优化资源配置提升办学效益——以澳大利亚高等教育为镜鉴

随着我国高等教育从外延发展进入到以全面提高质量为核心的内涵发展阶段,迫切需要进一步优化配置教育资源,持续提升办学效益。不仅是校内资源的优化配置,而且学校与政府之间、学校与学校之间以及国际教育资源之间的优化配置更需要引起我们的高度关注。澳大利亚高等教育的成功经验可以给我们提供许多有益借鉴。     

美国“家庭学校”教育对中国教育的启示

“家庭学校”是当今美国一种重要的教育选择形式。文章介绍了美国“家庭学校”教育的许多有益经验,期望能对我国家庭教育与学校发展有所启示。这些经验包括：学习美国家庭学校运动快速发展进程中的务实与包容精神,促进中国教育的多元化发展;借鉴美国家庭学校进程中法律冲突的权力认定方式,对我们当前类似教育矛盾进行合理的法理分析;美国家庭学校教育主张自主、自由和超前的学习模式,启发我们教育要真正满足每个学生的特殊需要,促进孩子的多元化智力发展;美国家庭学校教育中家长对儿童教育的全权负责态度,撼动我国家长对教育“卸责”应有的反思;美国家庭学校重视重塑宗教信仰及伦理道德教育,启发我们教育应该重视弘扬中华民族的传统美德,提升学生的民族传统文化素养;借鉴美国家庭学校解决孩子社会化问题,提高家庭学校教学效果的模式,有效整合家庭与学校、家庭与社会教育的资源,增强当前教育的有效性。     

近代我国师范教育学费制度嬗变的内在逻辑及特征探析

我国的师范教育学费制度自近代产生以来,经历了螺旋式上升的发展历程,与师范教育的发展水乳交融,师范教育的改革与变迁是其嬗变的内在逻辑。近代师范教育学费制度的发展还彰显出鲜明的本体特征:框架体系日益明晰,免费政策贯穿始终,法治化进程举步维艰。     

Toward a modern concept of schooling: A case study on Hegel

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel developed the concept of institutionalized education, which reflected public schooling and its legitimacy in the context of rapid transformation of European feudal societies to modern societies. The concept of school reflects the Hegelian theory of Bildung and the concept of modern society. What makes Hegel’s philosophy interesting is his conviction that the processes of Bildung can take place only in the context of social institutions and in the highly organized forms of human interaction regulated by those institutions. Hence the development of an individual, according to Hegel, depends exclusively on institutionalized forms of interaction. In modern society, pedagogical institutions have a specific function: on the one hand, schooling is essentially an institutional form of initiating the process of Bildung in which an individual acquires culture and applies it to life—a life which consequently becomes consciously led by an individual self; on the other, schooling is essentially a way for modern society to ensure its self-preservation by preparing the individual to respond to the demands of civic society so that she or he can take part in the economic production and reproduction of modern society.     

The returns to UK degrees for foreign‐educated graduates

Exploiting information on foreign qualifications for the first time, we estimate the returns to obtaining UK higher degrees for foreign graduates who migrated to the UK in their 20s. Accounting for direct measures of foreign and UK qualifications and country‐of‐origin fixed effects, we find substantial returns to obtaining UK (higher) degrees on hourly wages and occupational attainment for both genders, working mainly through occupational attainment. However, there is strong evidence that the effect of the high returns is driven by immigrants from countries where English is not a dominant language. Moreover, returns to UK (higher) degrees are more pronounced for graduates from low‐HDI/GDP countries, suggesting an important role for the incompatibility of education and skills between home and destination countries. We further examine the robustness of our results by using a partial identification method, and our findings suggest that the extent of selection on unobservables required to eliminate a positive treatment effect is too large to be plausible, especially for men. Our study extends previous research with the first evidence from the UK, by showing large positive effects of post‐migration investments in human capital acquisition on labour market outcomes. Obtaining UK higher degrees appears to reduce the informational uncertainty associated with foreign credentials, facilitate cultural and economic assimilation, and boost economic opportunities for foreign graduates, especially for those developing/poor country immigrants.     

美国拉丁裔教育存在的问题探析

在美国,对于移民而言最重要的莫过于教育．没有教育他们将无法融入社会并长期立足．拉丁裔作为美国当今第一大少数族裔亦是如此。本文主要从历史的角度和学校教育现状出发．分析拉丁裔教育中存在的主要问题。     

特别重大公共卫生事件“危”与“机”:高职院校复学复课与应急管理

梳理国内外近年来的特别重大公共卫生事件发现,特别重大公共卫生事件发生频率并不低。高职院校自身具有微型社会的特点,在遭到特别重大公共卫生事件冲击之后,高职院校在授课、招生、就业、管理等方面面临严峻危机,此时需对授课、招生、就业、管理等工作模式进行创新,提高工作效率,更好地为学生服务。特别重大公共卫生事件下,高职院校要提升应急预案科学性、提升师生公共卫生意识、加强学生心理疏导。