Gender Identity Reflected from Language Use in Casual Conversation

Language use can reflect social identities and the way a person is presenting himself or herself to other people. As to show how gender identities can be reflected from the discourse, a casual conversa...     

Identities in/out of physics and the politics of recognition

Framed within intersectionality, this multiple case study explores women's participation in physics through the construct of physics identity and with a focus on recognition. The study is drawn upon an empirical life-history exploration of three women: a native to Northwestern Europe, late-career white woman and two immigrant women to Northwestern Europe, one is an undergraduate student of color, and the other, an early career Muslim woman. The data for this study were collected through multiple, semistructured, interviews in a period of 2 years, which were analyzed using a constant comparative method. Collectively, the three life-histories tell stories of otherness, persistence, hope, and failure and they elucidate the kinds of identities that are deemed “in-place” and “out-of-place” in physics. They showcase how the three women authored multiple identities that simply co-existed for them, while for others were seen as conflicting and caused misrecognition. The findings point to four main insights: (a) recognition is neither linear nor binary and it comes in many different forms that range from explicit encouragement to no opposition; (b) it is drawn upon various sources including ones in the early years of life: family, school teachers, university instructor, students, and social community; (c) it is culture-dependent and as such, it is influenced by factors on multiple levels, including cultural and gender stereotypes, organizational policies, racism, sexism, classicism, and other forms of discrimination. The implications of these findings speak to the need for: (a) systemic programs on how women are recognized by others and which seek to widen and diversify physics environments from the school level to the professional level; (b) research exploration of the politics of recognition and how they perpetuate the underrepresentation of women in physics; and, (c) disrupting monolithic theorizations of recognition and adopting intersectional approaches to exploring physics identity that value women's personal histories, subjectivities, and positionalities.     

Biological variations of ADAMTS13 and von Willebrand factor in human adults

Background:

The ultra-large von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers are very active and must be degraded by ADAMTS13 for optimal activity. A severe functional deficiency of ADAMTS13 has been associated with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. The correct interpretation of patient vWF and ADAMTS13 plasma levels requires an understanding of the biological variation associated with these analytes. In the present paper, we aimed to determine the biological variation of ADAMTS13 and vWF in human adults.

Materials and methods:

Blood samples were collected weekly from 19 healthy subjects for 5 consecutive weeks. vWF activity and antigenicity were determined using aggregometric and immunoturbidimetric methods. ADAMTS13 antigenicity and activity were determined by ELISA.

Results:

The within-subject biological variations for vWF activity and antigenicity were 8.06% and 14.37%, respectively, while the between-subject biological variations were 18.5% and 22.59%, respectively. The index of individuality for vWF activity was 0.44, while vWF antigenicity was 0.64. Similarly, ADAMTS13 activity and antigenicity within-subject biological variations were 12.73% and 9.75%, respectively, while between-subject biological variations were 9.63% and 6.28%, respectively. The ADAMTS13 indexes of individuality were 1.32 and 1.55, respectively.

Conclusion:

We report high biological variation and individuality in vWF antigenicity and activity levels. However, ADAMTS13 antigenicity and activity displayed high biological variation, but low individuality. Thus, population-based reference intervals may be useful for monitoring ADAMTS13 antigenicity and activity, but not for vWF, which displays high individuality. These findings should be considered when determining the reference interval and other clinical variables associated with ADAMTS13 and vWF levels.     

抗阻训练对心梗大鼠心脏和骨骼肌NRG1表征的影响及其性别差异

摘要：目的：探讨抗阻训练对心肌梗死(myocardial infarction, MI)大鼠心脏和骨骼肌形态结构及神经调节蛋白1（Neuregulin1, NRG1）表征的影响及其性别差异。方法：3月龄Sprague Dawley大鼠,随机分为雄性假心梗组(MS)、雄性心梗安静组(MMI)、雄性心梗运动组(MMR)、雌性假心梗组(FS),雌性心梗安静组(FMI)和雌性心梗运动组(FMR),每组8只。MMR和FMR组进行为期4wk负荷渐进性递增抗阻训练。血流动力学测定心功能;组织学染色观察并计算形态学变化;检测心脏和骨骼肌中NRG1和ErbB2/4受体的表达变化。结果：MI后大鼠心功能显著降低,心肌组织出现替代性纤维化,腓肠肌质量和细胞横截面积不同程度减小。抗阻训练显著提高了MI大鼠心功能,增加了腓肠肌相对质量和细胞横截面积,同时显著上调雄性MI大鼠心肌和骨骼肌中NRG1蛋白水平及雄性和雌性MI大鼠ErbB2和ErbB4的表达(p<0.05, p<0.01)。结论：抗阻训练促进MI大鼠心功能改善和骨骼肌生长,上调心肌和骨骼肌中NRG1及其受体表达,且不同性别之间存在程度差异性。     

