Stimulating Intrinsic Motivation in Millennial Students: A New Generation,a New Approach

There has been a fundamental change in health care pedagogy to address the demands and challenges posed by the present generation of millennial students. There is also a growing recognition of the role of intrinsic motivation as a catalyst in a positive learning experience. The term intrinsic motivation refers to energizing behavior that comes from within an individual and develops due to an inherent interest in the activity at hand. However, stimulating intrinsic motivation in the present generation of millennial health care students is a daunting task, considering their diverse and disparate nature. In addition, the inherent generational differences between educators and students, and an increasing emphasis on technological tools have resulted in a dichotomy in the educational environment leading to the development of a greater incidence of burnouts among students. Hence, numerous innovative techniques have been introduced in health care education to enhance the levels of intrinsic motivation in these students. Unfortunately, most of these approaches have only been moderately successful due to their limited ability to address the unique educational expectations of millennial students. The cumulative evidence suggests that specific approaches to stimulate intrinsic motivation should aim at nurturing the learning efforts of students, bridging the generational barriers between educators and students, and ameliorating the stress associated with health care education. Hence, the specific aim of this narrative review is to suggest empirically proven curricular strategies and institutional reforms to enhance intrinsic motivation in health care students belonging to the Millennial Generation.     

中国传统农业向现代农业转变的制度障碍及其变革

现代农业的推广与发展不仅仅需要技术的跟进与优质资源要素的投入,更需要制度安排上的改革与创新。本文就目前中国农村现代农业发展面临的土地承包权、信贷资源配置、农业生产合作组织和人力资本形成等制度方面的障碍进行深入分析,并在此基础上提出了相应的改革措施。这为中国破除现代农业发展的制度障碍,加快现代农业的发展提供了有益参考。     

地方高校图书馆服务地方的优势、障碍与对策研究——以常熟理工学院为例

地方高校图书馆拥有丰富的信息资源,为地方经济、文化发展提供服务具有自身的优势,但其中也存在着管理体制和相关资源方面的障碍。地方高校图书馆除了为地方提供常规的服务外,还可通过提供技术信息服务、加强校地合作等来服务地方。     

贸易技术壁垒利弊分析

自由和保护在国际贸易中时刻都存在着,其中技术壁垒是我国遭受贸易障碍的主要因素之一,发达国家往往采用贸易技术壁垒来合理合法地限制我国产品的出口,同时也能起到贸易保护的作用。最近全球都在经历重大的金融危机,许多国家为了保护国内的产业,纷纷提出一些贸易保护措施,而贸易技术壁垒也必然会再次成为主要方法之一。本文通过定义四个基本变量来分析贸易技术壁垒带来的坏处和好处,以对贸易技术壁垒有比较客观的认识,从而使我们能较好地规避贸易技术壁垒带来的弊端,同时有利于用好它带来的创新机会。     

Minority parental involvement and school barriers: Moving the focus away from deficiencies of parents

There has been an alarming imbalance in recent research on minority parental involvement because it has focused on parents’ variables to identify groups for effective interventions without searching for broader contextual variables. This literature review provides available research findings on the school barriers that prevent minority parents’ participation in their children's school in the United States. The following school barriers were identified: (a) teachers’ perception about the efficacy of minority parents, (b) teachers’ perception concerning the capacity of minority parents, (c) teachers’ beliefs in the effectiveness of parental involvement and developmental philosophy, (d) teachers’ self-efficacy in teaching effectiveness, (e) school friendliness and positive communication, (f) diversity of parental involvement programs, (g) school policies, and (h) school leadership. Increased understanding about the nature of minority parental involvement in their children's school will lead to a more collaborative home–school partnership and ensure the long-term success of parental involvement.     

初中聋生学习数学的心理障碍分析与对策

初中聋生听觉障碍,在学习数学过程中产生诸多消极心理障碍,主要表现在厌学、畏惧、自卑、急躁、依赖、定势、轻过程、重结论等方面.这些心理障碍严重影响了聋生学习数学的效果.针对初中聋生学习数学的认知特点和产生心理障碍的成因,消除聋生心理障碍的对策是：激发聋生的学习兴趣、优化教法和指导学法等3个方面.     

浅述转轨时期中国涉外政府规制及完善

中国加入WTO过渡期结束后,国内缺乏必要的政府规制。面对国际贸易摩擦增加、外国政府保护贸易主义抬头,中国出口产品经常受到各种形式的贸易壁垒的阻击,以及屡受来自欧美等国的质疑和投诉。中国正处于经济体制转轨和加入WTO新形势双重背景下,在全球范围放松政府规制的今天,加强政府的涉外规制,对维护和保障国内经济利益尤为重要。本文首先简述政府规制的内涵与外延的界定;然后引出涉外规制的相关内容;最后尝试性地探讨在WTO规则下,中国政府在涉外规制中的具体操作和完善。     

湖北省中小企业内部成长障碍实证研究

通过对影响湖北省中小企业成长的内部障碍的实证分析,指出了湖北省中小企业在治理结构方面的成长障碍因素,并提出了促使其健康成长的相关建议。     

从知识失业现象分析构筑文科专业壁垒的价值

当前,我国高等教育文科建设面临就业难问题,随着扩招和＂双选＂就业机制的深入,这一问题越来越凸显,随之而来的就是知识失业现象。在实现大众化教育以后,文科生就业形势与理工科相比要严重得多,知识失业现象也比较明显。有必要通过构筑文科专业壁垒体系,从根本上提升文科大学生的教育质量。文科建设必须充分体现对高深专门知识的传授。     

Beliefs of experienced and student teachers about the nature and purpose of social studies education in New Zealand elementary schools

This paper reports on an investigation carried out in New Zealand into experienced elementary and student teachers’ beliefs about the nature and purpose of social studies education. Since its inclusion in New Zealand's curriculum, social studies has been organized around the notion of citizenship education with curricula and programmes of work influenced by four overarching “traditions” – social studies as: citizenship transmission; social science; reflective inquiry; and personal, social and ethical empowerment. A 20-item scale based on these traditions was administered to 228 student teachers and 64 experienced teachers. A factor analysis indicated that participants' perceptions of the dimensions of social studies education were, with one exception, reasonably close to the four traditions. Despite the contested nature of social studies, the student and experienced teachers held similar positions on the relative importance of the traditions and dimensions. It is argued that this agreement arises, wholly or in part, from their common “apprenticeship of experience” in classrooms, the broader socio-historical context in which their beliefs were developed, the widespread influence of a prevalent educational discourse, and a shared lack of experience in formal knowledge associated with specific social science disciplines. It was concluded that the uncomfortable generational encounters often reported in the literature between novice and experienced teachers are unlikely to occur in relation to the teaching of elementary social studies in New Zealand.