浅析水彩画的艺术特征

在当代绘画艺术中,创作方式是多种多样的。水彩画是学习色彩艺术的阶梯,也是一门独立的艺术。在历史的长河中,为人们所欣赏、品尝。它特有的清新、流畅的艺术效果,给观众带来审美愉悦的同时,也享有其它画种所得不到的殊誉。随着时代的发展,水彩艺术的影响越来越广泛和深远,体现了很高的审美价值。本文以粗略的语言对水彩画的艺术美感进行论述,并结合自己的创作对水彩画美感进行的初步探索。     

The OECD and the local: PISA-based Test for Schools in the USA

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has recently piloted the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA)-based Test for Schools in the USA. In this paper, I contend that by connecting directly with local school boards this new initiative has the potential to further promote the OECD's educational agenda in local policy debates. I begin to develop this argument by providing an overview of the OECD and its work. I then lay out a theoretical framework around global governance and knowledge production within the context of the OECD. Next, I provide a brief overview of the traditional PISA study and compare it to the new PISA-based Test for Schools initiative. This context provides the foundation for a discussion of the ways in which a school-based international assessment can operate as a governance tool, allowing international organizations to have greater influence in the formation and implementation of local educational policies.     

Transformation or continuation? A critical analysis of the making of the post-2015 education agenda

As the target date of 2015 draws near for both the Education for All and Millennium Development Goals, consultations are well-underway to begin defining the shape and scope of the post-2015 development agenda. Between September 2012 and March 2013, UN Member States, private sector representatives, multilateral development agencies, epistemic communities and non-governmental organisations participated in the Global Thematic Consultation on Education in the Post-2015 Development Agenda. Participants involved emphasised education as a societal good and a fundamental human right. Participants also highlighted the importance of education in addressing broader global challenges, stating that ‘education and learning should be transformative and foster global citizenship, thereby assuming its central role in helping people to forge more just, peaceful, tolerant and inclusive societies’. Such discourse suggests a shift in the objectives and priorities of global education in the post-2015 context. Is it possible that the post-2015 education agenda will represent a counter-hegemonic vision for global education? This paper engages in discursal analysis of the Global Thematic Consultation on Education in the Post-2015 Development Agenda to offer a preliminary answer to this question.     

Cultivating critical global citizens through secondary EFL education: a case study of mainland China

This paper examines the enactment of critical literacy pedagogy in secondary English language teaching in the face of globalisation. This qualitative case study signals that global citizenship education (GCE) and English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching can converge through offering equitable and globally contextualised learning opportunities. The overarching themes presented here challenge the dominance of instrumentalist orientations of EFL education in mainland China today while mobilising pedagogical choices that affirm students' local and lived experiences in relation to international socio-political issues. Findings provide EFL educators nuanced insights into how critical global literacies are extended through critical understandings of literacies, interconnections from a personal to a global level, and opportunities for social actions on multicultural issues, thus fostering globally competent and bilingual learners who critically engage with the contested terrain of an increasingly globalised world.     

Reputation disparity in teaching and research productivity and rewards in the context of consequences of institutionalization of Publish or Perish culture in academia

The reputation disparity between teaching and research has stirred up an unending debate. The age-long notion that teaching and research overlap has become a controversial issue in academia. Consequences of the institutionalization of Publish OR Perish (POP) abound in the literature. This paper investigates the reputations disparity between teaching and research productivity and the rewards for these academic activities. It explores which, out of teaching activities and research publications receive higher or less attention and rewards. Relevant existing literature was reviewed to establish the institutionalization of POP and its consequences of the reputations disparity between teaching and research and its adverse effects on these activities. Evidence from the literature reviewed reveals the existence of POP reputation disparity as part of its consequences. A key finding is that teaching activities are insignificant and unrewarded as research publications. Neither the effectiveness nor the number of teaching loads counts like the numbers of publications.     

基于点云的典型地貌全局光渲染方法的改进及实现

针对典型地貌全局光渲染中的重点问题:环境遮挡以及色溢的渲染效率和效果,提出光线追踪、光能传递以外的另一种改进方法——点云计算方式。分析了点云算法的原理、特点和优越性,选取张家界石英砂岩峰林地貌三维模型作为样本,测试和比较了光线追踪和点云计算方法的实际效果,实验表明点云计算方式有更高的效率和更好的表现效果,论文也为其他典型地貌的全局光渲染提供了可行的制作方案和流程。     

太阳活动和大气涛动对天山南北气温波动的综合影响

利用天山南北33个气象站点1961-2012年逐日气温数据,运用滑动平均、线性倾向估计、Mann-Kendall非参数检验等气候诊断方法,分析了近52年天山南北气温变化趋势、突变特征,探讨了太阳活动、主要大气涛动对气温波动的综合影响。结果表明:①近52年天山南北气温暖化趋势明显。3个分区增温速率关系为:天山南坡(0.256℃/10a)天山北坡(0.259℃/10a)天山东段(0.446℃/10a);②天山南北气温变化与太阳活动波动具有一定的规律性,表现为:第19-20周期"反相关",第21-22周期和23周期上升段"正相关",第23周期下降段和第24周期"反相关";③ENSO事件对天山南北气温变化影响相对较弱,且ENSO事件强度与天山南北气温年际变化相关性存在不稳定性;④北极涛动(AO)和北大西洋涛动(NAO)与天山南北气温变化相关性较高且存在季节差异。其中,北极涛动(AO)主要影响天山南北冬季和春季气温变化,空间上天山北坡响应明显于南坡。北大西洋涛动(NAO)主要影响夏季气温变化,空间上夏季气温影响区域广泛,冬季气温影响主要集中在天山南北坡边缘地带;春季气温影响区域主要集中在天山北麓。     

全球外部性视角下的碳排放与产业结构变迁

在观察产业结构与碳排放的关系时,考虑碳排放所具有的全球外部性将有助于提高分析的合理性。通过扩展RICE-2010这一气候变化综合评估模型,将中国经济细分为44个行业,并把国外作为一个独立主体,从而对全球外部性视角下的碳排放与产业结构变迁进行了分析。数值模拟结果表明:电力生产、交通运输、黑色金属冶炼、石油加工是设计碳减排政策时需优先关注的四个行业;我国碳排放库兹涅兹曲线(CKC)的拐点大致出现在2060年左右,届时,产业结构的格局将呈现出服务业比重高于工业比重的典型特征。     

国内港口城市建设全球采购基地研究——以宁波市为例

越来越多的跨国企业不再局限于本国的产品,而是在全球市场内选择价格低廉、品质优秀的产品。中国凭借廉价的劳动力成本、丰富的原材料以及相对完善的基础设施,正成为一个巨大的全球采购基地。作为一个港口城市,宁波有望能建设一个成熟的、优质的全球采购基地。本文首先对全球采购基地类型和条件进行研究;然后结合宁波的实际情况,分析出宁波建设全球采购基地的优劣势;最后提出相关的对策建议。     

网络帖子文学论略

随着数字网络技术的发展,在许多电子媒介社区、论坛、BBS等上都开辟了发帖子的栏目,而这些栏目则发展了网络帖子文学。网络帖子文学由于电子第二媒介的独特性而具有自身的特点:声像化、互动化、链接化、民主化、复调性、原生态和娱乐化等。网络帖子文学的特点决定了其具有心理宣泄、促进民主和视听娱乐等功能。随着超媒体的发展,网络帖子文学将成为文化球域化的重镇,从而走向真正的"全球文学"。