性别及生源地与高校非英语专业全英班学员跨文化意识的关系探究--以海南医学院全英班为例

全英班全英文授课的教学方式源自国外,其为外语教学中跨文化教学的融合提供了诸多便利,是近几年诸多高校提升教学质量,提高学生素质,扩大国际交流的一种教学形式,因此目前大多数高校非英语专业全英班皆已融入跨文化意识的培养内容。而从全英班入学选拔开始,教育决策者就必须考虑不同背景的生源对今后跨文化教学所带来的影响。本文就笔者所就职院校---海南医学院近年开设的临床专业全英班性别及生源地调查分析,就教学前期的招生准备工作进行实证研究,探讨非英语专业全英班性别及生源地差异对全英班先前的跨文化意识积淀及后期实施跨文化意识培养所可能带来的影响,并讨论这种影响与后期跨文化教学可能存在的联系,继而提出后期教学环节上的改良建议。     

初中生性别角色与体质健康及体育态度的关系

选取北京市1所重点中学和1所普通中学的586名初二学生为样本,进行性别角色、体质健康及体育态度的测量与调查。结果表明：双性化(38.9%)与未分化(36.2%)比例较高,单性化较低(24.9%)。男生群体中,体质健康由好及差的顺序为：男性化、女性化、双性化、未分化,男性化和未分化个体在体质健康上差异显著(P<0.05);体测各单项指标随性别角色呈现不同规律;不同性别角色在体育重要性、喜欢程度、锻炼次数方面差异极其显著(P<0.001)。女生群体中,体质健康由好及差的顺序为：女性化、男性化、双性化、未分化,女性化和未分化个体体质健康差异边缘显著(P=0.08);体测各单项指标随性别角色呈现另一种规律;不同性别角色的女生在重要性(P<0.05)、喜欢程度(P<0.001)方面差异显著。在结果的基础上,分析了可能存在的影响因素、研究的局限性、未来展望与相应的干预策略。     

性别秩序与奥林匹克竞赛项目

从性别差异、社会性别认同的角度阐释奥林匹克竞赛项目的变化。从项群理论对运动项目的分类来看,女性更适合参与表现唯美、精准的项目。结果表明::在尊重性别差异、结合运动项目特点、在性别生理、心理差异的基础之上、在奥林匹克文化与民族文化的统一与分野的基础之上、才能实现最有内涵的男女平等。     

The Emergence of Basketball as an American National Pastime: From a Popular Participant Sport to a Spectacle of Nationhood

Invented in the USA in 1891, basketball immediately proved a popular pastime among those who played the game but it did not initially rank in the estimation of most American observers as a national pastime. By the twenty-first century, however, basketball had become acclaimed by the media and fans as one of a trio of team sports that stood as national pastimes, alongside baseball and American football. Promoters of basketball have since its invention promoted it as worthy of national pastime status but for much of the first century of its existence it did not quite meet that threshold. Beloved in certain regions and among certain groups, widely played but not as widely watched, basketball remained until the last quarter of the twentieth century outside of the boundaries that denoted national pastime status to most observers in the USA. Beginning in that era, however, a confluence of forces catapulted the game into national pastime status, a new eminence in American popular culture underscored by the debut of Michael Jordan and the ‘Dream Team’ at the 1992 Olympics.     

阿毛诗歌意象之变奏

石头、星星、水、风、镜子、玫瑰、火车这几个意象贯穿了阿毛整个创作过程。这些意象不仅表现出原型意义,还被诗人赋予了现代性,它们一起指向生命的源头及对自我的认识,与此同时,意象的变奏也揭示出阿毛前后期诗风的变与不变。     

体育用品企业如何应对人民币升值的冲击

在分析我国体育用品市场现状的基础上，研究了人民币汇率变动的趋势以及汇率的变动对体育用品企业的影响，探讨了面临人民币升值的压力，如何趋利避害，合理利用国外生产要素，降低生产成本．及时归还和调整外汇债务，借鉴外国经验，大力推进对外直接投资。