Being ‘nice’ or being ‘normal’: girls resisting discourses of ‘coolness’

In this paper we consider discourses of friendship and belonging mobilised by girls who are not part of the dominant ‘cool’ group in one English primary school. We explore how, by investing in alternative and, at times, resistant, discourses of ‘being nice’ and ‘being normal’ these ‘non-cool’ girls were able to avoid some of the struggles for dominance and related bullying and exclusion found by us and other researchers to be a feature of ‘cool girls’ groupings. We argue that there are multiple dynamics in girls' lives in which being ‘cool’ is only sometimes a dominant concern. There are some children for whom explicitly positioning themselves outside of the ‘cool’ group is both resistant and protective, providing a counter-discourse to the dominance of ‘coolness’. In this paper, which is based on observational and interview data in one school in the south of England, we focus on two main groupings of intermediate and lower status girls, as well as on one ‘wannabe’ ‘cool girl’. While belonging to a lower status group can bring disadvantages for the girls we studied, there were also benefits.     

人工诱变在植物病原真菌研究中的应用

分别介绍了物理诱变、化学诱变和插入突变在病原真菌遗传变异规律和致病机理研究中的应用.     

抽象函数的一致强可导性问题

文中指出从区域G包括于K(K是数域)到Banach空间内的抽象函数x(t)的强一致连续性、强(弱)可导性及一致强(弱)可导性、强囿变之间的关系，并且给出一致强可导的条件。     

论19世纪英国女性作家的女性意识——以夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简爱》为例

以女性社会性别角色为切入点,运用权力话语理论,解读19世纪英国小说《简.爱》,探讨了女性作家在男权社会文化下的创作是不断挣脱男性权力话语的束缚,反抗男性话语霸权和推崇女性独立意识的矛盾过程。     

劳动力市场的性别分层研究

本文依据制度经济学和社会分层的相关理论,将男性劳动力和女性劳动力放在国家再分配经济体制和市场经济体制的制度框架中,通过微观分配领域的就业制度以及宏观分配领域的社会保障制度的分析,指出社会转型期的劳动力市场中,男性劳动力与女性劳动力不是根本对立的群体划分,而是体制内男劳动力、体制内女劳动力、体制外男劳动力和体制外女劳动力四个逐级递减的性别交错层次。     

In a practical mood: Studying for a profession in the changing kibbutz

The influence of recent social and economicchanges in the Israeli kibbutz on the prolongedstage of youth was examined with respect tohigher education. The young people on thekibbutz of the late 1990s appear lessmoratorial and more instrumental about theirfuture and commence higher education earlierthan in previous age cohorts. When starting tostudy, their educational and professionalprospects are crystalized as those of thenon-kibbutz student. Most of them opt foracademic, degree-granting studies, but a higherpercentage than among the general populationprefer vocation-oriented colleges to theresearch oriented universities. In choosingfields of study, they prefer more appliedstudies like engineering, social services andpractical arts and are less likely to choosesciences and the humanities. De-communalizationand economic instability of the kibbutz,inadequate preparation in kibbutz high schoolsfor the competitive admission to theuniversities, exposure to a restricted range ofoccupations during adolescence, and lack of acultural tradition supportive of elitiststudies may explain this practical mood, moresalient among kibbutz women.     

Students’ reception of peer assessment of group-work contributions: problematics in terms of race and gender emerging from a South African case study

Participatory assessment is increasingly employed in higher education worldwide as a formative mechanism to support students’ active learning. But do students in an increasingly relationally diverse environment perceive that peer assessment of individuals’ contributions to group-work tasks enhances their learning? Recognising the impact of students’ conceptions on the quality of their learning, this study considers students’ perspectives of peer assessment of group-work contributions at a South African university. Questionnaires elicited students’ perspectives of and general attitudes towards assessment of and by their peers. A growing measure of discontent with the process of assessing peer contributions to group tasks emerged, including actual and perceived racial and gender stereotyping, and related rejection-sensitivity. These initial findings were checked against the students’ experiences in a report-and-respond process that enabled probing discussions of the interpretations. This paper examines and explores the implications of such identifications and receptions for learning engagement and group-work curriculum development in the context of a rapidly transforming higher education sector.     

基于性别差异的我国高校毕业生就业特征研究

本研究基于北京大学2009年度全国高校毕业生就业抽样调查数据,针对社会科学研究中的高度复杂性、非线性和不确定性特征,运用复杂性科学研究中的神经网络拟合仿真方法,较好地分离出性别差异对我国高校毕业生就业工作特征和流动特征的影响。研究表明:性别因素将会导致10.89%的薪金差距;男性获得就业地户口的机率比女性高出9.27%;从整体上看,男女大学生就业单位性质的差异并不明显。相对上述就业工作特征,毕业生流动特征的性别差异较为显著:男性毕业生比女性具有更强的流动性,除了就业流动以外,上学流动、毕业流动的性别差异度分别是19.5%和23.77%,全流动差异更是达到了40.57%;而男女毕业生就业流动概率的差异度仅有2.77个百分点,其主要是女性的流动惰性所造成的。     

赞比亚高等教育中的性别平等问题研究——以赞比亚大学为例

随着性别平等问题在教育领域受到越来越广泛的重视,赞比亚政府为此颁布了一系列旨在解决性别不平等问题的政策。高等教育机构在政府政策的推动下也纷纷采取了一系列措施鼓励女性入学,如开展新生确认行动,采用降分措施,改善女生在校硬件设施等。通过对赞比亚大学女生就学情况的分析可知,女性接受高等教育的情况得到了一定程度的改善,国家解决性别不平等问题的政策和高校相关措施得到了有效的贯彻和落实。但赞比亚高等教育中尚未实现性别平等,在某些学科领域性别不平等问题仍然较为严重。     

学习者英语自我概念与英语水平关系中的性别差异

本文以学习者性别差异为切入点,通过对348名大学新生所做的定量研究,观察并分析学习者英语自我概念与英语水平之间的关系。研究发现：（1）女生的整体英语自我概念、听力自我概念和阅读自我概念都明显高于男生,但在口语自我概念和写作自我概念上男女生不存在显著差异;（2）女生的综合英语水平及各项技能水平均高于男生,尤其是听说水平;（3）男生的英语自我概念与英语各项技能水平间的相关系数均高于女生,同时男生和女生的口语自我概念与口语水平的相关系数均最高;（4）在英语自我概念高分组中,女生只在口语水平上明显地高于男生,而在低分组里,女生的英语各项技能水平都明显高于男生,最为突出的是写作水平。