国际技术贸易格局演化规律研究——基于知识产权使用费数据分析视角

从全球视角出发,探究长时间尺度下国际技术贸易活动格局的演化规律。本研究选取1970—2019年50个主要国家/地区的知识产权使用费数据作为分析对象,利用重心模型、科学中心转移理论和复杂网络分析方法,分别从进口和出口两个角度分析国际技术贸易的地理重心迁移、中心国家转移以及网络结构演化等规律。研究结果显示,1970—2019年:(1)国际技术贸易进出口地理重心均稳定于北半球,并分别以0.56°(45.19 km)/年、1.52°(120.68 km)/年的速度向东迁移;进口重心一直位于出口重心东侧,但两者间距离在逐步缩小。(2)国际技术贸易进口中心的转移次序为德国→日本→美国→荷兰→爱尔兰;国际技术贸易出口中心一直是美国,未发生转移,但其占比在持续下降。(3)国际技术贸易活动愈加广泛和深化;国际技术贸易网络具有明显的"小世界"和"核心-边缘"结构特征;美国优势地位明显,具有最强的国际技术贸易获利能力;中国的网络地位近期快速提升,但国际技术贸易出口能力亟待提高。     

An Integrated Spatial Search Engine for Maps and Aerial Photographs on a Google Maps API Platform

A traditional library catalog does not do justice to maps and aerial photographs. Text can never fully describe them and maps' and aerial photographs' geographic coverage or perimeters cannot be displayed visually in the online public access catalog (OPAC), so searching based on their textual metadata without specific spatial reference data used also for display purposes is often not enough to locate relevant items. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem's (HUJI) Geography Department has developed a spatial search engine for their scanned aerial photographs collection that allows users to locate one or more aerial photographs according to the area of the Earth's surface that was photographed and their accompanying metadata. The Humanities and Social Sciences Library, which holds a large unscanned print map collection, has asked to integrate a similar map search mechanism in the Department's existing search engine, and a new website was launched in December 2015 (http://ccg.huji.ac.il/aerialphotos/) showing the aerial photographs' center points alongside the maps' rectangle perimeter. The search engine retrieves maps and aerial photographs that intersect with a user-drawn rectangle. This article discusses the characteristics of these collections, the rationale behind searching for maps and aerial photographs together, and the process of defining and building this spatial search engine. This method allows users to view which items are available in their area of interest side-by-side, on a Google Maps background map.     

地理环境·历史符号·记忆场域——论林莽对“白洋淀”的三重书写

林莽的作品中至少存在三重意义上的"白洋淀":地理的、历史的、个人记忆的,这三者不是独立存在,而是彼此交错、互为补充。在林莽的笔下,作为地理的"白洋淀"渗透了白洋淀本土的自然环境与人文氛围,并与北京文化有密不可分的关系。此外,林莽对"白洋淀"的书写还是特殊历史背景下的产物,"插队热""文革"等历史事件不可避免地出现在林莽的书写中,使"白洋淀"成为了一个历史符号。但林莽作品中的"白洋淀"并没有完全受制于历史事件,而更多地浸入个人的生命情感,超越了具体的地点,成为具有个人意味的记忆场域。     

从《乡土中国》解读中国传统农村社会

费孝通教授在《乡土中国》一书中，对传统农村社会的社会结构和人际关系进行了深层次的解读和认识。认为社会秩序实际上靠的是“血缘、地缘、家庭”——三位一体的乡土精神来维持，根置于土地的乡土精神是中国农民生存的动力所在。在传统的社会生活中，血缘关系是信任结构建立的基础，也是人们获得资源的重要途径。     

美国湿地松地理种源选择研究

湿地松种源产于美国东南部6大州．用双因素方差分析和秩次相关分析方法，对湿地松地理种源进行分析，结果表明：来源于佐治亚州和南卡罗尔纳州的湿地松种源较为适合广东生长。     

地域因素对英汉词汇的影响

语言因受到各种因素的影响而各不相同,本文以英语和汉语为研究对象,探讨地域因素对这两种语言词汇层面的影响。     

自然地理分区与青海游牧社会的历史演进

目前,学术界通常将青海划分为东部季风大区、西北部干旱大区以及南部高寒大区三个综合自然地理单元。这三个大区的地理环境要素,无论是气候、水文、地质、地貌还是土壤、生物等均有明显的地域差异。因而在青海古代游牧社会的历史演进过程中发挥了不同的作用,也为青海历史刻上了不同的印痕。     

浅议部分测量规范中存在的问题

由于时间滞后或缺乏统筹安排,我国现行的测量规范或多或少存在一些问题。文中列举了《工程测量规范》和《房产测量规范》中存在的一些问题,并就这些问题提出了改进意见,改进后的内容表达明确、简洁,具有较强的可行性。     

Distribution area demarcation for logistic centers under geographical information system decision support system

Demarcating distribution area of goods is often guided by the rule of thumb by business proprietors. However, this method seems to be unsuitable when the demand points increase to a certain large extent. The present work attempted to convert the problem of distribution area demarcation into a localized problem of warehouseing and networking, and tried to establish district-based planning mode based on location based heuristic (LBH). Two methods were used in this study: 1) the manual method to construct the mathematical model and conduct simulation; 2) the automatic method using TransCAD software of geographical information system (GIS) for simulation. By comparing the effects of the two methods, the research provides theoretical support for business proprietors to demarcate the distribution area rationally with the application of GIS system. The results show that GIS has very good graphics construction function to replace complex text, and the automatic demarcating mode with human-machine interaction provides a good business decision-making support.     

Italy as the Cradle of the Renaissance:From the Perspective of Its Partic-ular Reasons

The Renaissance is a period from the 14th to the 17th centuries, considered as a shift from Middle Ages to Modern times of European history. It developed from Middle Ages which laid its political, econ...