Gender Verifications in Sport: From an East/West Antagonism to a North/South Antagonism

This paper aims to analyze gender verifications in sport from a socio-historical approach. These medical controls intended to keep men from competing in women's international competitions. Some female athletes are put through a masculinization trial, because of morphologies and performances judged as too masculine. Facing these athletes who disrupt the representation of a binary construction between the male sex and the female sex, sports institutions attempt to maintain a sexual bi-categorization. More precisely, this paper will present the ‘symbolic’ suppression of tests since 2000. Thereafter, authorities only rely on an aesthetic and visual assessment of female bodies and no longer use tests in a systematic and obligatory fashion. This reveals the moving boundary subjectively plotted between the masculine and the feminine, which become all the more blurred when the ‘race and class markers’ interfere with the ‘sex markers’.     

Temporal specificity of training: intra-day effects on biochemical responses and Olympic-Weightlifting performances

The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of an Olympic-Weightlifting session training at three times of the day on the performance related to biochemical responses. Nine weightlifters (21 ± 0.5 years) performed, in randomised order, on three Olympic-Weightlifting training (snatch, clean and jerk) sessions (08:00 a.m., 02:00 p. m., 06:00 p. m.). Blood samples were collected: before, 3 min and 48 h after each training session. Haematological parameters and markers of muscle injury were assessed. Resting oral temperature and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were also assessed during each session. ANOVA showed that the performance was better (P < 0.001) at 02:00 p. m. with a less RPE (P < 0.01) compared to the morning and the evening sessions while there was higher (P < 0.05) oral temperature at 06:00 p. m. versus 08:00 a.m. and 02:00 p. m. Muscle damage changed immediately (without significant effect after 48 h) after the training sessions with lower values ??in the evening compared to the morning. In conclusion, the afternoon training is more effective than morning or evening sessions for weightlifters. Therefore, coaches and weightlifters should be advised to schedule their training session in the afternoon hour.     

校园空气负氧离子浓度分布与空气质量评价

空气负氧离子浓度水平不仅反映了空气质量,还直接影响人们的舒适程度和健康状况。研究武夷学院空气负氧离子浓度含量发现,其受人类活动力度、海拔高度、空气流通状况、动态水体和植被分布等综合因素影响,并具有明显的气象变化和日变化特征。负氧离子浓度含量排序为:暴雨天>小雨天>雨后阴天>晴天;一日中上午>傍晚>中午。测量结果表明该校园整体空气质量等级达到四级或者三级,空气清新,有利于师生健康。     

浅谈莫言《生死疲劳》的变异修辞

莫言是中国首位诺贝尔文学奖的获得者,其小说在语言方面取得了令人瞩目的成就。《生死疲劳》是莫言的经典作品,其语言汪洋恣肆,千变万化,尤其是变异修辞手法的运用,不仅数目多,而且类型广。     

语言模因变异与科技英语词义推导刍议

科技英语词义灵活多变、富于变异的特性给科技英语词义推导带来了困难。模因论认为语言模因本身就是一种变异,并对语言模因变异的根源和规律进行了描述,可用于解释科技英语词义变异的现象。将国内外学者对语言模因变异研究的成果与科技英语词义自身变异的现象结合起来,梳理出了科技英语词义变异的六种模式及推导方法,可用于指导科技英语词汇的学习与翻译。     

Television—the Housewife's Choice? The 1949 Mass Observation Television Directive,Reluctance and Revision

This article considers the responses of women, many of whom describe themselves as housewives, in the 1949 Mass Observation Television Directive, in order to interrogate some of the broader assumptions around television's relationship with ‘the housewife’ as key to its success. Against the backcloth of social histories revising ideas about gender, modernity and suburbia in the post-war period, this article considers some of the ways in which initial reluctance towards television was recorded and negotiated. It presents three themes around tensions between home and leisure, the domestication of entertainment and ‘going out’, and the appreciation of particular genre, which suggest that the adoption of television as mass entertainment by women might not have been as smooth a process as we have come to understand.     

网络语言常见语法现象及其规范问题

网络语言在语法上的突出特点主要表现在副词超常使用、词的重叠、词类转换、语码混用、特殊句式、省略简约等几个方面。在网络语言的语法规范问题上,应加强对网络语法变异现象的搜集和整理工作,限定其使用范围,肯定并推广网络语言中有益的语法形式,纠正和抵制其中无益的语法变异现象,尽可能地减少其对语言规范的破坏。     

模因论视角下手机短信语言变异取向分析

手机短信语言在使用过程中产生了显著的变异,并形成口语化、简缩化、修辞化三大变异取向。这是语言模因之间竞争的结果,强势模因和强势模因复合体的成功复制与传播则是这三大变异取向形成的主要推动力。     

#MeToo,sexual harassment: an article,a forum,and a dream for the future

#MeToo has breathed new life into the women’s movement and especially into understanding and rectifying sexual harassment, abuse and assault. It has galvanized activists around the globe. And it has placed thousands of stories of the harassed in full view of the public. Sexual harassment, abuse and assault may occur within the organizational context or beyond; but sexual harassment, in particular has been legally labeled an organizational phenomenon. With this in mind, Robin Clair frames the early part of this article around the most recent organizational communication theories (see the appendix for an overview of these theories). Following the essay is a forum, in which invited scholars address questions related to the #MeToo movement.     

罗丝:父权社会的“木偶”

美国作家杰克·伦敦的小说《马丁·伊登》自出版以来备受关注,主人公马丁·伊登更是批评界争论的焦点。许多批评者认为,女主人公罗丝是"谋害"男主人公马丁·伊登的"凶手"。但从性别视角来看,罗丝并非"凶手",而是受害者。整个故事中,罗丝受制于父权社会,扮演"引诱天使"和"驯兽师"诱惑、规训马丁·伊登,是一只不能"自我言说"的"沉默羔羊"。