Making Bio-Expectations

This paper marks one attempt to open up the boundaries of humanitarianism to the diverse effects of scientific objects, practices and technologies. It follows the frontiers of their effects with one particularly consequential practice of scientific reductionism through its implication with vitamin A deficiency. I open up how the scientific articulation of vitamin A is not simply about reductionism as a process of limiting, but one that unfolds as something more malleable, more multiple; how it is a shifting, distributed reality that speaks of the ongoing effects of reductionism as giving life to, among other things, emotive abstractions, and efforts to widen a distinctly humanitarian promise. I show how this scientific practice puts into play a set of emotive abstractions around the figure of the ‘Third World child’, un/remaking the problem as a morally tense ‘bio-expectation’ that ensures the survival of children across the generalised expanse of the Global South.     

Paving the road toward the use of β-Fe2O3 in solar water splitting: Raman identification,phase transformation and strategies for phase stabilization

Although β-Fe₂O₃ has a high theoretical solar-to-hydrogen efficiency because of its narrow band gap, the study of β-Fe₂O₃ photoanodes for water splitting is elusive as a result of their metastable nature. Raman identification of β-Fe₂O₃ is theoretically and experimentally investigated in this study for the first time, thus clarifying the debate about its Raman spectrum in the literature. Phase transformation of β-Fe₂O₃ to α-Fe₂O₃ was found to potentially take place under laser and electron irradiation as well as annealing. Herein, phase transformation of β-Fe₂O₃ to α-Fe₂O₃ was inhibited by introduction of Zr doping, and β-Fe₂O₃ was found to withstand a higher annealing temperature without any phase transformation. The solar water splitting photocurrent of the Zr-doped β-Fe₂O₃ photoanode was increased by 500% compared to that of the pure β-Fe₂O₃ photoanode. Additionally, Zr-doped β-Fe₂O₃ exhibited very good stability during the process of solar water splitting. These results indicate that by improving its thermal stability, metastable β-Fe₂O₃ film is a promising photoanode for solar water splitting.     

国内外信息化人才建设的经验及启示

信息化人才是目前国内外竞争最激烈的稀缺资源,全球新一轮的信息化人才争夺具有其新的态势和特点,国内外先进地区信息化人才建设的做法和经验,给了我们新的启示.     

基于知识图谱的我国公共体育服务研究可视化分析

以中国知网所收录的2007年至2017间核心期刊中有关公共体育服务文献题录作为分析数据样本,对所搜集到的254篇文献进行可视化分析。借助CiteSpace V软件,运用文献计量学方法与内容分析方法,结果表明:近十年我国公共体育服务研究经历了波浪式增长与急速增长两个阶段,研究主题紧密结合国家政策战略,在不断调整中推动了公共体育服务的发展。主要特征体现在始终服务于国家宏观政策方针,顺应了政府职能转变下对体育发展改革的时代需求;以“体育管理、公共服务”为核心的研究主题始终贯穿,主动融入政策响应的研究诉求强烈,人民美好生活中体育需求的关照不足;整个研究过程充满了动态性与局限性。未来研究应坚持与国家公共服务政策相伴相生,形成开放性反馈研究系统;注重公共体育服务研究的政策引领和政策的事后绩效评估;打造学术共同体,提升公共体育服务研究成果在政策咨询和智库建设中的作用。     

高等教育大众化背景下地方高校的办学效益问题

地方高校由于自身的特殊性,办学效益有一定特性。文章分析地方高校办学效益方面存在的主要问题,指出必须树立效益意识、提高管理水平、强化人才培养、主动融入社会,在高教大众化背景下发展得更充分、更科学。     

Leveraging microgrants to support capacity-building workshops in low- and middle-income countries for meeting the Sustainable Development Goals

