与钱歌川教授商榷--关于《西厢记》中"西风紧"一句,意译或直译,孰宜?

钱歌川教授在其所著<翻译的基本知识>第七章〈直译和意译举例〉中,以熊式一先生所译<西厢记>中一名句"碧云天,黄叶地,西风紧,塞雁南飞,晓来谁染霜林醉?尽是离人泪."认为把"西风紧"译为"Bitteris the west wind",似乎有点犯了直译的毛病,而且前面的形容词bitter在英国人的观念中发生矛盾.并以英国的桂冠诗人John Masefield的<西风歌>出面说明.钱老提出"最好还是意译."笔者不敢苟同,遂从地学因素观点出发,分析阐明<西风歌>与<西厢记>中同为the west wind,缘何两者情景迥异的因果原由.若为符合英国人的观念,采取"入乡随俗"方式意译西风,似嫌欠妥.笔者赞同以"直译加注"方式以译西风,较为恰切、适宜.     

行政自由裁量权的规范与控制

在现代行政中，行政自由裁量权是必不可少的，但它最容易被滥用，从而带来严重危害行政法治和侵害行政相对人权利的负面效应，因此，有必要对其进行规范与控制。对于行政自由裁量权，规范与控制同等重要，二者相辅相成，缺一不可。     

数字化时代人文精神的反思与重建

人文精神在不同时代有不同的内涵 ,数字化时代的人文精神是科学的人文精神 ,是高科技时代人类的精神支柱。数字化时代是人文精神充分彰显的时代 ,主要表现在人的自由时间的大量增加、人的能力的极大提高、人的社会关系的全面丰富和人的自由个性的全面发展等方面。同时 ,数字化时代又存在人文精神衰变的悖论 ,主要表现为人在自身发展、文化、道德和心理、人类安全等方面面临的一系列新困境。数字化时代科学的人文精神的建构要遵循以下原则 :在人文的视野中构建科学精神 ,以价值理性校正工具理性 ;要实现民族精神、时代精神和全球精神的有机整合 ;在理想的视野中把握现实性 ,实现终极关怀与现实关切的统一 ;在人的社会性发展中完善个体性。     

汇率干预中的多点自由边值问题的数值计算方法

1IntroductionIt is i mportant for the economic development of acountry to maintain the stabilization of exchange rate,so the intervention of exchange rate has become thetopic of the main concerns of the economic and math-ematical circles[1-5].To maintain the stabilization ofexchange rate,many countries use target zone re-gi mes,that is,the central banks intervene in the for-eign exchange market such that the exchange ratestays within the interval[a,b].There are fixed costand cost proportional …     

投资现金流敏感性研究：国内外文献综述

投资现金流敏感性研究是现代企业投资理论研究的热点。本文通过回顾投资现金流敏感性研究的国内外相关文献,主要介绍了投资现金流敏感性研究的理论基础,研究的方向、采用的实证模型以及动因甄别方法和计量方法,最后对投资现金流敏感性分析提出建议,以期对进一步的相关研究提供参考。     

Blended Literal Communication in Translation

There is a natural tension between Literal and Communication translation methods and has been going on now for two millenniums. We must be faithful to the original meaning of the source language (SL) and accurate in our translation but flexible enough to communicate naturally to the target language (TL) readers. While it may seem hopeless to truly communicate with all languages and cultures, with the growing global economy and the more interdependent we become, it is even more important that we continue to try to blend our thoughts and hearts together. So with foolish confidence and wise trepidation, this paper will wade into the age long discussion on the practice of translation and teaching, attempting to reconcile the theories of literal or semantic and free or communication translation theories.     

重视大班幼儿早期阅读中的结伴阅读现象

对大班幼儿自由阅读情境中结伴阅读现象的研究发现,结伴阅读是大班幼儿非常喜欢的一种早期阅读形式,而结伴阅读的实质是一种以阅读材料为媒介的社交活动。幼儿的结伴阅读能力有较大的个体差异,与其阅读能力及社交能力密切相关。教师应重视大班幼儿在早期阅读中的社交心理需求,将结伴阅读作为大班幼儿阅读的重要方式,重视对幼儿结伴阅读能力的观察、指导与评估,以促进其早期阅读能力的发展,并有效预防早期阅读障碍。     

论学术自由的理论基础

学术自由之于发展高深学问的重要性,已是教育界的普遍共识。但学术自由重要性,学术自由的理论基础并非不证自明。为了避免学术自由被怀疑、误解,无疑要从理论上进行阐述。基于此,本文拟从学术自由的概念、理论基础及保障自由等方面作深入探讨。     

Video diaries: a tool to investigate sustainability-related learning in threshold spaces

This paper takes as a case study an undergraduate field class from a UK university to rural Uganda. It describes and evaluates the use of video diaries as a tool for investigating the process of transformative learning in the context of education for sustainability. The applicability of threshold concept theory to this learning is investigated. Results show the video diary technique to be much more successful in capturing the development of student learning than written diaries. Despite some practical difficulties, rich data were generated. Analysis demonstrated that learning met three of the five criteria for threshold concepts: the learning was transformative, integrative and troublesome. Further research could test whether the learning in this case study met the threshold concept criterion of irreversibility. Further elaboration of the theoretical relationship between threshold concepts, transformative learning and education for sustainability is also needed. It is concluded that the video diary method is potentially transferable to other educational research contexts and may be particularly suitable for researching learning in threshold spaces.