21世纪初我国高新技术产业发展的思考

我国高新技术产业发展已取得很大成就，但还存在国际竞争力不强等问题，加快我国高新技术产业发展要从多方面努力。     

网络流行语的模因论分析

网络流行语作为一种现代社会的时尚符号,在我们生活中处处可见,它反映了民众的智慧和最真实的自我表达。网络流行语的普遍传播已引起语言学界的关注,但现有的研究大都从修辞的角度进行描述和分析,并未阐释其产生的原因及作用机制。借助语用学三大理论之一的模因论对此加以分析,发现网络流行语之所以得以复制传播正是因为它符合强势模因的标准:高保真度、多产性以及长寿性。     

弱量子代数wU_i~d的最高权模和中心

wUid是一个d-型的弱量子代数mqd(g)的子代数.给出了wUid的最高权模的定义和性质,并构造了它的中心.     

困境中的高校执行力：模式分析与途径选择

高校执行力与蓬勃发展的高等教育不相适应。通过分析高校执行力的变化过程,我们将其分为行政力影响和内生性推动两种模式。执行的主体、环境和行为方式等是形成执行力困境的主要原因,因此可以通过素质与能力建设、改善执行环境、优化执行行为、控制执行过程等提升高校执行力。     

Is academic tracking related to gains in learning competence? Using propensity score matching and differential item change functioning analysis for better understanding of tracking implications

This study analyzes gains in cognitive components of learning competence with respect to cohorts based on ability tracking in a Czech longitudinal study. Propensity score matching is used to form parallelized samples of academic and non-academic track students and to eliminate the effect of selective school intake. We applied regression models on the total scores to test for the overall track effect. Furthermore, we analyze scores and gains on the subscores and check for differential item functioning in Grade 6 and in change to Grade 9. While after 3 years, no significant difference between the two tracks was apparent in the total learning competence score, we did, however, find significant differences in some subscores and in the functioning of some items. We argue that item-level analysis is important for deeper understanding of the tracking implications and may provide the basis for more precise evidence-based decisions regarding the tracking policy.     

Teamwork and Entrepreneurial Behavior among K-12 Teachers in the United States

Abstract

This study attempted to identify the predictors of entrepreneurial behavior by assessing a series of variables that included teamwork skills and demographic variables, and to explore teachers’ experiences with teamwork. A sample of 367?K-12 public school teachers completed the survey. The findings indicated that teamwork predicts entrepreneurial behavior. Most participants received teamwork training through their school districts. Barriers to teamwork included time constraints, individual differences, and inability to collaborate.     

When screens replace backyards: strategies to connect digital-media-oriented young people to nature

Abstract

Children’s connection to nature (CTN) is declining with each generation, a concerning trend given that CTN is positively linked to wellbeing and environmentalism. A primary cause of this decline is that twenty-first-century youth engage with screens for several hours each day, which to a large extent replaces nature-based play. Researchers have proposed that this change represents a transition in human orientation, particularly in Westernized societies, from nature (biophilia) to digital media (videophilia). Interventions promoting nature-based play must acknowledge digital-media use as a competing leisure pursuit, but the literature presents little guidance for designing programs that will attract young people who are more oriented toward digital media than nature. Drawing on a wide breadth of research, we address this gap through (1) exploring the implications of videophilia for nature-based programming and (2) summarizing recommendations from a narrative literature review for designing interventions that appeal to digital-media-oriented youth.     

中本贯通教育内部质量保障机制的构建

中本贯通指职业教育中中专教育、大学专科教育到本科教育之间的贯通。它是高等职业教育的一项重要的改革措施。在这项工作中,教育内部质量保障机制具有主体多元化、培养周期长、关键环节多等特点,构建此机制对提升中本贯通人才培养质量具有重要意义,而目前此类研究较为缺乏。通过分析上海某高校近年来的探索经验,提出以整体设计、反向设计和多维设计的原则构建统一主体的民主决策机制、全过程质量监控机制和教学质量预警机制等内部质量保障机制,为提升中本贯通教育培养质量和中高职贯通、高本贯通等各类贯通教育试点改革提供参考。     

来华留学生的自我呈现:途径与机制

来华留学生的跨文化交流会影响其留学体验,基于新制度主义社会学视角,研究采用质性研究方法对来自北京师范大学的14位来华留学生进行了访谈、观察和实物收集,探究其自我呈现的途径及作用机制。研究发现,来华留学生以学习场域的边缘人、交往的分化者、精神空间的建构者、情感能量的获得者、反身性的调适者五种角色进行自我呈现。恰适性逻辑与结果性行为逻辑共同构成的社会适应逻辑作用于来华留学生个体的行为选择与身份表达。因个体行为与制度间的高度互动性,影响其自我呈现的制度构成包括规制性的安排与惯例、规范性的交往规则、文化-认知性的社会框架。所以高校不仅要在规制性层面进行政策调整,还应当对文化-认知与情感层面予以关注,从而促进来华留学生的跨文化适应。     

从教育选择权看教育发展的历史性转折

教育原本是一项由受教育者自主选择的自然权利，在教育国家化的进程中，国家出于普及教育之 需实施义务教育，由此教育强制与教育自由成为贯穿教育全过程的一对矛盾。“在家上学”的出现表明，尊重 个体的需要与选择应当成为政策制定与实施的应然选择。伴随公民权利意识的觉醒以及社会世俗化的进 程，人们的社交方式和认知方式发生变化，官民关系格局开始出现新的气象。由网络和非网络、体制内和体 制外等不同渠道构成的综合性的利益表达机制，使社会利益群体逐渐摆脱了利益表达的依附性。近年来正 在推进的教育治理体系和治理能力建设，促进了政府决策层对公共问题的关注和回应，引导当事人为共同 利益开展共同行动，及时化解矛盾纷争，促进社会和谐。