模式建构

以大学本科英语专业人才培养目标和市场需求为导向,将功能派文本类型理论和任务型教学法应用于翻译教学中,提出一种全新的以文本类型（Text-types）为内容划分的任务型（Task-based）翻译教学模式,简称应用型T-T翻译教学模式.该教学模式以文本为翻译单位,以任务为翻译形式,实用性和实践性并重.     

交通宣传用语的特点及功能探析

交通宣传用语是一种社会用语,是用于宣传交通法规、规范交通行为、保障交通安全的语言形式。本文以交通宣传用语为研究对象,主要从定义、特点、类型以及功能等方面进行分析,旨在为设计规范的交通宣传用语提供借鉴。     

An Environmental Approach to Marine Science K-12

Abstract

Providing professional development for science teachers, Teachers in the Woods is a 6-week summer research experience in the national forests of the Pacific Northwest. Participants contributed to the scientific understanding of forest ecosystem functioning and later created local projects as forest ecology fieldwork for their students. Teachers were surveyed 3 times during the year and interviewed onsite. A standardized performance assessment measured student progress. The project changed teachers' approach to teaching and created greater motivation, confidence, knowledge, and skills in teaching biology and environmental science using field projects. Teachers attributed their success to enduring professional contacts with scientists and to their field experience. Evaluations also revealed major factors that affect the success of student field projects.     

Effects of vicarious experiences of nature,environmental attitudes,and outdoor recreation benefits on support for increased funding allocations

ABSTRACT

This study examined the effects of vicarious experiences of nature, environmental attitudes, and recreation benefits sought by participants on their support for funding of natural resources and alternative energy options. Using a national scenic trail user survey, results demonstrated that vicarious experiences of nature influenced environmental attitudes and experiential benefits. Support for increased funding allocations was directly influenced by both attitudes and experiential benefits, though attitude was a stronger predictor than benefits. Vicarious educational experiences and funding support were not directly related, but the relationship was mediated via both attitudes and recreation benefits.     

Swiss Elementary School Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Forest Education

This article investigates benefits and challenges of forest education in view of 257 Swiss elementary school teachers (1st–3rd grade), by means of a written questionnaire and 15 in-depth interviews. Two thirds of the teachers carried out forest education during normal lesson hours (mean visits = eight per year). Forests were clearly considered as an educational setting, and especially suitable for the enhancement of personal and social skills. Setting rules was seen as indispensable for successful forest education and a must to communicate to “novice” teachers. Moreover, the didactic of forest education should be implemented in teacher education curricula.     

基于产业融合的河南省旅游新业态研究

产业融合是当前旅游业发展的趋势,旅游新业态是旅游产业融合和旅游业转型升级的必然结果。河南省旅游业的快速发展、旅游需求的多元化、旅游市场的教烈竞争以及信息技术的发展,推动了相关旅游新业态的出现。在旅游产业融合的进程中;产业融合主动性不足,旅游产业价值链不完善,旅游企业核心竞争力不强、旅游新业态人才匮乏等问题;成为制约河南省旅游新业态的瓶颈。提高旅游产业融合的意识、拉长旅游产业价值链、提升旅游新业态竞争力、构建旅游新业态人才的培养体系等措施,有助于产业融合趋势下河南省旅游新业态的培育和发展。     

骨骼肌纤维类型转换的分子信号机制

对钙调神经磷酸酶、钙/钙调素依赖型蛋白激酶、肌源性调节因子、细胞分裂素活化蛋白激酶、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅助激活子-1等信号通路进行综述,为骨骼肌纤维类型转换的信号机制研究提供理论依据。     

不同类型高校学生的学习差异研究

一本、二本和三本学生在学习表现上有着很大的不同,通常一本学生学习的表现最好,二本次之,三本居后。通过调研发现：主体意识的差异,即目标意识、危机意识和自律意识的不同正是形成这三类不同类型高校学生学习差异的主要原因。因此,高校教育有必要以提升学生的主体学习意识为目标,从思想引导和制度保障等方面促进学生良好学习意识的形成。     

关于大学生“考证热”的调查报告

近年来,“考证热”持续不退,为了更好地帮助同学理性地对待考证现象,我们利用课余时间进行了关于大学生“考证热”的调查。采用了随机发放的方法实施了此次问卷调查,调查对象涉及各个专业各个年级的本科生,结果发现大学生普遍认为：证书在很大程度上体现了拥有者的实力,能够为激烈的就业竞争增加一个“砝码”,而且对待考证的态度已渐趋理性。