Twenty fifteen marked the year of assessment for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The MDGs that achieved the greatest success were those where evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions were implemented. The ability to practice evidence-based medicine is grounded in the creation of and access to medical literature that synthesizes research findings. The role that global health literature played in the success of the MDGs demonstrates that medical libraries and librarians have a role to play in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Librarians can hold capacity-building workshops that provide instruction on how to access evidence-based literature and also train health professionals to conduct synthesis research. Research findings conducted by in-country health professionals are more likely to address issues being faced by local communities and will afford the possibility of obtaining the necessary evidence-based answers that can then be used to implement policies to resolve public health issues identified in the SDGs.This paper discusses how an international team of librarians leveraged funding from a Medical Library Association/Librarians without Borders/Elsevier Foundation/Research4Life grant to hold a capacity-building workshop in Zimbabwe and follow-up online trainings. The workshop focused on accessing evidence-based resources and conducting synthesis research. Outcomes included the creation and policy implementation of evidence-based knowledge products in alignment with local needs and galvanizing a multisectoral group of key individuals who have gone on to collaborate toward the vision of creating a Zimbabwe innovation hub. Looking ahead, such grants can be leveraged to conduct capacity-building to support knowledge translation and other local training needs.     

中压混合型模块化多电平变换器的载波移相调制策略

由于半桥子模块与全桥子模块的载波移相调制策略不同,两者混合而成的模块化多电平变换器(modular multilevel converter, MMC)不能直接沿用原来的调制策略;在船舶中压直流电力系统中,由于变换器模块数较少,交流输出电压的波形质量相对较差。基于上述原因,通过载波相位角的合理配置,提出一种改进型载波移相调制策略。该策略不仅能够增加交流输出电压的电平数,而且不局限于某种特定的拓扑结构。通过仿真验证其有效性和通用性,验证结果显示它是一种适用于中压混合型MMC的通用调制策略。     

平行/重合D膜超势，Ooguri-Vafa不变量与类型II弦理论/F理论对偶

利用类型Ⅱ弦理论/F理论对偶,第一次在平行和重合相区计算一个具体的双D膜系统的超势,并提取Ooguri-Vafa不变量。平行D膜相与重合D膜相间的相变也对应着D膜世界叶上规范理论规范对称性的提升U（1）×…×U（1）→U（n）。计算显示这两个相区的超势截然不同,并给出不同的Ooguri-Vafa不变量。这意味着相变的发生导致两个相区能谱结构的差异。     

HP3中共形极小曲面的几何

通过扭映射π：CP⁷→HP³构造出HP³中曲率为4/7,4/19,4/27的6个共形极小二维球面的例子.由于扭映射π：CP²ⁿ⁺¹→HPⁿ给出了CP²ⁿ⁺¹的水平极小曲面与HPⁿ中极小曲面的一个自然等同,利用Bolton等得出的在CPⁿ中常曲率共形极小二维球面的结论,根据CHEN Xiaodong和JIAO Xiaoxiang给出的HPⁿ中常曲率共形极小二维球面的一般方法,构造出HPⁿ中的共形极小曲面的例子.     

三峡水库蓄水后长江水系重庆段河道形态的变化特征

三峡大坝建设引起的蓄水位变化(从135m、145m到175m)必将影响到库区水环境格局,特别是河道形态.现有研究主要集中于由库区人类活动所导致的陆生生境的变化,而对空间水环境形态的变化较少注意.本文借助多时段卫星影像监测和数字高程模型模拟,对三峡水库蓄水后河道空间形态演变进行分析.结果表明,三峡水库蓄水后,河道水环境格局发生较大变化.175 m水位正常蓄水后受影响干流河段主要分布于平行岭谷低山丘陵区涪陵-云阳段,重点是忠县长江河段,长江及其支流形成增幅深切曲流.万州以下河段,干流河道主要表现为峡谷,受蓄水影响不大,而主要是长江北岸支流受到较大影响,尤以开县小江流域最为显著.将形成湖泊型水体.同时,三峡水库蓄水以后,由于蓄水水位的季节变化,将形成新的水库消落区.河道形态和蓄水体类型的改变而引起的生态环境效应值得深入研究.